{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016148912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","title":"Prior experience and patterning in a prisoner's dilemma game","display_name":"Prior experience and patterning in a prisoner's dilemma game","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016148912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","mag":"2016148912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117214846","display_name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","issn_l":"0894-3257","issn":["0894-3257","1099-0771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/psy_facpubs/694","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026899078","display_name":"Albert Silverstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17626003","display_name":"University of Rhode Island","ror":"https://ror.org/013ckk937","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17626003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Silverstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rhode Island, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rhode Island, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17626003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007876508","display_name":"David V. Cross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4407-6317","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4407-6317"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Cross","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046987549","display_name":"Jay C. Brown","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055305555","display_name":"Howard C. Rachlin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6552-5604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6552-5604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Howard Rachlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055305555"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"],"apc_list":{"value":3700,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3700},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4858,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95026087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"123","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.07959999889135361,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prisoner-s-dilemma","display_name":"prisoner's dilemma","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperation","display_name":"cooperation","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tit-for-tat","display_name":"tit-for-tat","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-learning","display_name":"social learning","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-control","display_name":"self-control","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-aversion","display_name":"risk aversion","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeated-games","display_name":"repeated games","score":0.48899999260902405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113494165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41693","display_name":"Prisoner's dilemma","level":3,"score":0.8629971146583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.833335280418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7057725191116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5785735249519348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187206662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55607920","display_name":"Social dilemma","level":2,"score":0.4986610412597656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4927380383014679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90659851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1300745","display_name":"Superrationality","level":4,"score":0.4771296977996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16547292470932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.079043447971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.0.co;2-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117214846","display_name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","issn_l":"0894-3257","issn":["0894-3257","1099-0771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.3.co;2-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.3.co;2-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0771(199806)11:2<123::aid-bdm283>3.3.co;2-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117214846","display_name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","issn_l":"0894-3257","issn":["0894-3257","1099-0771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.uri.edu:psy_facpubs-1696","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/psy_facpubs/694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764761010","display_name":"Journal of Media Literacy Education","issn_l":"2167-8715","issn":["2167-8715"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316378","host_organization_name":"National Association for Media Literacy Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316378"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Association for Media Literacy Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychology Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.uri.edu:psy_facpubs-1696","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/psy_facpubs/694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764761010","display_name":"Journal of Media Literacy Education","issn_l":"2167-8715","issn":["2167-8715"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316378","host_organization_name":"National Association for Media Literacy Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316378"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Association for Media Literacy Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychology Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1747299974","https://openalex.org/W1778685146","https://openalex.org/W1946161921","https://openalex.org/W1964998817","https://openalex.org/W1980054641","https://openalex.org/W1999061236","https://openalex.org/W2027810815","https://openalex.org/W2029275495","https://openalex.org/W2033706413","https://openalex.org/W2034873946","https://openalex.org/W2055988455","https://openalex.org/W2062663664","https://openalex.org/W2081995627","https://openalex.org/W2092771871","https://openalex.org/W2094422247","https://openalex.org/W2094632212","https://openalex.org/W2126254832","https://openalex.org/W2143949373","https://openalex.org/W2161901642","https://openalex.org/W2219912196"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980406204","https://openalex.org/W7172234375","https://openalex.org/W3169566952","https://openalex.org/W2167125935","https://openalex.org/W3121556148","https://openalex.org/W2342342363","https://openalex.org/W7065922873","https://openalex.org/W1985623536","https://openalex.org/W2066455564","https://openalex.org/W4400512969"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Female":[0],"college":[1],"students":[2],"first":[3,20,140],"played":[4,74,114,123,131,144],"a":[5,15,109,115,124,135,151],"pseudo-prisoner's":[6],"dilemma":[7,52,78],"(PPD)":[8,106],"game":[9,80,117,126],"with":[10,70,81,118,127,183],"the":[11,19,22,55,68,71,85,98,104,119,139,154,161],"experimenter,":[12,72],"who":[13],"followed":[14],"fixed":[16],"strategy.":[17],"In":[18,84,108,153],"experiment":[21,141],"experimenter's":[23,99],"strategies":[24],"for":[25],"different":[26],"groups":[27,63],"of":[28,96,147,158,163,167,173,175],"subjects":[29,73,88,112],"were:":[30],"(a)":[31],"play":[32,35],"tit-for-tat;":[33],"(b)":[34],"randomly;":[36],"(c)":[37],"always":[38,41],"cooperate;":[39],"(d)":[40],"defect":[42],"(\u2018cooperation\u2019":[43],"and":[44,121,191],"\u2018defection\u2019,":[45],"defined":[46],"as":[47,137],"in":[48,103,138,145,177],"an":[49,75],"actual":[50,76],"prisoner's":[51,77],"game).":[53],"Only":[54],"tit-for-tat":[56],"group":[57],"increased":[58],"cooperation":[59,93],"over":[60],"trials;":[61],"other":[62],"decreased":[64],"cooperation.":[65],"After":[66],"playing":[67],"PPD":[69,116],"(PD)":[79],"each":[82,128],"other.":[83,129],"PD":[86,125,155],"game,":[87,156],"began":[89],"cooperating":[90],"moderately":[91],"but":[92],"deteriorated":[94],"regardless":[95,166],"what":[97],"strategy":[100],"had":[101],"been":[102],"earlier":[105],"game.":[107],"second":[110],"experiment,":[111],"again":[113],"experimenter":[120],"then":[122],"Half":[130],"one":[132],"trial":[133],"at":[134,150],"time":[136],"while":[142],"half":[143],"patterns":[146],"four":[148],"trials":[149,159,176],"time.":[152],"patterning":[157,174],"retarded":[160],"development":[162],"mutual":[164],"defection":[165],"previous":[168],"experience.":[169],"The":[170],"cooperation-preserving":[171],"effect":[172],"this":[178],"social":[179],"task":[180],"is":[181],"compared":[182],"similar":[184],"effects":[185],"on":[186],"individual":[187],"tasks":[188],"involving":[189],"self-control":[190],"risk-aversion.":[192],"\u00a9":[193],"1998":[194],"John":[195],"Wiley":[196],"&":[197],"Sons,":[198],"Ltd.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}