{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015439019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107755879905600304","title":"Health Maintenance Organizations and Hospital Quality for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery","display_name":"Health Maintenance Organizations and Hospital Quality for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015439019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107755879905600304","mag":"2015439019","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10510608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/107755879905600304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107755879905600304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107755879905600304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106284948","display_name":"Medical Care Research and Review","issn_l":"1077-5587","issn":["1077-5587","1552-6801"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Care Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112031827","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 J. Escarce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9371-0068","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9371-0068"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309849503","display_name":"RAND Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 J. Escarce","raw_affiliation_strings":["RAND Health Program, jose_escarce@rand.org"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RAND Health Program, jose_escarce@rand.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077793652","display_name":"R. Lawrence Van Horn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Lawrence Van Horn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rochester"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rochester","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072048687","display_name":"Mark V. Pauly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-4825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-4825"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark V. Pauly","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania","#N# * University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# * University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034700418","display_name":"Sankey V. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-0389","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-0389"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sankey V. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania","#N# * University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# * University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035343851","display_name":"Judy A. Shea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-4192","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-4192"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judy A. Shea","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania","#N# * University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# * University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100344522","display_name":"Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-3610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-3610"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania","#N# * University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# * University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5749,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97793071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"3","first_page":"340","last_page":"362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9560999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9560999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12871","display_name":"Healthcare Quality and Management","score":0.03310000151395798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11722","display_name":"Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-maintenance-organizations","display_name":"health maintenance organizations","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managed-care","display_name":"managed care","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-quality","display_name":"hospital quality","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-artery-bypass-grafting","display_name":"coronary artery bypass grafting","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-insurance","display_name":"private insurance","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare","display_name":"Medicare","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-discharge-data","display_name":"hospital discharge data","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-variation","display_name":"regional variation","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california","display_name":"California","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/florida","display_name":"Florida","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8447616100311279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992556508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Health maintenance","level":3,"score":0.6877402067184448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.49595436453819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.49406078457832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780265253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416012","display_name":"Managed care","level":3,"score":0.4820609986782074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4354628324508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775901492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186020","display_name":"Coronary artery bypass surgery","level":3,"score":0.4256362318992615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.354874849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3213331401348114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.22546890377998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776820930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9655","display_name":"Artery","level":2,"score":0.2198171317577362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001026","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Bypass","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001026","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Bypass","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003284","descriptor_name":"Contract Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005431","descriptor_name":"Florida","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006279","descriptor_name":"Health Maintenance Organizations","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006279","descriptor_name":"Health Maintenance Organizations","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006302","descriptor_name":"Health Services Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007350","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007350","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011787","descriptor_name":"Quality of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017052","descriptor_name":"Hospital Mortality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/107755879905600304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107755879905600304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107755879905600304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106284948","display_name":"Medical Care Research and Review","issn_l":"1077-5587","issn":["1077-5587","1552-6801"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Care Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10510608","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10510608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical care research and review : MCRR","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1139182966","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HS 09194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332177","funder_display_name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332177","display_name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/03jmfdf59"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W171567886","https://openalex.org/W1484798482","https://openalex.org/W1583301223","https://openalex.org/W1584055820","https://openalex.org/W1669140790","https://openalex.org/W1966094122","https://openalex.org/W1970010064","https://openalex.org/W1972258819","https://openalex.org/W1974902509","https://openalex.org/W1976109681","https://openalex.org/W1981524694","https://openalex.org/W1989150572","https://openalex.org/W1995801962","https://openalex.org/W1995996742","https://openalex.org/W2022490225","https://openalex.org/W2034131328","https://openalex.org/W2039500111","https://openalex.org/W2039870397","https://openalex.org/W2043015032","https://openalex.org/W2044134462","https://openalex.org/W2047805412","https://openalex.org/W2049810667","https://openalex.org/W2054640451","https://openalex.org/W2057727034","https://openalex.org/W2057847162","https://openalex.org/W2073736236","https://openalex.org/W2077589435","https://openalex.org/W2079431496","https://openalex.org/W2090142454","https://openalex.org/W2120776179","https://openalex.org/W2138860957","https://openalex.org/W2149208776","https://openalex.org/W2152954169","https://openalex.org/W2162279072","https://openalex.org/W2318024435","https://openalex.org/W2326246117","https://openalex.org/W2336607560","https://openalex.org/W4234667812","https://openalex.org/W4240305344","https://openalex.org/W4241649495","https://openalex.org/W4293577522","https://openalex.org/W4299486873"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484798482","https://openalex.org/W1987440641","https://openalex.org/W2120776179","https://openalex.org/W2091320415","https://openalex.org/W2885900409","https://openalex.org/W2100398071","https://openalex.org/W2236519907","https://openalex.org/W2057657918","https://openalex.org/W2330597428","https://openalex.org/W2096770371"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"uses":[2],"hospital":[3,109],"discharge":[4],"data":[5],"for":[6,30,57],"1992-1994":[7],"to":[8,23,60,121],"assess":[9],"differences":[10],"between":[11,105],"HMO":[12,43,67,84,106],"and":[13,19,68,108,116,124],"insured":[14,42,53,66],"non-HMO":[15,54,69],"patients":[16,44,70,85,93],"in":[17,45,71,86,94],"California":[18,46],"Florida":[20,72,87],"with":[21],"regard":[22],"the":[24,27,61,95,103,122],"quality":[25,49,80,90,110],"of":[26,78,126],"hospitals":[28,50,77,91],"used":[29,47,88],"coronary":[31],"artery":[32],"bypass":[33],"graft":[34],"(CABG)":[35],"surgery.":[36],"The":[37,99],"authors":[38,100],"found":[39],"that":[40,102],"commercially":[41,52,65],"higher":[48],"than":[51,92],"patients,":[55],"controlling":[56],"patient":[58,117],"distance":[59],"hospital.":[62],"In":[63],"contrast,":[64],"were":[73],"similarly":[74],"distributed":[75],"across":[76,113],"different":[79],"levels,":[81],"whereas":[82],"Medicare":[83,97],"lower":[89],"standard":[96],"program.":[98],"conclude":[101],"association":[104],"coverage":[107],"may":[111],"differ":[112],"geographic":[114],"areas":[115],"populations,":[118],"possibly":[119],"related":[120],"maturity":[123],"structure":[125],"managed":[127],"care":[128],"markets.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}