{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015454804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000045083","title":"Muscle Metabolism in Uremia and the Effect of Amino Acid Supplementation","display_name":"Muscle Metabolism in Uremia and the Effect of Amino Acid Supplementation","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015454804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000045083","mag":"2015454804","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9689153"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000045083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000045083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000045083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917655","display_name":"The Nephron journals/Nephron journals","issn_l":"1660-8151","issn":["1660-8151","2235-3186"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nephron","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047871584","display_name":"Patricia Van der Niepen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-1580","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-1580"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. van der Niepen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renal Unit and","Vrije Universiteit Brussel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renal Unit and","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019318322","display_name":"Sophie Allein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Allein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical MR Unit, University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical MR Unit, University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113528459","display_name":"Dierik L. Verbeelen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Verbeelen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renal Unit and","Vrije Universiteit Brussel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renal Unit and","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2785,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56252957,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"4","first_page":"387","last_page":"398"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10291","display_name":"Dialysis and Renal Disease Management","score":0.9297000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10291","display_name":"Dialysis and Renal Disease Management","score":0.9297000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11399","display_name":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","score":0.053700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10858","display_name":"Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology","score":0.009100000374019146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uremic-myopathy","display_name":"uremic myopathy","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-metabolism","display_name":"muscle metabolism","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acid-supplementation","display_name":"amino acid supplementation","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"chronic kidney disease","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-stage-renal-disease","display_name":"end-stage renal disease","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-muscle-fiber-types","display_name":"skeletal muscle fiber types","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/31p-nmr-spectroscopy","display_name":"31P NMR","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-ambulatory-peritoneal-dialysis","display_name":"continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodialysis","display_name":"hemodialysis","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-fatigue","display_name":"muscle fatigue","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-atrophy","display_name":"muscle atrophy","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-balance","display_name":"nitrogen balance","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anemia","display_name":"anemia","score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-acidosis","display_name":"metabolic acidosis","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.4410000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776635150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13365776","display_name":"Uremia","level":2,"score":0.7633122205734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7195716500282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7148846983909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.6850662231445312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779246250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1598200","display_name":"Metabolic acidosis","level":2,"score":0.5450561046600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778248108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5445","display_name":"Anemia","level":2,"score":0.4830256402492523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778654693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254327","display_name":"Anorexia","level":2,"score":0.47208070755004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778063415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391744","display_name":"Hemodialysis","level":2,"score":0.45929425954818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.4221235513687134}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000596","descriptor_name":"Amino Acids","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014511","descriptor_name":"Uremia","qualifier_ui":"Q000178","qualifier_name":"diet therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014511","descriptor_name":"Uremia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019587","descriptor_name":"Dietary Supplements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000045083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000045083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000045083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917655","display_name":"The Nephron journals/Nephron journals","issn_l":"1660-8151","issn":["1660-8151","2235-3186"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nephron","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9689153","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9689153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nephron","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:121816","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/muscle-metabolism-in-uremia-and-the-effect-of-amino-acid-supplementation(fe633dfc-cd8c-4520-8ddc-8c164738cd6e).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:12398","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/muscle-metabolism-in-uremia-and-the-effect-of-amino-acid-supplementation(91d749bc-7e7c-4ecf-8eb9-e3f6fe4da72e).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":143,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51873545","https://openalex.org/W89568697","https://openalex.org/W108082951","https://openalex.org/W162322253","https://openalex.org/W167121515","https://openalex.org/W207408070","https://openalex.org/W260982278","https://openalex.org/W1177541621","https://openalex.org/W1562333837","https://openalex.org/W1863103714","https://openalex.org/W1879219864","https://openalex.org/W1880614720","https://openalex.org/W1895352613","https://openalex.org/W1909392754","https://openalex.org/W1917637052","https://openalex.org/W1935064934","https://openalex.org/W1963523577","https://openalex.org/W1963531000","https://openalex.org/W1966056105","https://openalex.org/W1966617952","https://openalex.org/W1968267475","https://openalex.org/W1969066316","https://openalex.org/W1971979157","https://openalex.org/W1972102453","https://openalex.org/W1975116315","https://openalex.org/W1975186635","https://openalex.org/W1975188099","https://openalex.org/W1976451253","https://openalex.org/W1976713062","https://openalex.org/W1977404060","https://openalex.org/W1979642207","https://openalex.org/W1979902227","https://openalex.org/W1979920293","https://openalex.org/W1980363720","https://openalex.org/W1983523234","https://openalex.org/W1985774042","https://openalex.org/W1987957296","https://openalex.org/W1995286167","https://openalex.org/W1995566255","https://openalex.org/W1997860322","https://openalex.org/W2002691808","https://openalex.org/W2007685359","https://openalex.org/W2008383636","https://openalex.org/W2008500413","https://openalex.org/W2009530744","https://openalex.org/W2011483528","https://openalex.org/W2019471319","https://openalex.org/W2019891420","https://openalex.org/W2020005804","https://openalex.org/W2021496976","https://openalex.org/W2024227779","https://openalex.org/W2026965239","https://openalex.org/W2026981468","https://openalex.org/W2028319677","https://openalex.org/W2029074909","https://openalex.org/W2029135630","https://openalex.org/W2030487871","https://openalex.org/W2032253382","https://openalex.org/W2034958301","https://openalex.org/W2037558340","https://openalex.org/W2038833653","https://openalex.org/W2045659128","https://openalex.org/W2051100223","https://openalex.org/W2052096300","https://openalex.org/W2052230682","https://openalex.org/W2052698085","https://openalex.org/W2054464682","https://openalex.org/W2054815957","https://openalex.org/W2058860879","https://openalex.org/W2058985221","https://openalex.org/W2059291167","https://openalex.org/W2063859567","https://openalex.org/W2067794232","https://openalex.org/W2068827541","https://openalex.org/W2070386557","https://openalex.org/W2074902791","https://openalex.org/W2075043838","https://openalex.org/W2078022162","https://openalex.org/W2078208948","https://openalex.org/W2079840078","https://openalex.org/W2081385953","https://openalex.org/W2085986991","https://openalex.org/W2086748929","https://openalex.org/W2087104650","https://openalex.org/W2087511626","https://openalex.org/W2087884630","https://openalex.org/W2088330186","https://openalex.org/W2088618511","https://openalex.org/W2088670766","https://openalex.org/W2092242671","https://openalex.org/W2092397556","https://openalex.org/W2092401403","https://openalex.org/W2094911661","https://openalex.org/W2096523173","https://openalex.org/W2096769819","https://openalex.org/W2097109426","https://openalex.org/W2103935204","https://openalex.org/W2106867463","https://openalex.org/W2111219888","https://openalex.org/W2129533522","https://openalex.org/W2129538007","https://openalex.org/W2132199691","https://openalex.org/W2134109634","https://openalex.org/W2136656463","https://openalex.org/W2142341955","https://openalex.org/W2146854188","https://openalex.org/W2148305832","https://openalex.org/W2153190954","https://openalex.org/W2159236607","https://openalex.org/W2165630567","https://openalex.org/W2175727897","https://openalex.org/W2186120205","https://openalex.org/W2220223668","https://openalex.org/W2254334060","https://openalex.org/W2259322581","https://openalex.org/W2265172023","https://openalex.org/W2277560415","https://openalex.org/W2277834501","https://openalex.org/W2302439275","https://openalex.org/W2306428189","https://openalex.org/W2336679454","https://openalex.org/W2338460210","https://openalex.org/W2394966499","https://openalex.org/W2397324469","https://openalex.org/W2401327214","https://openalex.org/W2409752538","https://openalex.org/W2410595046","https://openalex.org/W2410984852","https://openalex.org/W2411343859","https://openalex.org/W2411962263","https://openalex.org/W2412377437","https://openalex.org/W2413172765","https://openalex.org/W2414803274","https://openalex.org/W2414852022","https://openalex.org/W2417441456","https://openalex.org/W2418475827","https://openalex.org/W2419092325","https://openalex.org/W2419529218","https://openalex.org/W2425281255","https://openalex.org/W2436925594","https://openalex.org/W2519278907","https://openalex.org/W4296947845","https://openalex.org/W4300810293"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145969129","https://openalex.org/W2254334060","https://openalex.org/W1980849072","https://openalex.org/W2410950943","https://openalex.org/W2045659128","https://openalex.org/W2086748929","https://openalex.org/W1895352613","https://openalex.org/W2096523173","https://openalex.org/W2130639702","https://openalex.org/W2171269858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fatigue":[0],"and":[1,16,24,32,37,117,121,126,167,181,226,241,277,321,327,473,519,538,603,606,616,644,654,676,709,743,774,836,843,869,878,883,889,926,1021,1032,1056,1108,1141,1258,1266,1298,1344,1348,1420,1451,1486,1497,1501,1543,1560,1605,1621,1631,1650,1661,1712,1748,1751,1856,1858,1867,1887,1916,1956,1986,2048,2077,2083,2099,2106,2113,2131,2168,2192,2221,2249,2251,2257,2262,2270,2360,2392,2418,2466,2481,2485,2491,2546,2548,2561,2564,2585,2609,2685,2790,2834,2856,2868,2894,2923,2958,2987,3007,3099,3122,3187,3193,3199,3202,3210,3336,3346,3398,3428,3454,3469,3497,3512,3519,3532,3545,3586,3602,3612,3622,3760,3779,3875,3905,3977,4044,4073,4078,4110,4117,4122,4156,4186,4191,4277,4349,4373,4414,4449,4506,4514,4634,4643,4655,4699,4715,4748,4813,4821,4838,4841,4866,4897,4965,4997,5069,5154,5174,5187,5205,5256,5308,5320,5337,5367,5394,5409,5420,5489,5515,5519,5533,5761,5772,5783,5787,5805,5814,5836,5838,5877],"reduced":[2,831,1071,1225,2631,2765,3927],"exercise":[3,605,829,880,1301,5876],"capacity":[4,982,1399,1429],"are":[5,233,309,482,500,648,750,993,1288,1462,1659,1723,1876,1884,1893,2232,2319,2686,2698,3124,3381,3476,3594,3608,3625,3720,3758,3772,4103,4152,4309,4323,4618,4644,5025,5158,5228,5334,5504],"frequent":[6],"complaints":[7],"of":[8,61,75,114,179,191,221,266,364,378,426,431,445,470,474,478,495,534,549,562,572,599,610,613,625,642,697,712,719,728,765,769,777,799,861,944,956,970,988,1002,1016,1030,1139,1146,1151,1190,1198,1209,1219,1234,1274,1284,1341,1354,1364,1396,1407,1430,1480,1494,1499,1505,1552,1675,1679,1721,1826,1842,1854,1874,1882,1890,1906,1929,1942,1946,1952,1975,1991,2001,2022,2044,2054,2081,2111,2129,2149,2162,2181,2276,2329,2331,2336,2348,2357,2394,2444,2454,2493,2531,2555,2589,2595,2603,2613,2665,2706,2716,2797,2815,2831,2837,2870,2873,2879,2892,2946,2952,2969,3029,3082,3103,3116,3183,3208,3245,3258,3354,3378,3408,3413,3451,3528,3549,3563,3589,3617,3635,3642,3672,3678,3687,3694,3756,3761,3795,3800,3880,3901,3915,3938,3983,4000,4025,4042,4065,4108,4148,4183,4195,4215,4218,4233,4241,4252,4257,4352,4385,4424,4446,4462,4479,4482,4492,4503,4553,4630,4670,4685,4722,4798,4827,4854,4857,4864,4869,4887,4892,4895,4918,4956,4979,4990,4995,5000,5007,5030,5040,5047,5056,5086,5108,5113,5115,5138,5144,5163,5184,5195,5202,5216,5234,5254,5260,5284,5298,5330,5376,5475,5483,5486,5497,5548,5565,5569,5640,5669,5701,5720,5728,5741,5758,5763,5776,5863,5869,5875,5886],"patients":[9,165,169,257,627,812,854,868,909,950,1051,1065,1250,1329,1392,1516,1545,1624,1644,1655,1783,1832,1909,1976,2067,2461,2659,2708,2734,2745,2753,2780,2794,2887,2914,2927,3015,3077,3132,3137,3146,3364,3777,3945,3962,3994,4058,4176,4206,4380,4410,4416,4448,4468,4542,4599,4637,4677,4783,4907,5022,5074,5090,5393,5580,5594,5616,5633,5680,5902],"with":[10,147,170,197,208,259,337,452,488,1175,1262,1351,1517,1568,1610,1910,2027,2035,2059,2073,2202,2210,2407,2462,2542,2660,2785,2889,2916,3016,3036,3058,3078,3135,3144,3158,3215,3275,3332,3383,3404,3508,3566,3574,4031,4083,4134,4177,4247,4307,4311,4418,4469,4543,4614,4627,4713,4765,4931,4946,5120,5192,5231,5241,5277,5466,5508,5525,5598,5619,5681,5686],"advanced":[11,4234,4470,4544],"chronic":[12,148,1632,3017,3130,4530],"renal":[13,18,800,853,891,1005,1749,2060,2204,2782,2788,2947,4026,4066,4184,4235],"failure":[14,2205,4027],"(CRF)":[15],"end-stage":[17],"disease":[19,4185],"(ESRD)":[20],"[1,":[21],"2].":[22],"Anorexia":[23],"low":[25,1027,1322,1809,2828,3759,4128],"nutritional":[26,202,228,1967,4076,4406,4656,5288],"intake,":[27],"anemia,":[28],"metabolic":[29,122,823,1132,1153,1677,1701,2055,2124,2142,2309,2377,2384,2866,5355],"acidosis,":[30,3682],"endocrine":[31,2881],"amino":[33],"acid":[34],"(AA)":[35],"abnormalities":[36,1154,2453,2902,2968,3028,3055,3064,3115,3599,3771,4009,4151,4571],"a":[38,73,289,361,440,503,516,521,570,578,651,732,802,830,973,978,984,998,1081,1113,1136,1176,1232,1333,1405,1584,1700,1745,1753,1790,1815,1963,2018,2279,2283,2292,2427,2523,2576,2600,2724,2736,2747,2764,2812,2989,3037,3176,3255,3273,3297,3309,3322,3479,3538,3567,3575,3639,3659,3733,3767,3859,3881,3926,3948,3972,4049,4127,4163,4226,4248,4369,4421,4463,4473,4489,4547,4590,4601,4649,4671,4683,4719,4785,4862,4902,4916,4935,4953,5092,5178,5232,5250,5278,5327,5386,5432,5439,5448,5467,5509,5526,5534,5546,5555,5570,5641,5655,5699,5729,5769],"sedentary":[39],"life-style":[40],"have":[41,288,849,872,1579,1645,1804,1962,2013,2017,2091,2133,2568,2735,2746,2906,2972,3416,3521,4376,4381,4762,5222],"all":[42,424,1319,1573,2910,2934,3184,3626,4527,4957],"been":[43,92,215,850,873,1203,1536,1564,1580,1595,1805,1899,1959,2014,2092,2136,2198,2538,2569,2852,2858,2907,2973,3073,3172,3240,3417,3522,3572,3743,4173,4430,4763,5063,5223,5704,5848],"linked":[44],"to":[45,66,199,387,398,401,565,630,691,714,781,791,820,875,906,967,1074,1117,1135,1184,1229,1425,1532,1582,1597,1615,1684,1693,1744,1752,1757,1786,1789,1807,1901,1923,1961,2016,2070,2278,2367,2422,2502,2606,2711,2860,2939,2943,3049,3067,3105,3153,3249,3294,3296,3524,3533,3710,3745,3766,3891,3925,3952,3956,3989,3996,4011,4179,4187,4327,4404,4439,4561,4621,4662,4741,4757,4779,4912,4929,4986,5011,5065,5339,5362,5396,5447,5472,5613,5714,5717,5725,5735,5768,5859,5893],"this":[46,218,509,1606,3328,4435,4568,5696,5711],"muscle":[47,87,104,112,135,247,264,273,280,394,427,446,454,456,491,510,634,637,665,804,837,848,865,895,912,980,991,1170,1235,1295,1346,1556,1599,1945,1980,2008,2101,2150,2305,2347,2373,2398,2424,2429,2436,2450,2474,2494,2559,2566,2579,2594,2607,2632,2636,3123,3228,3318,3514,3529,3692,3936,4114,4118,4140,4336,4425,4573,4701,5041,5098,5109,5155,5175,5207,5366,5540,5629,5645,5662,5742,5760,5777,5880,5888,5890],"problem,":[48],"indicating":[49,3321,3947,4145],"its":[50],"multifactorial":[51],"origin":[52],"[3,":[53],"4,":[54],"5,":[55],"6,":[56],"7].Although":[57],"the":[58,174,201,271,278,345,376,393,413,485,489,493,496,512,525,529,532,550,559,597,608,611,626,640,695,710,717,744,751,763,766,792,797,821,862,894,907,911,931,942,954,968,1011,1017,1102,1118,1131,1144,1152,1164,1207,1272,1281,1289,1306,1311,1365,1416,1428,1442,1478,1491,1495,1503,1539,1676,1697,1704,1801,1851,1880,1888,1920,1939,1989,1992,1999,2002,2095,2100,2108,2127,2147,2160,2166,2179,2185,2211,2226,2285,2290,2303,2313,2316,2327,2332,2337,2343,2355,2358,2371,2383,2388,2395,2412,2445,2478,2482,2489,2506,2512,2527,2582,2587,2618,2646,2694,2703,2804,2808,2816,2845,2874,2897,2936,2944,2956,3026,3053,3080,3101,3106,3111,3128,3149,3180,3185,3212,3216,3224,3243,3250,3259,3285,3288,3290,3313,3357,3372,3376,3384,3393,3396,3399,3405,3409,3445,3457,3526,3547,3561,3587,3592,3597,3605,3615,3618,3690,3728,3738,3796,3801,3814,3824,3838,3873,3899,3906,3913,3932,3935,3957,3984,3997,4003,4018,4037,4040,4057,4106,4149,4181,4216,4231,4255,4279,4289,4350,4440,4443,4447,4451,4454,4480,4501,4504,4550,4622,4641,4686,4692,4723,4742,4752,4796,4828,4885,4893,4898,4913,4921,4940,4948,4958,4962,4982,4987,4991,4993,4998,5001,5008,5012,5018,5028,5054,5106,5121,5136,5182,5200,5214,5238,5282,5331,5374,5377,5404,5494,5498,5563,5638,5667,5718,5721,5726,5739,5780,5793,5797,5811,5827,5839,5860,5864,5870,5873,5884],"exact":[59],"etiology":[60,4064],"uremic":[62,330,826,1366,1540,1603,1618,1782,1947,2066,2117,2533,2596,2793,2841,2911,2926,3131,3844,3911,3943,4189,4413,5749],"myopathy":[63,2535],"remains":[64,4259,5423],"unclear":[65],"date":[67],"[8],":[68],"most":[69,1249,4147,4359,5316,5378],"authors":[70],"agree":[71],"that":[72,402,1078,1823,2141,2206,2364,2702,2732,2743,2755,3075,3100,3174,3307,3342,3583,3655,3855,4146,4157,4225,4270,4304,4378,4549,5082,5135,5326,5458,5628,5654,5754],"disorder":[74],"muscle-cell":[76],"energy":[77,89,136,1166,1291,1417,2695,2704,2739,4035,4280,5060,5342,5479],"metabolism":[78,90,113,240,294,302,436,457,1236,2563,2848,3081,3616,4732],"is":[79,143,152,206,335,437,450,574,657,666,684,699,723,779,796,809,1070,1088,1182,1308,1337,1349,1358,1433,1470,1473,1608,1664,1672,1683,1761,2140,2287,2354,2365,2432,2447,2475,2486,2500,2651,2709,2720,2776,2800,2961,3034,3047,3097,3108,3292,3359,3629,3658,3674,3725,3737,3793,3807,3821,3829,3841,3858,3877,3888,3896,3921,3940,3987,4053,4199,4287,4358,4399,4755,4775,5127,5210,5412,5454,5676,5691,5751,5800],"involved":[80,2320,2504,5737],"[9,":[81,101,855],"10].":[82,102],"In":[83,567,1035,1423,1653,1870,2621,2657,3370,3704,3752,3910,4245,4412,4497,4927,5020,5315,5545,5591],"these":[84,1377,3584,3643,3695,3718,4207,4321,5549],"patients,":[85,331,1037,1076,2679,3708,3845,3912,5650],"subnornal":[86],"oxidative":[88,669,706,735,756,838,1397],"has":[91,214,1201,1535,1563,1594,1898,1958,2197,2536,2851,2857,3071,3171,3239,3570,3742,4172,4429,5062,5091,5703,5713,5847],"documented":[93,353,2854],"by":[94,250,354,502,585,650,659,701,1010,1247,1310,1404,1441,1572,1696,1716,1726,1774,1997,2122,2153,2289,2324,2442,2477,2617,2762,2769,2896,2999,3008,3537,3546,3676,3681,3699,3823,4002,4017,4154,4162,4264,4333,4605,5017,5666],"phosphorus":[95],"nuclear":[96],"magnetic":[97],"resonance":[98],"(31P-NMR)":[99],"spectroscopy":[100,464,5671],"Altered":[103],"blood":[105,1127,1709],"flow":[106,1128,3102],"[11],":[107],"anemia":[108,182,1230,1243],"[7,":[109,124,1983,2086,2194],"12],":[110],"defective":[111,5363],"AAs":[115,222,261,1096,1843,1855,1994,2046,2132,2799,2817,2895,2954,3104,3214,3355,3380,3410,3453,3475,3590,4909,4980,5009,5225,5333,5503,5702],"[13]":[116,2826],"lipids":[118,1356,2157],"[14],":[119],"hormonal":[120],"imbalance":[123],"15]":[125],"insulin":[127,1440,1443,1469,1553,1587,1616,3711,3976,4273],"resistance":[128,1509,1588,1785],"[16]":[129],"may":[130,818,1039,1111,1129,1400,1510,1918,1933,2457,2669,2758,3024,3161,3441,4366,5856],"be":[131,388,399,459,542,556,621,876,965,1008,1095,1112,1239,1245,1402,1694,1808,1902,1934,2071,2184,2368,2440,2458,2503,2682,3050,3154,3162,3990,4160,4293,4367,4437,4511,4738,4882,5462,5708,5715,5736,5857],"responsible":[132,343,1338,1474,2369,3051,3163,3595,5744],"for":[133,292,300,344,688,734,754,997,1084,1293,1339,1414,1418,1475,1490,1502,2178,2236,2370,2449,2488,2510,2649,2677,2933,3052,3164,3191,3200,3596,3662,3786,3862,3898,4354,4805,4961,5168,5557,5695,5745],"impaired":[134,2611,3098,3998,4013],"production":[137,1193,2188,4281],"in":[138,154,161,168,173,252,371,404,439,448,476,484,492,528,545,628,633,663,677,786,811,825,847,852,866,887,890,901,904,919,928,930,938,948,1004,1059,1063,1068,1072,1104,1106,1109,1120,1163,1168,1178,1278,1326,1335,1361,1372,1379,1389,1435,1460,1538,1566,1586,1589,1602,1617,1622,1635,1638,1667,1691,1741,1755,1764,1781,1792,1810,1814,1830,1844,1861,1908,1931,1944,1969,2007,2037,2041,2057,2065,2116,2144,2155,2190,2200,2234,2282,2295,2308,2321,2346,2376,2397,2405,2415,2460,2472,2505,2515,2526,2540,2578,2581,2593,2599,2723,2779,2791,2818,2840,2849,2886,2903,2909,2913,2924,2941,2975,2979,3004,3013,3039,3076,3110,3120,3127,3133,3142,3226,3247,3316,3362,3367,3392,3491,3500,3591,3600,3610,3631,3665,3714,3727,3749,3775,3789,3804,3810,3831,3837,3843,3865,3872,3942,3960,3992,4061,4063,4068,4071,4075,4090,4120,4175,4197,4204,4220,4275,4408,4467,4486,4529,4540,4566,4572,4585,4597,4624,4632,4640,4675,4682,4707,4718,4730,4744,4769,4808,4915,4970,4981,5053,5071,5088,5123,5181,5293,5304,5312,5390,5406,5414,5416,5434,5441,5445,5464,5506,5513,5516,5523,5538,5577,5615,5631,5644,5647,5679,5738,5748,5803,5810,5829,5834,5841,5899],"uremia.":[139,3030,3805],"Poor":[140],"muscular":[141,187,239,333,346,421,1000,1254,1260,1362,1529,2513,2995,5034,5067,5746],"activity":[142,1058,2000,2161,2220,2588,2996],"almost":[144,667,4138],"always":[145,4201],"associated":[146,207,451,1350,1609,2072,3035,4030],"malnutrition.":[149,4211],"The":[150,189,382,443,726,816,858,962,995,1626,1718,1797,1926,1949,2119,2255,2379,2673,2741,2901,2950,3114,3206,3264,3283,3449,3553,3669,3885,3893,3980,4007,4193,4212,4610,4734,4968,4977,5111,5370,5481,5609,5854],"latter":[151,817,963,5610,5855],"seen":[153,1360,1565,1763,2189,2778,3959,4604,5531],"hemodialysis":[155,5820],"(HD)":[156],"[17]":[157],"as":[158,160,951,953,1024,1026,1123,1125,1231,1699,1730,2025,2326,3091,3093,3442,3604,3683,3697,3732,3817,4005,4056,4387,4389,4488,4835,5058,5477,5584,5586,5664],"well":[159,952,1025,1124,2853,3092,3443,5211,5229,5456,5585,5752],"peritoneal":[162,5822],"dialysis":[163,1046,1080,1544,2744,2756,2898,3159,3246,3260,3400,3564,3776,3866,4085,4100,4123,4789,4930,4996,5218,5791,5823],"(PD)":[164],"[18]":[166],"severe":[171],"CRF":[172,1654,2011,2400,2622,2661,3060,3079,3501,3993,4121,4178,4276,4308,4409,4471,4545],"predialysis":[175,2096,3386,5812],"state":[176,1167,3300,4989],"[19].":[177],"Correction":[178,2053,3686],"acidosis":[180,842,1978,2033,2056,2062,2125,2143,2182,2193,2310,2325,2385,2404,3688,5356],"can":[183,458,541,555,620,1007,1238,1244,1276,2439,4159,4881,5352],"only":[184,1277,1446,2811,3233,3739,4872,4938,5004,5104,5596,5617],"partly":[185],"improve":[186,4562,5066,5894],"weakness.":[188],"administration":[190,1145,1825,1951,4856,5085,5103,5137,5162,5283,5351,5372,5568],"growth":[192,1680,1732],"factors":[193,3023,5733],"shows":[194,4269],"promising":[195],"results":[196,761,1634,4612,4736],"regard":[198],"improving":[200],"status.":[203,229],"As":[204,2426],"uremia":[205,449,1590,1633,1871,1932,2145,2191,2850,3032,3632,3832,4485,4531,5755],"abnormal":[209,453,2266,2846,4032],"AA":[210,1387,1648,1657,2562,2847,2904,2970,3027,3054,3063,3094,3118,3167,3230,3388,3446,3577,3598,3636,4008,4046,4111,4141,4356,4419,4427,4455,4575,4587,4616,4688,4724,4767,4800,4830,4859,4870,4925,4944,4949,4973,5031,5242,5272,5300,5350,5380,5399,5407,5459,5476,5573,5659,5722,5788,5798,5807,5832,5865,5896],"metabolism,":[211],"much":[212,2683],"work":[213],"done":[216],"concerning":[217],"topic.":[219],"Supplementation":[220,3634],"improves":[223],"nitrogen":[224,1670,2023,2075,2671,3237,3265,3651,4515,4563,4653,5305,5318,5388,5410,5528,5830],"balance":[225,1671,2076,3238,3266,4516,4654,5306,5389,5411,5529],"possibly":[227,3954],"Little":[230],"data,":[231],"however,":[232,2680,3268,3581,4726],"available":[234,4104,5026],"on":[235,238,813,1554,1800,1966,1972,2382,2557,2781,3242,3272,3541,4105,4113,4126,4442,4450,4472,4546,4600,4652,4709,4905,5027,5033,5044,5095,5779,5792,5850,5879],"their":[236,614],"effect":[237,1551,1928,1965,3257,3540,4107,4256,4651,4666,4797,5094,5846,5874],"histology.":[242],"Recently":[243],"we":[244,5651],"reported":[245,1160,1204,1537,1737,1777,1806,2093,2539,2827,2974,3241,3341,3418,3988,4431,4539,4648,4764],"improved":[246,1149,2074,3650,4475,4823,5287,5661,5688],"function":[248,1067,1087,2492,2789,2872,2948,4119,5881,5891],"assessed":[249,4834,5665],"31P-NMR":[251,463,859,5670],"continuous":[253],"ambulatory":[254],"PD":[255,1391,2917,3145,3368,3460,5199,5901],"(CAPD)":[256],"treated":[258,2888,2915,4417,5597,5618,5685],"intraperitoneal":[260,5371,5499,5502,5567,5658],"[20].Human":[262],"skeletal":[263,664,1169,1294,1555,1845,1862,2473,2558,2565,2805,3227,3317,4335,5759],"consists":[265],"two":[267,3213,4099],"main":[268],"fiber":[269,340,395],"types:":[270],"slow-twitch":[272],"fibers":[274,281,287,299,308,374,385,428,447,1347,5042,5099,5118,5126,5189],"(type":[275,282],"I)":[276],"fast-twitch":[279,319],"II)":[283,328],"[21].":[284],"Type":[285],"I":[286,326,366,1343,1523,5097,5117,5149,5186],"high":[290,2524,2666,2835,3276,3347,3764,5279],"potential":[291,746],"aerobic":[293],"(prolonged":[295],"activity);":[296],"type":[297,306,313,325,338,365,372,379,383,396,1342,1522,4351,5096,5116,5124,5145,5148,5185],"II":[298,307,339],"anaerobic":[301,702,721,975],"(tire":[303],"easily).":[304],"These":[305,593,618,1092,1370,3770],"further":[310,5604],"divided":[311],"into":[312,1305,1477,3375,3456,5147,5365],"IIA":[314,373,1345,5125,5146,5188],"(\u223ctype":[315],"I),":[316],"IIB":[317,380],"(typical":[318],"fibers),":[320],"IIC":[322],"(intermediate":[323],"between":[324,1628,2094,2107,2955,3462,3974,4098],"fibers.In":[329],"diffuse":[332],"atrophy":[334,341,422,444,1261,1340,1363],"found":[336,392,2069],"being":[342,3467],"weakness":[347,1255,5068,5747],"[22].":[348],"This":[349,466,2434,3819,3853,4052],"was":[350,923,946,1383,2068,2997,3319,3330,4521,4603,4952,5190,5244,5542,5553,5634],"more":[351,924,1768,3125,3289,3298,3646,3773],"extensively":[352],"Clyne":[355],"et":[356,417,1157,1819,2519,2728,2824,3001,3010,3303,3701,3966,4266,4536,4607,4792,5077,5131,5426,5623],"al.":[357,418,1158,1820,2520,2729,2825,3002,3011,3304,3702,3967,4267,4537,4608,4793,5078,5132,5427,5624],"[23],":[358],"who":[359],"showed":[360,1052,1822,4532],"normal":[362,636,888,1053,1085,1778,1877,2038,2272,2644,3811,3991,4922,4941],"proportion":[363,2942,3641],"fibers,":[367],"but":[368,922,941,1174,1317,1570,1784,1812,1879,2626,2931,3139,3223,3402,3645,4824,5438],"an":[369,408,685,783,1161,1185,1352,1611,1839,1903,1935,2296,2610,2770,3083,3835,4012,4022,4137,4312,4382,4401,4554,4728,4776,4799,5050,5059,5141,5193,5257,5291,5478,5511,5773,5784],"increase":[370,1162,3444,3525,3836,4584,4969,5180,5292,5303,5512,5643,5840],"at":[375,515,520,580,638,670,807,1296,2688,3560,4021],"expense":[377],"fibers.":[381,5150],"IIA-IIB":[384],"tended":[386,3152,5612],"smaller.":[389],"They":[390],"also":[391,1202,1401,1762,2537,2574,2962,3072,3856,5353,5626],"composition":[397],"similar":[400,2710,3155,3609],"observed":[403,420,810,1282,1378,2459,2522,2908,3173,3606,3842,4613,5543],"healthy":[405,870,2712],"men":[406],"after":[407,604,1195,1214,1386,3175,3308,4096,4589],"endurance":[409],"training":[410,1593],"program.":[411],"On":[412,1703,3931],"other":[414,1483,1705,1802,2169,2976,3933,4452,5490,5794],"hand,":[415,1706,3934,5782],"Giovenali":[416],"[24]":[419],"involving":[423],"types":[425],"without":[429,4690,4727,4825,5605],"accumulation":[430,1353],"intracytoplasmatic":[432,1355],"lipid.":[433],"Muscle":[434],"protein":[435,1513,1557,1600,1640,1651,1662,1859,1865,1981,2050,2286,2306,2322,2344,2374,2409,2419,2430,2437,2560,2633,2637,2650,2664,2675,2749,2760,2766,2772,3041,3085,3089,3277,3324,3352,3510,3530,3663,3747,3787,3863,3928,4033,4109,4115,4129,4170,4210,4228,4285,4329,4337,4341,4476,4494,4673,4694,4731,4747,4815,5551,5765,5778,5786],"discussed":[438],"later":[441],"paragraph.":[442],"function.Skeletal":[455],"studied":[460,4059,4795,5561],"noninvasively":[461],"using":[462,3020,3730,3813],"[25].":[465,1456],"technique":[467],"allows":[468,547],"determination":[469,548],"absolute":[471],"concentrations":[472,533,641,2080,2110,2830,2836,2971,3119,3182,3231,3389,3693,3755,4047,4428,4588,5400],"changes":[475,632,1237,3225,3607],"time":[477],"different":[479,1465,4084,4611,4899],"phosphor":[480],"molecules.Patients":[481],"placed":[483,506],"supine":[486],"position":[487],"investigated":[490],"center":[494],"NMR":[497],"magnet.":[498],"Data":[499,4298],"acquired":[501],"surface":[504],"coil":[505],"directly":[507,5335],"under":[508],"while":[511,2807,4565],"patient":[513,1367,4353,5558],"exercises":[514],"maximum":[517],"load":[518],"fixed":[522],"frequency.":[523],"From":[524],"signal":[526],"intensities":[527],"procured":[530],"spectra,":[531],"inorganic":[535],"phosphate":[536,647],"(Pi)":[537],"phosphocreatine":[539],"(PCr)":[540],"calculated,":[543],"which":[544,795,1181,1357,1760,1771,1836,2123,2386,3195,3204,3558,3624,3741,3828,4577,5675],"turn":[546],"ADP":[551],"concentration.":[552,4695,4926],"Intracellular":[553,916],"pH":[554,759,917,958,1452,2152],"obtained":[557],"from":[558,577,679,762,990,1049,1376,1466,1688,2399,3870,3950,4299],"chemical":[560],"shift":[561,3295,3949],"Pi":[563,643,655,778,793,881,936],"relative":[564],"PCr.":[566,971],"figure":[568],"1":[569,1196,4460],"series":[571],"spectra":[573,586,860],"shown,":[575],"starting":[576,4347],"spectrum":[579],"rest":[581,808,1297],"before":[582,4581],"exercise,":[583,675,682,720,770],"followed":[584],"taken":[587,4094,5015],"every":[588,4788],"30":[589],"s":[590],"during":[591,602,623,672,879,1044,1079,1171,1299,2988,3459,3478,4459,4557,4678,4787,5373,5790,5818,5895],"exercise.":[592,680],"successive":[594],"snap-shots":[595],"allow":[596],"follow-up":[598],"each":[600],"metabolite":[601],"consequently":[607],"assessment":[609],"rate":[612,727,987,1194,2021,4240,4251],"depletion":[615,2301,3657,3782,4502,5762],"recovery.":[617],"measurements":[619],"repeated":[622],"treatment":[624,2209,4569],"order":[629,1692],"monitor":[631],"function.In":[635],"rest,":[639,671],"total":[645,3918,4972],"cellular":[646,787,1028,2227,2507],"regulated":[649,2476],"Na+-dependent":[652],"transport":[653,1476,1853],"uptake":[656,1304,1715,1841,1941,4955],"stimulated":[658],"insulin.":[660],"ATP":[661,689,698,704,707,737,896,913,1003,1031,1042,1179,1187,1192,1421,2256,2300,2359],"synthesis":[662,708,1496,1561,1860,2638,2767,3325,3664,3748,3788,3864,3900,4116,4338,4495,5771],"purely":[668],"moderate":[673,1300],"steady-state":[674],"recovery":[678,730,760,935,1213],"During":[681,828,934],"there":[683,2697,4951],"increased":[686,840,1263,1447,1646,2042,2049,2186,2304,2372,3487,3922,3941,4383,4704,5171,5323,5603,5887],"demand":[687],"hydrolysis":[690],"provide":[692],"energy.":[693],"Meanwhile":[694],"pool":[696,2796],"rebuilt":[700],"glycogenolytic":[703],"synthesis,":[705,4477],"conversion":[711],"PCr":[713,729,845,884,945,1033,1212,1419,1431,1450],"ATP.":[715],"At":[716],"end":[718],"glycogenolysis":[722],"switched":[724],"off.":[725],"provides":[731,1217],"measure":[733],"mitochondrial":[736,755,1054,1066,1086,1191,1221,1285,1398],"synthesis.":[738],"Cellular":[739],"[Pi],":[740],"[ADP],":[741],"PO2":[742],"phosphorylation":[745,757,5674],"([ATP]/[ADP]":[747],"\u00d7":[748],"[Pi])":[749],"major":[752,1290],"drive":[753],"[26].":[758],"removal":[764],"waste":[767],"products":[768],"i.e.":[771,4237],"H+":[772],"ions":[773,1487],"lactate.The":[775],"concentration":[776,897,914,2104,2471,3799,3920,3937,3982,4917,4974],"known":[780,3794],"play":[782,1583],"important":[784,1936,3361,3897],"role":[785,1585,2577],"bioenergetics":[788,2567,5743],"[27].":[789],"Due":[790],"accumulation,":[794],"result":[798],"failure,":[801],"raised":[803,1738],"cell":[805,1479,1506,2151],"[Pi]":[806],"regular":[814,5072],"HD.":[815],"contribute":[819],"residual":[822,1220,2787],"dysfunction":[824],"muscles.":[827,1717],"maximal":[832],"oxygen":[833,1140,1226,1275],"consumption":[834],"(VO2max)":[835],"capacity,":[839],"intracellular":[841,957,1408,1492,1852,2497,2959,3691,3953,4507],"enhanced":[844,1186,1612,1840,2771,3350,3670,5774,5785],"breakdown":[846,1498,2375,2431,3671],"shown":[851,874,1596,1900,1960,2015,2199,3074,3523,3698,3744,4377,5064],"10,":[856],"28].":[857],"resting":[863,960,2738,5341],"calf":[864],"HD":[867,908,932,949,1623,2733,2921,3136,3178,3311,3363,3667,3790,4379,4636,4676,4770,4782,4810,5021,5089],"subjects":[871,903,1006,4246],"similar,":[877],"increases":[882,1708,2387,4278],"decreases":[885,1713],"both":[886,920,939,1668,3087,3333,4158,5517,5802],"subjects.":[892,1948],"However,":[893,1062,1206,1666,1767,2722,3327,3964,4396,4525],"did":[898,3196,5429],"not":[899,1318,1359,1384,1454,1464,1571,2134,2341,2627,2641,2932,3197,3403,3571,3851,3970,4054,4200,4400,4526,4579,4845,4850,5128,5159,5430,5554],"change":[900,3198,5433],"control":[902],"contrast":[905,1073,1424,3248,4928,5446],"where":[910],"diminished.":[915],"fell":[918],"groups,":[921,940],"marked":[925],"earlier":[927,4023],"onset":[929],"patients.":[933,2118,2842,3369,3502,3668,3791,3867,4124,4771,4811,5314],"normalized":[937,3689,4139],"resynthesis":[943,969,1001,1432],"delayed":[947],"return":[955],"towards":[959,5536],"values.":[961],"cannot":[964,5707],"attributed":[966,5716],"Probably,":[972],"continued":[974],"glycolysis":[976],"or":[977,983,1097,1410,1519,2064,2208,2268,2335,2768,2863,2919,3713,3850,4015,4034,4097,4316,4339,4868,4934,5036,5166,5262,5724,5816,5821],"decreased":[979,985,999,1114,1549,1746,2601,3323,3768,3797,4493,5206,5770],"buffer":[981,5261],"export":[986],"protons":[989],"cells":[992,1268,2608],"involved.":[994],"mechanism":[996,2177,2380],"explained":[1009],"following":[1012],"anomalies:":[1013],"lower":[1014,4227],"activities":[1015],"glycolytic":[1018],"enzymes,":[1019],"hexokinase":[1020],"phosphofructokinase":[1022],"[29],":[1023],"levels":[1029,1649,1658,1711,1740,1780,1873,1889,3505,5157],"[30].":[1034],"dialyzed":[1036,1050,1064,2678,2707,3611,3846,4415,5073],"acetate":[1038,1045,3335],"induce":[1040],"excessive":[1041],"degradation":[1043,1558,1866,1982,2051,2307,2323,2345,2420,4342,5775],"[31].Muscle":[1047],"biopsies":[1048],"numbers":[1055,1974],"enzyme":[1057,2006],"vitro":[1060,1110,3750],"[6].":[1061,1205],"vivo":[1069,1107],"undialyzed":[1075],"suggesting":[1077,2701,3254,3654,5325],"substance":[1082],"essential":[1083,2045,2448,2487,3627,5051],"removed":[1089],"[10,":[1090],"32].":[1091],"substances":[1093],"could":[1094,3969,4510,4737,4849],"carnitine.":[1098,1314,5176],"Another":[1099],"explanation":[1100,5694],"besides":[1101],"difference":[1103,4743],"conditions":[1105],"substrate":[1115,1292,3734],"supply":[1116,2602],"mitochondrion":[1119],"vivo.":[1121],"Anemia":[1122],"inadequate":[1126,4313,5258],"aggravate":[1130,4209,5354],"defects":[1133],"due":[1134,1788,3765,3924,3955,3995,4010,4620,5767,5858],"diminished":[1137],"delivery":[1138,1227],"substrate.":[1142,3818],"Indeed,":[1143,1515,2299],"erythropoietin":[1147],"(EPO)":[1148],"some":[1150,2699,2953,4205],"[33].":[1155],"Fagher":[1156],"[5]":[1159],"basal":[1165],"EPO":[1172,1199,1215],"treatment,":[1173],"decline":[1177],"levels,":[1180],"ascribed":[1183,2859,4438,4740],"consumption.":[1188],"Normalization":[1189],"year":[1197],"therapy":[1200,1216,2784,3712],"persistence":[1208],"slow":[1210,4180],"postexercise":[1211],"evidence":[1218],"abnormality":[1222],"[9].":[1223],"A":[1224,1548,2174,3235,4261],"secondary":[1228,2467,2549,4213],"cause":[1233,5112],"ruled":[1240],"out.":[1241],"Although":[1242],"corrected":[1246,4161,4513],"EPO,":[1248],"still":[1251],"complain":[1252],"about":[1253,4884,5005,5235],"[34,":[1256],"35]":[1257],"show":[1259,1528,4048,4136],"fibrous":[1264],"tissue":[1265,1613],"inflammatory":[1267],"[36,":[1269],"37].":[1270],"Thus":[1271],"lack":[1273,5482],"part":[1279,5329],"explain":[1280,3025],"disturbances":[1283],"function.Fatty":[1286],"acids":[1287,1687,2605,2616],"[38].":[1302],"Their":[1303],"mitochondria":[1307,2619],"mediated":[1309,3675],"quaternary":[1312],"amine":[1313],"Some":[1315,4646],"[39]":[1316],"investigators":[1320,1574,4848],"report":[1321],"plasma":[1323,1647,1656,1872,2079,2097,2109,2809,2829,3121,3166,3181,3387,3601,3754,3798,3975,3981,4043,4586,4687,4693,4829,4924,4943,4971,5153,5173,5299,5321,5398,5804,5835],"free":[1324,2102,2798,3117,3229,3452,3894,3916,4426,4574,5172],"carnitine":[1325,1373,2590,5139,5156],"maintenance":[1327,3666],"hemodialyzed":[1328],"[40,":[1330],"41].":[1331],"Moreover,":[1332,2552,3503,4203],"deficit":[1334],"L-carnitine":[1336,1382,5087],"[24,":[1368],"42].":[1369],"findings":[1371],"deficiency":[1374,2545],"differ":[1375,4089],"CRF.":[1380],"Besides,":[1381],"altered":[1385,1927,2963,3109,3165,5801],"supplementation":[1388,4112,4357,4458,4552,4617,4629,4669,4712,4768,5032,5460,5660,5727,5808],"our":[1390,5648],"(unpublished":[1393],"personal":[1394],"data).Impairment":[1395],"caused":[1403,4153],"shortage":[1406],"glucose":[1409,1710,1714,1857,5450,5599,5620],"pyruvate":[1411],"content,":[1412],"necessary":[1413,2421],"delivering":[1415],"resynthesis.":[1422],"insulin-deprived":[1426],"rats,":[1427,2597],"unaltered":[1434],"insulin-supplemented":[1436],"rats":[1437,1567,1619,2012,2030,2350,2401,2623,3057],"[43].":[1438],"Increasing":[1439],"clamp":[1444],"method":[1445],"Pi;":[1448],"ATP,":[1449],"were":[1453,1772,2640,3220,3232,4079,4093,4578,4638,4703,4844,4910,5014,5264,5274,5530,5595],"affected":[1455,2642,3630],"Energy-rich":[1457],"P":[1458],"metabolites":[1459]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}