{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016143154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895807085870","title":"Community penalties and Home Office research","display_name":"Community penalties and Home Office research","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016143154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895807085870","mag":"2016143154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1748895807085870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895807085870","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895807085870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207164304","display_name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","issn_l":"1748-8958","issn":["1748-8958","1748-8966"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054770289","display_name":"Peter Raynor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2628-3489","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2628-3489"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter Raynor","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wales, Swansea, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wales, Swansea, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054770289"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":56.1133,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99725845,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"73","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.8833000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.8833000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10318","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","score":0.08900000154972076,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12010","display_name":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-penalties","display_name":"community penalties","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-sentences","display_name":"community sentences","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offender-management","display_name":"offender management","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-methodology","display_name":"evaluation methodology","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-management","display_name":"information management","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779019381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3499564","display_name":"Relocation","level":2,"score":0.7511171102523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.5697750449180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136815107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154242","display_name":"Nothing","level":2,"score":0.5382229089736938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49280932545661926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.48253414034843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4571925699710846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.44600948691368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107","display_name":"Section (typography)","level":2,"score":0.41693830490112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3840046525001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3062021732330322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2813192307949066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.22302401065826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2219182550907135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.19237187504768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.16569799184799194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1653689742088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1748895807085870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895807085870","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895807085870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207164304","display_name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","issn_l":"1748-8958","issn":["1748-8958","1748-8966"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W605221799","https://openalex.org/W612793006","https://openalex.org/W636805213","https://openalex.org/W647417045","https://openalex.org/W651806608","https://openalex.org/W1490385729","https://openalex.org/W1492477749","https://openalex.org/W1545253101","https://openalex.org/W1551505276","https://openalex.org/W1566312095","https://openalex.org/W1607986326","https://openalex.org/W1997394237","https://openalex.org/W2006139649","https://openalex.org/W2014643107","https://openalex.org/W2022790128","https://openalex.org/W2060823110","https://openalex.org/W2067201311","https://openalex.org/W2080204300","https://openalex.org/W2084544026","https://openalex.org/W2107606183","https://openalex.org/W2118538111","https://openalex.org/W2133109104","https://openalex.org/W2135312516","https://openalex.org/W2136377729","https://openalex.org/W2147536170","https://openalex.org/W2165248467","https://openalex.org/W2359199775","https://openalex.org/W2465669170","https://openalex.org/W2490304738","https://openalex.org/W2515601990","https://openalex.org/W2531133052","https://openalex.org/W2547862887","https://openalex.org/W2585244172","https://openalex.org/W2586902981","https://openalex.org/W2798277153","https://openalex.org/W2902846066","https://openalex.org/W2943064110","https://openalex.org/W2971099980","https://openalex.org/W3206729734","https://openalex.org/W4244578100","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301869951"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095095414","https://openalex.org/W2554464925","https://openalex.org/W622504368","https://openalex.org/W851210792","https://openalex.org/W597940841","https://openalex.org/W3041079851","https://openalex.org/W578277507","https://openalex.org/W2599676230","https://openalex.org/W598575283","https://openalex.org/W2496013330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,87],"article":[1],"discusses":[2],"recent":[3,37],"research":[4,62],"on":[5],"community":[6,93],"penalties":[7],"in":[8,12,54,63],"the":[9,14,17,27,42,55,58],"UK,":[10],"and":[11,22,66,98],"particular":[13],"contribution":[15],"of":[16,41,49,57,60,84,92],"Home":[18],"Office":[19],"Research,":[20],"Development":[21],"Statistics":[23],"division":[24],"(of":[25],"which":[26,95],"relevant":[28],"section":[29],"is":[30,68],"now":[31],"known":[32],"as":[33,39],"RDS-NOMS":[34],"following":[35],"its":[36],"relocation":[38],"part":[40],"National":[43],"Offender":[44],"Management":[45],"Service).":[46],"Current":[47],"statements":[48],"methodological":[50,85],"preference":[51],"are":[52],"discussed":[53],"light":[56],"history":[59],"evaluative":[61],"this":[64],"field,":[65],"it":[67],"suggested":[69],"that":[70,109],"a":[71,103,107],"perceived":[72],"need":[73],"for":[74],"information":[75],"management":[76],"may":[77],"be":[78],"leading":[79],"to":[80],"an":[81],"unhelpful":[82],"narrowing":[83],"choices.":[86],"approach":[88],"risks":[89],"neglecting":[90],"features":[91],"sentences":[94],"require":[96],"investigation,":[97],"at":[99],"worst":[100],"could":[101],"encourage":[102],"drift":[104],"back":[105],"towards":[106],"belief":[108],"`nothing":[110],"works'.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}