{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016135140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","title":"Spontaneous current generation in cosmic strings","display_name":"Spontaneous current generation in cosmic strings","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016135140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","mag":"2016135140","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10016816"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190737","display_name":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields","issn_l":"0556-2821","issn":["0556-2821","1089-4918","1538-4500","1550-2368","1550-7998"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review D","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9312280","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026732461","display_name":"Patrick Peter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7136-8326","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7136-8326"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800004676","display_name":"Observatoire de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/029nkcm90","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I2800004676"]}],"countries":["FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Peter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Silver Street, Cambridge CB3 9EW, United Kingdom","D\u00e9partement d\u2019Astrophysique Relativiste et de Cosmologie, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, UPR 176 CNRS, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France","D\u00e9partement d'Astrophysique Relativiste et de Cosmologie, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, UPR 176 CNRS, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Silver Street, Cambridge CB3 9EW, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement d\u2019Astrophysique Relativiste et de Cosmologie, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, UPR 176 CNRS, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2800004676"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement d'Astrophysique Relativiste et de Cosmologie, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, UPR 176 CNRS, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2800004676"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026732461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I2800004676"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3111,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87821735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"10","first_page":"5052","last_page":"5062"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.7875999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.7875999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.11819999665021896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-strings","display_name":"cosmic strings","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroweak-theory","display_name":"electroweak theory","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lorentz-violation","display_name":"Lorentz violation","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/w-boson-mass","display_name":"W boson mass","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fine-structure-constant","display_name":"fine-structure constant","score":0.9559999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170442971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431196","display_name":"Cosmic string","level":3,"score":0.9457257986068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17863212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466416","display_name":"Electroweak interaction","level":2,"score":0.8388593196868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8193809986114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.541566789150238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.5204792022705078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101454708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106019","display_name":"Standard Model (mathematical formulation)","level":3,"score":0.49166494607925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.43478843569755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.4247766435146332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5667645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217255","display_name":"Lorentz transformation","level":2,"score":0.4136466979980469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3737177848815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.36805206537246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40976572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2330873","display_name":"Gauge (firearms)","level":2,"score":0.16575804352760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.15577426552772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.49.5052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190737","display_name":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields","issn_l":"0556-2821","issn":["0556-2821","1089-4918","1538-4500","1550-2368","1550-7998"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review D","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10016816","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10016816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review. D, Particles and fields","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:hep-ph/9312280","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9312280","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9312280","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:256397","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/256397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9312280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9312280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9312280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:hep-ph/9312280","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9312280","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9312280","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153103325","https://openalex.org/W1512378173","https://openalex.org/W1514470880","https://openalex.org/W1611415442","https://openalex.org/W1856025046","https://openalex.org/W1967018628","https://openalex.org/W1967064548","https://openalex.org/W1968881092","https://openalex.org/W1970571200","https://openalex.org/W1971996216","https://openalex.org/W1972379911","https://openalex.org/W1972773270","https://openalex.org/W1974762611","https://openalex.org/W1974848915","https://openalex.org/W1974913572","https://openalex.org/W1975303820","https://openalex.org/W1976315279","https://openalex.org/W1978779765","https://openalex.org/W1980435004","https://openalex.org/W1981845108","https://openalex.org/W1982730097","https://openalex.org/W1983493166","https://openalex.org/W1984151713","https://openalex.org/W1985414904","https://openalex.org/W1991912816","https://openalex.org/W1993989824","https://openalex.org/W1998219473","https://openalex.org/W2008373468","https://openalex.org/W2008538554","https://openalex.org/W2033594507","https://openalex.org/W2034224352","https://openalex.org/W2034357417","https://openalex.org/W2036099085","https://openalex.org/W2039326276","https://openalex.org/W2045089335","https://openalex.org/W2046193534","https://openalex.org/W2047797398","https://openalex.org/W2052041289","https://openalex.org/W2058146428","https://openalex.org/W2059946282","https://openalex.org/W2065350565","https://openalex.org/W2066912931","https://openalex.org/W2070151728","https://openalex.org/W2073789022","https://openalex.org/W2075398532","https://openalex.org/W2076441389","https://openalex.org/W2076869378","https://openalex.org/W2078723896","https://openalex.org/W2081122760","https://openalex.org/W2083085807","https://openalex.org/W2085986212","https://openalex.org/W2087561041","https://openalex.org/W2089698012","https://openalex.org/W2092463853","https://openalex.org/W2093257208","https://openalex.org/W2093980094","https://openalex.org/W2104509134","https://openalex.org/W2110208547","https://openalex.org/W2118733778","https://openalex.org/W2130012084","https://openalex.org/W2134778866","https://openalex.org/W2137315277","https://openalex.org/W2138036947","https://openalex.org/W2142768579","https://openalex.org/W2165737804","https://openalex.org/W2166695359","https://openalex.org/W2175794175","https://openalex.org/W2232211897","https://openalex.org/W2232454336","https://openalex.org/W2328537435","https://openalex.org/W2598127509","https://openalex.org/W4211247850","https://openalex.org/W4231327316","https://openalex.org/W4231909063","https://openalex.org/W4235496065","https://openalex.org/W4242843292","https://openalex.org/W4246104703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036099085","https://openalex.org/W2068238082","https://openalex.org/W1614481415","https://openalex.org/W2164061854","https://openalex.org/W1599085024","https://openalex.org/W4298059663","https://openalex.org/W1645839225","https://openalex.org/W1999815618","https://openalex.org/W2149924453","https://openalex.org/W3110651120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,44,51,75],"shown":[2,53],"that":[3],"in":[4,29,46],"a":[5],"simple":[6],"cosmic-string-forming":[7],"extension":[8],"of":[9,19,35,88],"the":[10,20,33,57,61,70,86,89,95],"standard":[11],"electroweak":[12],"theory":[13],"and":[14,77,94],"for":[15,69],"some":[16],"particular":[17],"values":[18],"underlying":[21],"parameters,":[22],"electric":[23,40],"currents":[24],"can":[25],"be":[26],"spontaneously":[27,56],"generated":[28],"cosmic":[30],"strings,":[31],"without":[32],"need":[34],"any":[36],"external":[37],"field":[38],"(e.g.,":[39],"or":[41],"magnetic)":[42],"as":[43],"required":[45],"most":[47],"models.":[48],"This":[49],"mechanism":[50],"then":[52],"to":[54,72,79,82],"break":[55],"Lorentz":[58],"invariance":[59],"along":[60],"initially":[62],"Goto-Nambu":[63],"string.":[64],"The":[65],"characteristic":[66],"time":[67],"needed":[68],"current":[71],"build":[73],"up":[74],"estimated":[76],"found":[78],"lowest":[80],"order":[81],"depend":[83],"only":[84],"on":[85],"mass":[87],"intermediate":[90],"W":[91],"vector":[92],"boson":[93],"fine":[96],"structure":[97],"constant.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
