{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016247802","doi":null,"title":"Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Pacific Southwest). Steelhead.","display_name":"Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Pacific Southwest). Steelhead.","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016247802","mag":"2016247802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:ADA173662","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&amp;verb=getRecord&amp;metadataPrefix=html&amp;identifier=ADA173662","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTIC AND NTIS","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024465733","display_name":"Roger A. Barnhart","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roger A. Barnhart","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024465733"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5166,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60920666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10302","display_name":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10302","display_name":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12319","display_name":"Fish Biology and Ecology Studies","score":0.0071000000461936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10230","display_name":"Marine and fisheries research","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steelhead","display_name":"steelhead","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainbow-trout","display_name":"rainbow trout","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-history","display_name":"life history","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-requirements","display_name":"environmental requirements","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spawning-grounds","display_name":"spawning grounds","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rearing-habitat","display_name":"rearing habitat","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smolt-migration","display_name":"smolt migration","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sedimentation","display_name":"sedimentation","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-restoration","display_name":"habitat restoration","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-propagation","display_name":"artificial propagation","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fisheries-regulation","display_name":"fisheries regulation","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sport-fisheries","display_name":"sport fisheries","score":0.9190000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117773394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852569","display_name":"Fish migration","level":3,"score":0.8343977928161621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.7829169034957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17458331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q935672","display_name":"Spawn (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7098832726478577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.6779043674468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994167347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187986","display_name":"Rainbow trout","level":3,"score":0.6617292761802673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514101110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373","display_name":"Fishing","level":2,"score":0.5846190452575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777940460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310436","display_name":"Salmo","level":3,"score":0.5133683085441589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4759756624698639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13474642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43806","display_name":"Invertebrate","level":2,"score":0.4268737733364105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779363728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258881","display_name":"Trout","level":3,"score":0.4167892336845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.3516802191734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2626604437828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909208804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282","display_name":"Fish <Actinopterygii>","level":2,"score":0.15334561467170715}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:ADA173662","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&amp;verb=getRecord&amp;metadataPrefix=html&amp;identifier=ADA173662","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTIC AND NTIS","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:2016247802","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a173662.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W107060965","https://openalex.org/W244423289","https://openalex.org/W1503810395","https://openalex.org/W1963597816","https://openalex.org/W1970062978","https://openalex.org/W1970439023","https://openalex.org/W1970927133","https://openalex.org/W1971870292","https://openalex.org/W1989874058","https://openalex.org/W2028262928","https://openalex.org/W2030747474","https://openalex.org/W2034995564","https://openalex.org/W2043958805","https://openalex.org/W2059957569","https://openalex.org/W2066921973","https://openalex.org/W2067533284","https://openalex.org/W2068984887","https://openalex.org/W2079236257","https://openalex.org/W2086988273","https://openalex.org/W2096420446","https://openalex.org/W2115335118","https://openalex.org/W2142062190","https://openalex.org/W2152524673","https://openalex.org/W2306451577","https://openalex.org/W2342554317","https://openalex.org/W2405383222","https://openalex.org/W2507964281","https://openalex.org/W2512890785","https://openalex.org/W2800583345","https://openalex.org/W3190946363"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W959977171","https://openalex.org/W7098510018","https://openalex.org/W1972229847","https://openalex.org/W2034313894","https://openalex.org/W2115242924","https://openalex.org/W7097522586","https://openalex.org/W7098093897","https://openalex.org/W7070334797","https://openalex.org/W2073081360","https://openalex.org/W2321295821"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Species":[0],"profiles":[1],"are":[2,22],"summaries":[3],"of":[4,15,49,51,152],"the":[5,8,44,79,101],"literature":[6],"on":[7],"taxonomy,":[9],"life":[10],"history,":[11],"and":[12,18,92,103,136,155,177,193],"environmental":[13,27,121],"requirements":[14],"coastal":[16,59,76],"fishes":[17],"aquatic":[19],"invertebrates.":[20],"They":[21],"prepared":[23],"to":[24,63,81,114,126,139,148,168,173,180,188,194],"assist":[25],"with":[26,87,119],"impact":[28],"assessment.":[29],"The":[30],"steelhead":[31,52,97,141,171],"Salmo":[32],"gairdneri,":[33],"an":[34,39],"anadromous":[35],"rainbow":[36],"trout,":[37],"supports":[38],"important":[40,125,138],"sport":[41],"fishery":[42],"in":[43,66,83,160],"Pacific":[45],"Southwest.":[46],"Although":[47],"native":[48],"populations":[50],"have":[53,166],"declined,":[54],"these":[55],"fish":[56],"annually":[57],"enter":[58],"streams":[60,77],"from":[61,78,100,112],"northern":[62],"southern":[64],"California":[65],"years":[67],"when":[68],"winter":[69],"stream":[70],"flow":[71],"is":[72,123,158],"high.":[73],"Steelhead":[74,143],"ascend":[75],"ocean":[80],"spawn":[82],"cool,":[84],"well-oxygenated":[85],"waters":[86],"suitable":[88],"depth,":[89,135],"current":[90],"velocity,":[91],"gravel":[93,102],"size.":[94],"After":[95],"hatching,":[96],"fry":[98],"emerge":[99],"begin":[104],"a":[105],"freshwater":[106],"rearing":[107,178],"phase":[108],"that":[109,198],"generally":[110],"extends":[111],"1":[113,161],"3":[115],"years.":[116,164],"Rearing":[117],"habitat":[118,185],"proper":[120],"conditions":[122],"extremely":[124],"steelboard":[127],"production.":[128],"Excessive":[129],"sedimentation":[130],"reduces":[131],"food":[132],"production,":[133],"pool":[134],"cover--all":[137],"juvenile":[140],"survival.":[142],"smolts":[144],"migrate":[145],"during":[146],"spring":[147],"saltwater,":[149],"where":[150,186],"most":[151],"their":[153],"growth":[154],"sexual":[156],"maturity":[157],"attained":[159],"or":[162,182],"2":[163],"Attempts":[165],"increased":[167],"protect":[169],"wild":[170],"stocks,":[172],"maintain":[174],"existing":[175],"spawning":[176],"habitat,":[179],"restore":[181],"enhance":[183],"degraded":[184],"feasible,":[187],"use":[189],"artificial":[190],"propagation":[191],"efficiently,":[192],"establish":[195],"fishing":[196],"regulations":[197],"provide":[199],"quality":[200],"angling":[201],"for":[202],"steelhead.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}