{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016196863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0622","title":"Visualization of the Effects of Post Injection and Swirl on the Combustion Process of a Passenger Car Common Rail DI Diesel Engine","display_name":"Visualization of the Effects of Post Injection and Swirl on the Combustion Process of a Passenger Car Common Rail DI Diesel Engine","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016196863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0622","mag":"2016196863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1115/ices2003-0622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306507800","display_name":"Design, Application, Performance and Emissions of Modern Internal Combustion Engine Systems and Components","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Design, Application, Performance and Emissions of Modern Internal Combustion Engine Systems and Components","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012618952","display_name":"Arjan Helmantel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjan Helmantel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, Go\u00a8teborg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, Go\u00a8teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068881035","display_name":"Joop Somhorst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0417-8749","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0417-8749"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340210623","display_name":"Volvo (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05b6ypc36","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340210623"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153628","display_name":"Volvo Cars (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/005n5zv88","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153393","https://openalex.org/I4387153628"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joop Somhorst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Volvo Car Corporation, Go\u00a8teborg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Volvo Car Corporation, Go\u00a8teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340210623","https://openalex.org/I4387153628"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064762630","display_name":"Ingemar Denbratt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingemar Denbratt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, Go\u00a8teborg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, Go\u00a8teborg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9452,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73073666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"631","last_page":"640"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13990","display_name":"Engine and Fuel Emissions","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-injection","display_name":"post-injection","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swirl-ratio","display_name":"swirl ratio","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-rail-diesel-engine","display_name":"common rail diesel engine","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-injection-diesel-engine","display_name":"direct injection diesel engine","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion-visualization","display_name":"combustion visualization","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-temperature","display_name":"flame temperature","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soot-concentration","display_name":"soot concentration","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pilot-injection","display_name":"pilot injection","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-air-mixing","display_name":"fuel-air mixing","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soot-oxidation","display_name":"soot oxidation","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nox-emissions","display_name":"NOx emissions","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-efficiency","display_name":"fuel economy","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passenger-car-diesel-engines","display_name":"passenger car diesel engines","score":0.6060000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775925408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13174856","display_name":"Soot","level":3,"score":0.79269939661026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780804531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174174","display_name":"Diesel engine","level":2,"score":0.7117090225219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.7018980979919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777581395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747223","display_name":"Common rail","level":3,"score":0.633431077003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.5794819593429565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5577300190925598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106169591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909434","display_name":"Combustion chamber","level":3,"score":0.5399608016014099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203311528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34132","display_name":"Cylinder","level":2,"score":0.5398999452590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138171918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423","display_name":"Diesel fuel","level":2,"score":0.4910705089569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203032635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20962970","display_name":"NOx","level":3,"score":0.4885900616645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9526370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308881","display_name":"Fuel injection","level":2,"score":0.4467417299747467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511840579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757","display_name":"Internal combustion engine","level":2,"score":0.4443274140357971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53932193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135198","display_name":"Engine knocking","level":5,"score":0.4341524839401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96949565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5606882","display_name":"Homogeneous charge compression ignition","level":4,"score":0.4203546643257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.41991347074508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.38283658027648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2626883387565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2290005087852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15064120292663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1182129979133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1115/ices2003-0622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306507800","display_name":"Design, Application, Performance and Emissions of Modern Internal Combustion Engine Systems and Components","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Design, Application, Performance and Emissions of Modern Internal Combustion Engine Systems and Components","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W114966237","https://openalex.org/W2530881864","https://openalex.org/W2369100174","https://openalex.org/W1967712752","https://openalex.org/W2023709890","https://openalex.org/W1572471897","https://openalex.org/W2316240225","https://openalex.org/W1935536125","https://openalex.org/W1524926294","https://openalex.org/W2390364566"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19,48,78,105,121,140,191,237],"effects":[1],"of":[2,41,53,66,89,102,126,131,135,155,183,202,204,210,228],"variations":[3,43],"in":[4,35,81,220,243,250],"injection":[5,157,165,171],"strategy":[6],"and":[7,15,63,69,143,146,158,169,175],"swirl":[8,209],"on":[9,44],"a":[10,25,31,85,90,100,132,162,234,247],"DI":[11],"Diesel":[12,97],"engine":[13,79,98],"performance":[14],"emissions":[16],"were":[17,51,57,149],"tested.":[18],"cylinder":[20,87],"head":[21],"was":[22,194,214,222],"fitted":[23,106],"with":[24,30,99,112,233,246],"small":[26,119,248],"diameter":[27],"endoscope,":[28],"coupled":[29],"triggered":[32],"CCD":[33],"camera,":[34],"order":[36],"to":[37,59,117,151,166],"study":[38,152],"the":[39,45,54,61,75,82,113,127,136,153,167,173,176,180,184,199,205,211,229],"effect":[40],"these":[42],"combustion":[46,55,114,138,141,185],"process.":[47],"images":[49,142],"that":[50],"taken":[52],"process":[56],"used":[58,80,150],"calculate":[60],"spatial":[62],"temporal":[64],"distribution":[65],"flame":[67,177],"temperature":[68,178],"soot":[70,147,189,244],"kks":[71],"factor":[72],"by":[73,198,224],"using":[74],"2-color":[76],"method.":[77],"experiments":[83],"is":[84],"single":[86],"version":[88],"modern,":[91],"passenger":[92],"car":[93],"type,":[94],"common":[95],"rail":[96],"displacement":[101],"480":[103],"cc.":[104],"endoscope":[107,128],"caused":[108],"very":[109],"little":[110],"interference":[111],"chamber":[115],"due":[116],"its":[118],"dimensions.":[120],"65":[122],"degree":[123],"angle":[124],"view":[125],"allowed":[129],"coverage":[130],"large":[133],"portion":[134],"entire":[137],"chamber.":[139],"derived":[144],"temperatures":[145],"concentrations":[148],"influence":[154],"post":[156],"high":[159],"swirl.":[160],"Adding":[161],"third":[163],"(post)":[164],"pilot":[168],"main":[170],"increases":[172],"mixing":[174,239],"during":[179],"second":[181],"half":[182],"process,":[186],"thereby":[187],"improving":[188],"oxidation.":[190],"fuel":[192],"efficiency":[193],"not":[195],"negatively":[196],"affected":[197],"later":[200],"phasing":[201],"part":[203],"heat":[206],"release.":[207],"Increased":[208],"intake":[212,231],"air":[213],"also":[215],"studied.":[216],"An":[217],"80%":[218],"increase":[219,249],"swirl-ratio":[221],"achieved":[223],"closing":[225],"off":[226],"one":[227],"two":[230],"ports":[232],"butterfly":[235],"valve.":[236],"improved":[238],"gave":[240],"significant":[241],"reductions":[242],"emissions,":[245],"NOx":[251],"formation.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
