{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016286530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/298324","title":"The Skills and Economic Status of American Jewry: Trends over the Last Half-Century","display_name":"The Skills and Economic Status of American Jewry: Trends over the Last Half-Century","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016286530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/298324","mag":"2016286530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/298324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/298324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/298324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8557221","display_name":"Journal of Labor Economics","issn_l":"0734-306X","issn":["0734-306X","1537-5307"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Labor Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038978923","display_name":"Barry R. Chiswick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3416-2713","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3416-2713"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Barry R. Chiswick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038978923"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7518,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85923016,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1, Part 1","first_page":"229","last_page":"242"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13784","display_name":"Jewish Identity and Society","score":0.7871000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13784","display_name":"Jewish Identity and Society","score":0.7871000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.1889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.015699999406933784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-jews","display_name":"American Jews","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-status","display_name":"occupational status","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings","display_name":"earnings","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intergenerational-differences","display_name":"intergenerational differences","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-inequality","display_name":"ethnic inequality","score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-identity","display_name":"religious identity","score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment-trends","display_name":"educational attainment trends","score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-attainment","display_name":"occupational attainment","score":0.41200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776640315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315941","display_name":"Respondent","level":2,"score":0.9033229351043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138090074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572079","display_name":"Ceteris paribus","level":2,"score":0.8846026062965393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.8386925458908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.5900047421455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.5649108290672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.49255093932151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57868080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075807","display_name":"Occupational prestige","level":4,"score":0.4919871985912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150152722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9268","display_name":"Judaism","level":2,"score":0.45474928617477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146804397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118918","display_name":"General Social Survey","level":2,"score":0.4312536418437958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.430270791053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.4183596968650818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.36707374453544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.3540399670600891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.32868432998657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23978734016418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.20487752556800842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.1407022476196289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.066444993019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/298324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/298324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/298324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8557221","display_name":"Journal of Labor Economics","issn_l":"0734-306X","issn":["0734-306X","1537-5307"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Labor Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8974000215530396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W620069587","https://openalex.org/W1491288857","https://openalex.org/W1554240538","https://openalex.org/W1969137527","https://openalex.org/W1977463154","https://openalex.org/W1977851628","https://openalex.org/W1992746671","https://openalex.org/W1998250792","https://openalex.org/W2044997324","https://openalex.org/W2065563377","https://openalex.org/W2070415764","https://openalex.org/W2092451675","https://openalex.org/W2104636655","https://openalex.org/W2329239611","https://openalex.org/W2335446045","https://openalex.org/W2796516676","https://openalex.org/W3121370212","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244865535","https://openalex.org/W4365396017","https://openalex.org/W1573251838","https://openalex.org/W4375945438","https://openalex.org/W4409458607","https://openalex.org/W4411465933","https://openalex.org/W4301804916","https://openalex.org/W3043336658","https://openalex.org/W7215034369","https://openalex.org/W2022785157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,77],"General":[1],"Social":[2],"Surveys":[3],"Cumulative":[4],"Data":[5],"File":[6],"is":[7,71],"used":[8],"to":[9,46,96],"analyze":[10],"the":[11,37,44,47,67,75,90,94,97],"schooling,":[12,57],"occupational":[13,58],"status,":[14,59],"and":[15,40,60,65],"earnings":[16,61],"of":[17,56,84],"American":[18],"Jews.":[19],"Jews":[20,51],"are":[21],"identified":[22],"by":[23],"a":[24],"question":[25],"on":[26,34],"religion":[27],"at":[28],"age":[29],"16.":[30],"analysis":[32],"focuses":[33],"trends":[35],"within":[36,66],"survey":[38,68],"period":[39,69],"intergenerational":[41],"changes":[42],"from":[43,93],"father":[45],"respondent.":[48],"Ceteris":[49],"paribus,":[50],"have":[52],"significantly":[53],"higher":[54,82],"levels":[55,83],"than":[62,86],"other":[63,87],"whites,":[64],"there":[70],"no":[72],"trend":[73],"in":[74],"differential.":[76],"Jewish":[78],"fathers":[79],"also":[80],"had":[81],"achievement":[85],"fathers,":[88],"but":[89],"differentials":[91],"increased":[92],"father's":[95],"respondent's":[98],"generation.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-27T14:10:00.468798","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}