{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016186450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","title":"Penetration of Nafcillin, Methicillin, and Cefazolin into Human Brain Tissue","display_name":"Penetration of Nafcillin, Methicillin, and Cefazolin into Human Brain Tissue","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016186450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","mag":"2016186450","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6835496"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111727011","display_name":"Neurosurgery","issn_l":"0148-396X","issn":["0148-396X","1081-1281","1524-4040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078089820","display_name":"Peter T. Frame","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9919-1796","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9919-1796"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter T. Frame","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111643451","display_name":"Chatrchai Watanakunakorn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122621","display_name":"St. Elizabeth Youngstown Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02c944e82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122621","https://openalex.org/I4210165260"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chatrchai Watanakunakorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Elizabeth Hospital Medical Center, Youngstown"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Elizabeth Hospital Medical Center, Youngstown","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122621"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112266460","display_name":"Robert L. McLaurin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert L. McLaurin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079314511","display_name":"G Khodadad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322918889","display_name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143084","display_name":"Cincinnati VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/045r80n66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210127612","https://openalex.org/I4210143084"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghahreman Khodadad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical Service, Veterans Administration Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical Service, Veterans Administration Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210143084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7753,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68976124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"142","last_page":"147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10195","display_name":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10873","display_name":"Bacterial Infections and Vaccines","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nafcillin","display_name":"nafcillin","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methicillin","display_name":"methicillin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cefazolin","display_name":"cefazolin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-penetration","display_name":"brain penetration","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system-infection","display_name":"central nervous system infection","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penicillin","display_name":"penicillin","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cephalosporins","display_name":"cephalosporins","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/craniotomy","display_name":"craniotomy","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-biopsy","display_name":"brain biopsy","score":0.9139999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780515650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638852","display_name":"Nafcillin","level":4,"score":0.9726852178573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778353156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415739","display_name":"Cefazolin","level":3,"score":0.9271336793899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8064182996749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.6991474628448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986936838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Brain tissue","level":2,"score":0.6466907858848572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.5847918391227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778871575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514921","display_name":"Craniotomy","level":2,"score":0.5198338627815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.4694603979587555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776429142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620189","display_name":"Brain biopsy","level":3,"score":0.4332270622253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3778556287288666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3392069935798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.2766808271408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2122035026550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.16214072704315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174802600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12190","display_name":"Penicillin","level":3,"score":0.13623717427253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11001899838447571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001923","descriptor_name":"Brain Chemistry","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002437","descriptor_name":"Cefazolin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002437","descriptor_name":"Cefazolin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003399","descriptor_name":"Craniotomy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008712","descriptor_name":"Methicillin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008712","descriptor_name":"Methicillin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009254","descriptor_name":"Nafcillin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009254","descriptor_name":"Nafcillin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011292","descriptor_name":"Premedication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198302000-00002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111727011","display_name":"Neurosurgery","issn_l":"0148-396X","issn":["0148-396X","1081-1281","1524-4040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:6835496","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6835496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026453236","https://openalex.org/W2121021489","https://openalex.org/W2051357357","https://openalex.org/W2007944349","https://openalex.org/W3020917525","https://openalex.org/W2159917073","https://openalex.org/W4386862337","https://openalex.org/W4389030134","https://openalex.org/W2419380129","https://openalex.org/W2775272336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"determine":[1],"the":[2,5,29,40,51,54,170,185,194],"penetration":[3],"of":[4,19,28,42,53,71,84,94,108,118,132,172,196],"antistaphylococcal":[6],"antibiotics,":[7],"nafcillin,":[8],"methicillin,":[9],"and":[10,24,61,63,81,105,129],"cefazolin,":[11],"into":[12],"brain":[13,25,43,73,96,120,145,151,181],"tissue,":[14],"we":[15,161],"gave":[16],"to":[17,47,167],"each":[18],"27":[20],"patients":[21],"undergoing":[22],"craniotomy":[23],"biopsy":[26],"one":[27],"antibiotics":[30],"in":[31],"a":[32,56],"2-g":[33],"intravenous":[34],"infusion":[35],"just":[36],"before":[37],"operation.":[38],"At":[39],"time":[41],"tissue":[44,62,85,97,109,121,133,146,182],"removal":[45],"(30":[46],"225":[48],"minutes":[49],"after":[50],"start":[52],"infusion),":[55],"serum":[57,64],"specimen":[58],"was":[59],"obtained,":[60],"were":[65],"assayed":[66],"for":[67,89,113,137,169,193],"antibiotic":[68,142],"concentration.":[69],"Eleven":[70],"13":[72,91],"specimens":[74,98,122],"contained":[75,99,123],"detectable":[76,100,124],"nafcillin":[77,154,164],"concentrations":[78,102,126,183],"between":[79,103,127],"0.36":[80],"11":[82,119,139],"micrograms/g":[83,88,107,112,131,136],"(mean,":[86,110,134],"2.7":[87],"all":[90,114,138],"specimens).":[92,116,140],"Fourteen":[93],"18":[95,115],"methicillin":[101,168],"0.56":[104],"5.0":[106],"2.0":[111,128],"Ten":[117],"cefazolin":[125],"40":[130],"10.6":[135],"Each":[141],"penetrated":[143],"\"abnormal\"":[144],"better":[147],"than":[148,184],"\"relatively":[149],"normal\"":[150],"tissue.":[152],"Because":[153],"is":[155,165],"more":[156],"active":[157],"against":[158],"Staphylococcus":[159],"aureus,":[160],"conclude":[162],"that":[163],"preferable":[166],"therapy":[171,195],"central":[173,197],"nervous":[174,198],"system":[175,199],"staphylococcal":[176],"infections.":[177,200],"Cefazolin":[178],"achieves":[179],"higher":[180],"penicillins,":[186],"but":[187],"has":[188],"not":[189],"been":[190],"clinically":[191],"evaluated":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
