{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015450150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009539978701900204","title":"Sector Context and Performance","display_name":"Sector Context and Performance","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015450150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009539978701900204","mag":"2015450150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/009539978701900204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009539978701900204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009539978701900204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5465880","display_name":"Administration & Society","issn_l":"0095-3997","issn":["0095-3997","1552-3039"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-3","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Administration &amp; Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008083587","display_name":"Barry L. Bozeman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8084-3379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8084-3379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry Bozeman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030893874","display_name":"Steve Loveless","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Loveless","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9688958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"197","last_page":"235"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.4507000148296356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.4507000148296356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.42239999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.05339999869465828,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector-research","display_name":"public sector research","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-sector-research","display_name":"private sector research","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-performance","display_name":"R&D performance","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sectoral-differences","display_name":"sectoral differences","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-effects","display_name":"spurious effects","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-units","display_name":"research units","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-size","display_name":"organizational size","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-measurement","display_name":"performance measurement","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.7570000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.8878118991851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.8181112408638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.7564619779586792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6695294380187988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.4092901945114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4036228656768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2839900255203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17177259922027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.12037080526351929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1089019775390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09789404273033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/009539978701900204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009539978701900204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009539978701900204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5465880","display_name":"Administration & Society","issn_l":"0095-3997","issn":["0095-3997","1552-3039"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-3","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Administration &amp; Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W563006876","https://openalex.org/W585332292","https://openalex.org/W587877108","https://openalex.org/W616984773","https://openalex.org/W617247061","https://openalex.org/W618516598","https://openalex.org/W647374487","https://openalex.org/W1499955781","https://openalex.org/W1506064566","https://openalex.org/W1536411649","https://openalex.org/W1537543935","https://openalex.org/W1598097039","https://openalex.org/W1603931285","https://openalex.org/W1887907191","https://openalex.org/W1968467817","https://openalex.org/W1970098363","https://openalex.org/W1974213855","https://openalex.org/W1978008015","https://openalex.org/W1985094439","https://openalex.org/W1986362196","https://openalex.org/W1993634148","https://openalex.org/W1995009873","https://openalex.org/W1996578508","https://openalex.org/W2003034430","https://openalex.org/W2007706224","https://openalex.org/W2008797035","https://openalex.org/W2014860362","https://openalex.org/W2016587436","https://openalex.org/W2018540725","https://openalex.org/W2022007758","https://openalex.org/W2022882463","https://openalex.org/W2023784859","https://openalex.org/W2024554375","https://openalex.org/W2024573942","https://openalex.org/W2025536255","https://openalex.org/W2026437798","https://openalex.org/W2038049849","https://openalex.org/W2039888227","https://openalex.org/W2041350988","https://openalex.org/W2043259765","https://openalex.org/W2043814348","https://openalex.org/W2059712068","https://openalex.org/W2064016175","https://openalex.org/W2064101637","https://openalex.org/W2068805170","https://openalex.org/W2069682967","https://openalex.org/W2071475701","https://openalex.org/W2072467740","https://openalex.org/W2073606076","https://openalex.org/W2081751652","https://openalex.org/W2082451100","https://openalex.org/W2085581097","https://openalex.org/W2085702297","https://openalex.org/W2088763973","https://openalex.org/W2092526709","https://openalex.org/W2118911305","https://openalex.org/W2123473901","https://openalex.org/W2124054375","https://openalex.org/W2124832363","https://openalex.org/W2126386712","https://openalex.org/W2127332520","https://openalex.org/W2136181399","https://openalex.org/W2138864199","https://openalex.org/W2140409505","https://openalex.org/W2156774748","https://openalex.org/W2175035305","https://openalex.org/W2314309215","https://openalex.org/W2314832855","https://openalex.org/W2315944044","https://openalex.org/W2316966198","https://openalex.org/W2318926064","https://openalex.org/W2319297344","https://openalex.org/W2323275909","https://openalex.org/W2323408065","https://openalex.org/W2326405004","https://openalex.org/W2326621406","https://openalex.org/W2328342859","https://openalex.org/W2329297767","https://openalex.org/W2330191266","https://openalex.org/W2331387038","https://openalex.org/W2331851472","https://openalex.org/W2332494537","https://openalex.org/W2333393726","https://openalex.org/W2339257265","https://openalex.org/W2401615420","https://openalex.org/W2568838222","https://openalex.org/W2569900057","https://openalex.org/W2586235061","https://openalex.org/W2797507730","https://openalex.org/W3121707495","https://openalex.org/W3121871227","https://openalex.org/W3123610095","https://openalex.org/W3125490817","https://openalex.org/W3149209978","https://openalex.org/W3209847810","https://openalex.org/W4230203057","https://openalex.org/W4231727548","https://openalex.org/W4252347262","https://openalex.org/W4254993421","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300130384"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7110793834","https://openalex.org/W1984962309","https://openalex.org/W1988164355","https://openalex.org/W572453987","https://openalex.org/W1872531910","https://openalex.org/W3024377115","https://openalex.org/W2001074896","https://openalex.org/W2503585873","https://openalex.org/W2119837619","https://openalex.org/W2338067160"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"comparing":[1],"public":[2,44,67],"and":[3,45,68,89,127],"private":[4,46,69,128],"organizations":[5],"has":[6],"become":[7],"more":[8],"common,":[9],"but":[10,91],"questions":[11],"remain":[12],"as":[13,87],"to":[14,61,97,111,124,133],"whether":[15],"differences":[16,39,65],"in":[17,40,66],"sector":[18,47,70,76,118,129],"are":[19,107],"significant":[20,95],"or":[21],"spurious.":[22],"The":[23,72],"research":[24,36],"reported":[25],"here,":[26],"based":[27],"on":[28],"secondary":[29],"data":[30],"from":[31],"a":[32,51,81,94],"cross-national":[33],"study":[34],"of":[35,43,53,84],"units,":[37,48],"examines":[38],"the":[41],"performance":[42,98,114],"controlling":[49],"for":[50],"number":[52],"potentially":[54],"confounding":[55],"variables.":[56],"Path":[57],"analysis":[58],"is":[59,78,101],"used":[60],"`factor":[62],"out":[63],"\"performance":[64],"units.":[71],"findings":[73],"suggest":[74],"that":[75,104],"context":[77],"not":[79],"entirely":[80],"spurious":[82],"function":[83],"such":[85],"variables":[86],"size":[88],"technology,":[90],"itself":[92],"makes":[93],"contribution":[96],"differences.":[99],"It":[100],"further":[102],"concluded":[103],"multiple":[105],"criteria":[106],"important":[108],"when":[109],"seeking":[110],"measure":[112],"R&D":[113],"by":[115],"sector.":[116],"Public":[117],"units":[119],"appear":[120],"advantaged":[121],"with":[122,131],"respect":[123,132],"certain":[125],"activities":[126],"ones":[130],"others.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
