{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015434088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","title":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Aerosol \u201cSniffing\u201d","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Aerosol \u201cSniffing\u201d","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015434088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","mag":"2015434088","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5099701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13479866","display_name":"Archives of Environmental Health An International Journal","issn_l":"0003-9896","issn":["0003-9896","2331-4303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320374","host_organization_name":"Heldref Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320374","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Heldref Publications","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112013947","display_name":"Charles F. Reinhardt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316910977","display_name":"DuPont (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g3m1w62","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles F. Reinhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","DuPont"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DuPont","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053260486","display_name":"Alex Azar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316910977","display_name":"DuPont (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g3m1w62","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Azar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020160664","display_name":"Mary E. Maxfield","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316910977","display_name":"DuPont (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g3m1w62","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary E. Maxfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","DuPont"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DuPont","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Paul E. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316910977","display_name":"DuPont (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g3m1w62","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul E. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","DuPont"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DuPont","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063511981","display_name":"Linda S. Mullin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316910977","display_name":"DuPont (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03g3m1w62","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda S. Mullin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","DuPont"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DuPont","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316910977"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.3045,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":231,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99902057,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"265","last_page":"279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":0.8076000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":0.8076000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.08079999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13001","display_name":"Restraint-Related Deaths","score":0.04699999839067459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glue-sniffing","display_name":"glue sniffing","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-arrhythmia","display_name":"cardiac arrhythmias","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ventricular-fibrillation","display_name":"ventricular fibrillation","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-propellants","display_name":"aerosol propellants","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-arrest","display_name":"cardiac arrest","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism-of-death","display_name":"mechanism of death","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131722271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7547759","display_name":"Sniffing","level":2,"score":0.9284265637397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.614216148853302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781005686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848662","display_name":"Ventricular fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.6056605577468872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.593774676322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776217527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944828","display_name":"Sensitization","level":2,"score":0.5743770599365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779504383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41482","display_name":"Autopsy","level":2,"score":0.5589618682861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775859304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132621","display_name":"Epinephrine","level":2,"score":0.5370914340019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840343","display_name":"Inhalation","level":2,"score":0.5229926109313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988455589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189331","display_name":"Cardiac arrhythmia","level":3,"score":0.5076602697372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.4877234399318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43396882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2197000","display_name":"Exhalation","level":2,"score":0.4357990622520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775935837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202837","display_name":"Sudden cardiac death","level":2,"score":0.4297962784767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.39683765172958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.39105457067489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.34305110573768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.17422139644622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.05940553545951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000336","descriptor_name":"Aerosols","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004837","descriptor_name":"Epinephrine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006323","descriptor_name":"Heart Arrest","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006323","descriptor_name":"Heart Arrest","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006838","descriptor_name":"Hydrocarbons","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006846","descriptor_name":"Hydrocarbons, Halogenated","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014693","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014693","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1971.10665840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13479866","display_name":"Archives of Environmental Health An International Journal","issn_l":"0003-9896","issn":["0003-9896","2331-4303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320374","host_organization_name":"Heldref Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320374","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Heldref Publications","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:5099701","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5099701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of environmental health","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555636031","https://openalex.org/W1596724779","https://openalex.org/W1975881604","https://openalex.org/W1995928323","https://openalex.org/W2017170640","https://openalex.org/W2029328329","https://openalex.org/W2042525811","https://openalex.org/W2043003637","https://openalex.org/W2081125404","https://openalex.org/W2090288243","https://openalex.org/W2093769117","https://openalex.org/W2097944717","https://openalex.org/W2100543668","https://openalex.org/W2126709147","https://openalex.org/W2151109931","https://openalex.org/W2166998562","https://openalex.org/W2244164643","https://openalex.org/W2258129626","https://openalex.org/W2258481825","https://openalex.org/W2262341392","https://openalex.org/W2298508945","https://openalex.org/W2307002584","https://openalex.org/W2409649939","https://openalex.org/W2473853211","https://openalex.org/W2606982927","https://openalex.org/W2913304939","https://openalex.org/W2992061175","https://openalex.org/W3159562751","https://openalex.org/W4406989745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238225161","https://openalex.org/W2090033266","https://openalex.org/W2133446848","https://openalex.org/W2085282903","https://openalex.org/W2068525255","https://openalex.org/W2126965719","https://openalex.org/W2021710406","https://openalex.org/W112304057","https://openalex.org/W2614919995","https://openalex.org/W2229055545"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aerosol":[0],"\u201csniffing,\u201d":[1,6],"a":[2,60,122],"variant":[3],"of":[4,11,38,70,76,83,86,103,125,129],"glue":[5],"involves":[7],"the":[8,67,77,93,105,130],"deliberate":[9],"inhalation":[10,82],"aerosol":[12,87,96],"products":[13],"and":[14,30],"propellants.":[15],"Approximately":[16],"65":[17],"deaths":[18],"have":[19,26,50],"been":[20,27,42,51],"attributed":[21],"to":[22,74,79,107],"this":[23],"practice.":[24],"They":[25],"predominantly":[28],"sudden":[29,68],"generally":[31],"lack":[32],"conclusive":[33],"autopsy":[34],"findings.":[35],"The":[36,53],"cause":[37],"death":[39,126],"has":[40],"not":[41],"defined":[43],"in":[44,98,110,127],"most":[45],"cases;":[46],"however,":[47],"various":[48],"mechanisms":[49],"postulated.":[52],"evidence":[54],"suggests":[55],"acute":[56],"cardiac":[57,112,119],"arrest":[58],"as":[59],"frequent":[61],"cause.":[62],"It":[63],"could":[64],"result":[65],"from":[66],"onset":[69],"ventricular":[71],"fibrillation":[72],"due":[73],"sensitization":[75,120],"heart":[78,106],"epinephrine":[80,108],"by":[81],"high":[84,99],"concentrations":[85],"contents.":[88],"Experimental":[89],"investigation":[90],"revealed":[91],"that":[92,118],"commonly":[94],"used":[95],"propellants,":[97],"concentrations,":[100],"are":[101],"capable":[102],"sensitizing":[104],"resulting":[109],"serious":[111],"arrhythmias.":[113],"Therefore,":[114],"it":[115],"is":[116,121],"concluded":[117],"likely":[123],"mechanism":[124],"many":[128],"aerosol-sniffing":[131],"fatalities.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}