{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016152049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/217721","title":"Forced Labour in Colonial Africa","display_name":"Forced Labour in Colonial Africa","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016152049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/217721","mag":"2016152049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/217721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/217721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/217721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169569900","display_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","issn_l":"0361-7882","issn":["0361-7882","2326-3016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315938","host_organization_name":"Boston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315938"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Boston University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061295747","display_name":"Peter C. W. Gutkind","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter C. W. Gutkind","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097057386","display_name":"A. T. Nzula","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. T. Nzula","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057354728","display_name":"I. I. Potekhin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. I. Potekhin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097057387","display_name":"A. Z. Zusmanovich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Z. Zusmanovich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102708800","display_name":"Robin A Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-3955","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-3955"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9085,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93884817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"549","last_page":"549"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14141","display_name":"Colonial History and Postcolonial Studies","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11695","display_name":"South African History and Culture","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forced-labor","display_name":"forced labor","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colonial-africa","display_name":"colonial Africa","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soviet-union","display_name":"Soviet Union","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russian-translation","display_name":"Russian translation","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-african-communist-party","display_name":"South African Communist Party","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-communism","display_name":"African communism","score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-exploitation","display_name":"labor exploitation","score":0.3199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531593650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167","display_name":"Colonialism","level":2,"score":0.8029825687408447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541189924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837556","display_name":"Forced migration","level":3,"score":0.4559178948402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39613455533981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3351563811302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10903549194335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173145845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131572","display_name":"Refugee","level":2,"score":0.05957573652267456}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/217721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/217721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/217721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169569900","display_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","issn_l":"0361-7882","issn":["0361-7882","2326-3016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315938","host_organization_name":"Boston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315938"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Boston University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4248353533","https://openalex.org/W4244763484","https://openalex.org/W4210925498","https://openalex.org/W2264188434","https://openalex.org/W4300020016","https://openalex.org/W4248025884","https://openalex.org/W7021066350","https://openalex.org/W4308641632","https://openalex.org/W2999456920","https://openalex.org/W2284756347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"edition":[1],"and":[2,60,84,95],"collection":[3],"of":[4,11,27,37],"Albert":[5],"Nzula\u2019s":[6],"writings.":[7],"Includes":[8],"a":[9],"translation":[10,106],"the":[12,21,28,32,38,52,81,97,102],"first":[13,33],"book":[14,79,98],"on":[15,93],"Africa":[16],"to":[17,101],"be":[18,87],"published":[19],"in":[20,51],"Soviet":[22],"Union":[23],"(in":[24],"1932),":[25],"one":[26],"authors,":[29],"Nzula,":[30],"being":[31],"black":[34],"general":[35],"secretary":[36],"South":[39],"African":[40],"Communist":[41],"Party.":[42],"His":[43],"co-authored":[44],"book,":[45],"together":[46],"with":[47],"all":[48],"his":[49],"writings":[50],"Negro":[53],"Worker,":[54],"are":[55,63],"assembled":[56],"here.":[57],"Numerous":[58],"footnotes":[59],"an":[61],"introduction":[62],"added":[64],"by":[65,107],"RC.":[66],"Njoroge":[67],"Dseugu":[68],"(West":[69],"Africa,":[70],"9":[71],"June":[72],"1980)":[73],"describes":[74],"it":[75],"as":[76],"\u2018a":[77],"remarkable":[78],"...":[80],"editor,":[82],"translator":[83],"publisher":[85],"should":[86],"congratulated":[88],"for":[89],"their":[90],"painstaking":[91],"work":[92],"updating":[94],"making":[96],"more":[99],"relevant":[100],"modern":[103],"reader\u2019.":[104],"Russian":[105],"Hugh":[108],"Jenkins.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}