{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016005409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","title":"Electromagnetic traps for charged and neutral particles","display_name":"Electromagnetic traps for charged and neutral particles","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016005409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","mag":"2016005409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73260565","display_name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","issn_l":"0034-6861","issn":["0034-6861","1538-4527","1539-0756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047727282","display_name":"Wolfgang Paul","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physikalisches Institut, Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Bonn, Germany","Physikalisches Institut, Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Bonn (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physikalisches Institut, Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physikalisches Institut, Universit\u00e4t Bonn, Bonn (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047727282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1564,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98021071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"3","first_page":"531","last_page":"540"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.24160000681877136,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.24160000681877136,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.16329999268054962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10425","display_name":"Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates","score":0.16200000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-traps","display_name":"electromagnetic traps","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charged-particle-trapping","display_name":"charged particle trapping","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-trap","display_name":"ion trap","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-trap","display_name":"magnetic trap","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-confinement","display_name":"particle confinement","score":0.3919999897480011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.9564481973648071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35048267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587553","display_name":"Charged particle","level":3,"score":0.5076314210891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.4624491035938263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.3528674840927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.21751099824905396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1536136269569397}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.62.531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73260565","display_name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","issn_l":"0034-6861","issn":["0034-6861","1538-4527","1539-0756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews of Modern Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3829115","https://openalex.org/W1495574256","https://openalex.org/W1981285041","https://openalex.org/W1986411012","https://openalex.org/W2005163609","https://openalex.org/W2006491280","https://openalex.org/W2009917336","https://openalex.org/W2016222163","https://openalex.org/W2027334728","https://openalex.org/W2037347405","https://openalex.org/W2044305145","https://openalex.org/W2049733513","https://openalex.org/W2065633745","https://openalex.org/W2066015423","https://openalex.org/W2068221399","https://openalex.org/W2073203446","https://openalex.org/W2077295501","https://openalex.org/W2081572669","https://openalex.org/W2095459601","https://openalex.org/W2158279439","https://openalex.org/W2321149123","https://openalex.org/W3022806702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2028206802","https://openalex.org/W2528607410","https://openalex.org/W3125738789"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":74},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":81},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":66},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":59}],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}