{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015354947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041","title":"An experimental study of the structure of a freshwater-saltwater interfacial mixing","display_name":"An experimental study of the structure of a freshwater-saltwater interfacial mixing","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015354947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041","mag":"2015354947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1051/lhb/1981041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72322271","display_name":"La Houille Blanche","issn_l":"0018-6368","issn":["0018-6368","1958-5551","2767-8490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311316","host_organization_name":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 hydrotechnique de France","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311316"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 hydrotechnique de France"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"La Houille Blanche","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108856609","display_name":"H. O. Anwar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802260906","display_name":"HR Wallingford","ror":"https://ror.org/00nxna028","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802260906"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. O. Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydraulics Research Station, Wallingford, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydraulics Research Station, Wallingford, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802260906"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. A. Weller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802260906","display_name":"HR Wallingford","ror":"https://ror.org/00nxna028","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802260906"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Weller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydraulics Research Station, Wallingford, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydraulics Research Station, Wallingford, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802260906"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802260906"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23570454,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"6","first_page":"405","last_page":"412"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.5634999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.5634999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.41819998621940613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12022","display_name":"Hydraulic flow and structures","score":0.009499999694526196,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freshwater-saltwater-mixing","display_name":"freshwater-saltwater mixing","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estuarine-mixing","display_name":"estuarine mixing","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-dimensional-flow","display_name":"two-dimensional flow","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/densimetric-froude-number","display_name":"densimetric Froude number","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buoyancy-driven-mixing","display_name":"buoyancy-driven mixing","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulent-mixing","display_name":"turbulent mixing","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrainment","display_name":"entrainment","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-profile","display_name":"density profile","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence-intensity","display_name":"turbulence intensity","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flume-experiments","display_name":"flume experiments","score":0.4560000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206835866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273090","display_name":"Froude number","level":3,"score":0.9065791964530945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.5457654595375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5202573537826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88160329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053","display_name":"Estuary","level":2,"score":0.5131338238716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86132830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308838","display_name":"Outflow","level":2,"score":0.47727030515670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118178180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105533","display_name":"Brackish water","level":3,"score":0.4725465774536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538625479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497624","display_name":"Buoyancy","level":2,"score":0.4575447738170624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4409295320510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43261951208114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3846929371356964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3475051522254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2340344488620758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.1346074938774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13331446051597595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.11591538786888123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1051/lhb/1981041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72322271","display_name":"La Houille Blanche","issn_l":"0018-6368","issn":["0018-6368","1958-5551","2767-8490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311316","host_organization_name":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 hydrotechnique de France","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311316"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 hydrotechnique de France"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"La Houille Blanche","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edpsciences.org:dkey/10.1051/lhb/1981041","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.shf-lhb.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041/pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.shf-lhb.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400744","display_name":"Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8488066","host_organization_name":"Chiba Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8488066"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1981041","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W863028722","https://openalex.org/W960041347","https://openalex.org/W1549673068","https://openalex.org/W1607071030","https://openalex.org/W1998634252","https://openalex.org/W2025658835","https://openalex.org/W2064438369","https://openalex.org/W2078168973","https://openalex.org/W2149913629","https://openalex.org/W2206474506","https://openalex.org/W2277987118","https://openalex.org/W2418158719","https://openalex.org/W2521082712","https://openalex.org/W2527424560"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1758963877","https://openalex.org/W2600458667","https://openalex.org/W2925200577","https://openalex.org/W2954534586","https://openalex.org/W2289835358","https://openalex.org/W2976695816","https://openalex.org/W2740750615","https://openalex.org/W2004427149","https://openalex.org/W2359814936","https://openalex.org/W2035518038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,20],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,39,56,64,71,75,78,88,91,95,102,108,122,126,151,164,173,179,183,195,214,218,244,261,273,276,303],"results":[4],"of":[5,9,18,22,41,58,66,77,86,90,101,104,125,161,172,197,246,251,275],"an":[6,53],"experimental":[7,262],"study":[8,178,226],"freshwater":[10,59,235],"which":[11,150,182,199],"flows":[12],"two-dimensional1y":[13,238],"over":[14],"a":[15,34,42,158,240,256,269,282],"still":[16],"pool":[17],"saltwater.":[19],"type":[21],"flow":[23,87,162,215],"can":[24],"be":[25],"observed":[26],"when":[27],"heated":[28],"cooling":[29],"water":[30,68],"is":[31,97,115,129,176,187,211],"discharged":[32],"from":[33,74,239,302,309,319],"power":[35],"station":[36],"horizontally":[37],"onto":[38,243],"surface":[40,127,245,284],"lake,":[43],"reservoir":[44],"[4,":[45],"6,":[46],"12,":[47],"30,":[48],"31,":[49],"33]":[50],"or":[51],"in":[52,181,224,232,255,278],"estuary":[54,79],"where":[55],"outflow":[57],"mixes":[60],"with":[61,70,157,249,292],"underlying":[62],"saltwater;":[63],"flux":[65],"brackish":[67],"increases":[69],"distance":[72],"downstream":[73,301],"head":[76],"[6,9,":[80],"10,":[81],"19].":[82],"In":[83,137],"these":[84],"types":[85],"depth":[89,160],"lighter":[92],"fluid":[93],"at":[94,163,268,298],"mouth":[96,109],"usual1y":[98],"high,":[99],"being":[100],"order":[103,279],"2-3":[105],"m;":[106],"and":[107,192,207,217,288,314],"densimetric":[110,152,184],"Froude":[111,153,185],"number":[112,154,186],"(defined":[113],"later)":[114],"about":[116],"unity":[117],"orless":[118],"[4,28,36],":[119],"indicating":[120],"that":[121,213,222],"mixing":[123,220],"process":[124,221],"layer":[128],"dominated":[130],"mainly":[131],"by":[132],"buoyancy":[133],"rather":[134],"than":[135],"momentum.":[136],"most":[138],"previous":[139],"laboratory":[140],"studies":[141],"measurements":[142],"were":[143,296],"carried":[144],"out":[145],"for":[146,149],"jet-type":[147],"flow,":[148],"was":[155,236,265,306,316],"high":[156],"shal10w":[159],"inlet":[165],"[5,":[166],"8,":[167],"15,":[168],"18].":[169],"The":[170],"object":[171],"present":[174],"investigation":[175],"to":[177,229,280],"cases":[180],"low,":[188],"varying":[189],"between":[190,204],"0.5":[191],"2":[193],"and,":[194],"depths":[196],"freshwater,":[198],"are":[200,227],"relatively":[201],"large,":[202],"vary":[203],"0.08":[205],"m":[206],"0.12":[208],"m.":[209],"It":[210],"assumed":[212],"structure":[216],"turbulent":[219],"occur":[223],"this":[225],"similar":[228],"those":[230],"occurring":[231],"nature.":[233],"Experimentally":[234],"released":[237],"wide":[241],"channel":[242],"stationary":[247],"saltwater":[248,264,310],"density":[250,289,320],"1025":[252],"kg/m":[253],"held":[254],"wide,":[257],"deep":[258],"flume.":[259],"During":[260],"runs":[263],"supplied":[266],"gently":[267],"constant":[270],"rate":[271],"along":[272],"bottom":[274],"flume":[277],"obtain":[281],"steady":[283],"flow.":[285],"Mean":[286],"velocity":[287],"promes,":[290],"together":[291],"their":[293],"turbulence":[294],"intensities,":[295],"measured":[297,307],"various":[299],"sections":[300],"inlet.":[304],"Entrainment":[305],"directly":[308],"supply":[311],"(Fig.":[312],"1)":[313],"it":[315],"also":[317],"determined":[318],"promes.":[321]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
