{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015712980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30612","title":"Lubricated and Non-Lubricated Cone Penetrometer Performance Comparison in Six Soils","display_name":"Lubricated and Non-Lubricated Cone Penetrometer Performance Comparison in Six Soils","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015712980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30612","mag":"2015712980"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.13031/2013.30612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169753","display_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","issn_l":"0001-2351","issn":["0001-2351","2151-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021790645","display_name":"Ernest William Tollner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7143-5912","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7143-5912"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernest W. Tollner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111649657","display_name":"Brahm P. Verma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brahm P. Verma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23152425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"6","first_page":"1611","last_page":"1618"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.6460000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.6460000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11978","display_name":"Soil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics","score":0.18629999458789825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.10849999636411667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone-penetrometer","display_name":"cone penetrometer","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone-index","display_name":"cone index","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-relaxation","display_name":"stress relaxation","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone-angle","display_name":"cone angle","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone-size","display_name":"cone size","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-compaction","display_name":"soil compaction","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture","display_name":"soil moisture","score":0.9390000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780830269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902845","display_name":"Penetrometer","level":3,"score":0.9725773334503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113578266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131303","display_name":"Loam","level":3,"score":0.6659715175628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30014739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159445","display_name":"Cone (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.6647800803184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6635921001434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.6416971683502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196715460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414356","display_name":"Compaction","level":2,"score":0.5608406662940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.5603123307228088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.5134912133216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.4927535355091095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4546634554862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43404048681259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.41337424516677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.24262771010398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.21587011218070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14570587873458862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.13031/2013.30612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169753","display_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","issn_l":"0001-2351","issn":["0001-2351","2151-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the ASAE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1674586061","https://openalex.org/W1967586212","https://openalex.org/W2042935699","https://openalex.org/W2576481158","https://openalex.org/W7218332676","https://openalex.org/W7220972018","https://openalex.org/W586145296","https://openalex.org/W2024966625","https://openalex.org/W2064968643","https://openalex.org/W2188532338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"LUBRICATED":[1],"cone":[2,8,26,41,75,78,91],"penetrometers":[3,9,72],"were":[4,28,44],"compared":[5],"with":[6,16,103],"non-lubricated":[7,71],"in":[10,46],"the":[11,90,97,116],"laboratory":[12],"using":[13],"six":[14],"soils":[15,48],"textures":[17],"ranging":[18],"from":[19],"sands":[20],"to":[21,36,112,115],"loams.":[22],"Effects":[23],"of":[24,82,99,101,107,118],"varying":[25],"angles":[27],"studied":[29],"at":[30,49],"three":[31,47,50],"compaction":[32,51],"levels":[33,52],"and":[34,53,70,77,87],"up":[35],"four":[37],"moisture":[38,56],"levels.":[39,57],"Additionally,":[40],"size":[42],"effects":[43],"evaluated":[45],"two":[54],"soil":[55],"The":[58,105],"Cone":[59],"Index":[60],"(CI)":[61],"vs":[62],"penetration":[63],"depth":[64],"was":[65,85],"determined":[66],"for":[67,73,126],"both":[68],"lubricated":[69],"each":[74],"angle":[76],"size.":[79],"A":[80],"concept":[81],"stress":[83,108],"relaxation":[84,109],"developed":[86],"evaluated.":[88],"Lubricating":[89],"had":[92],"a":[93],"substantial":[94],"effect":[95],"on":[96],"rate":[98,117],"change":[100],"CI":[102,119],"depth.":[104],"level":[106],"also":[110],"appeared":[111],"be":[113],"related":[114],"change.":[120],"Results":[121],"identify":[122],"several":[123],"new":[124],"directions":[125],"future":[127],"research.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}