{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015277205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2603.451","title":"The Intelligibility of Deaf Speech to Experienced and Inexperienced Listeners","display_name":"The Intelligibility of Deaf Speech to Experienced and Inexperienced Listeners","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015277205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2603.451","mag":"2015277205","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6645470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1044/jshr.2603.451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2603.451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2603.451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110744938","display_name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","issn_l":"1092-4388","issn":["1092-4388","1558-9102"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058048319","display_name":"Nancy S. McGarr","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319306116","display_name":"Haskins Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/003j5cv40","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319306116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nancy S. McGarr","raw_affiliation_strings":["The City University of New York and Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The City University of New York and Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319306116","https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058048319"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319306116","https://openalex.org/I174216632"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5938,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":165,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71436334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":"451","last_page":"458"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.5131999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.5131999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.33980000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10283","display_name":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","score":0.09160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deaf-speech","display_name":"deaf speech","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-intelligibility","display_name":"speech intelligibility","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/listener-experience","display_name":"listener experience","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-context","display_name":"word context","score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence-context","display_name":"sentence context","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isolated-words","display_name":"isolated words","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433889","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.8424007892608643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.7690795660018921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7319785952568054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.47828373312950134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.447584331035614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.36896198987960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003638","descriptor_name":"Deafness","qualifier_ui":"Q000151","qualifier_name":"congenital","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003638","descriptor_name":"Deafness","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004519","descriptor_name":"Education, Special","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013065","descriptor_name":"Speech Intelligibility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013070","descriptor_name":"Speech Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1044/jshr.2603.451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2603.451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2603.451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110744938","display_name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","issn_l":"1092-4388","issn":["1092-4388","1558-9102"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:6645470","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6645470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of speech and hearing research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8199999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101322940","https://openalex.org/W2072417372","https://openalex.org/W7172280876","https://openalex.org/W1659717569","https://openalex.org/W2025422853","https://openalex.org/W2114892862","https://openalex.org/W2139066785","https://openalex.org/W7098895748","https://openalex.org/W2099970223","https://openalex.org/W2030889511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"study":[1],"examines":[2],"differences":[3,52],"between":[4,100,123],"experienced":[5,85,151],"and":[6,28,41,73,112,126,152,168],"inexperienced":[7,93,153],"listeners":[8,86,94,101],"in":[9,20,23,38,44,67,80,107,173],"understanding":[10],"the":[11,14,62,70,74,77,81,129,133,138,160,165,169,174],"speech":[12],"of":[13,64,76,128,164,171],"deaf.":[15],"Listeners":[16],"heard":[17],"test":[18,78,105,114,166],"words":[19,31,35,106,167],"three":[21],"conditions:":[22],"sentences,":[24,39,108],"as":[25,29],"isolated":[26,111],"words,":[27],"segmented":[30,113],"(the":[32],"later":[33],"being":[34],"originally":[36],"produced":[37],"excised,":[40],"then":[42],"presented":[43],"isolation).":[45],"Factors":[46],"believed":[47],"to":[48,144],"account":[49,145],"for":[50,84,92,104,146],"listener":[51,124,147],"were":[53,56,87,102],"examined.":[54],"These":[55],"relative":[57,161],"word":[58,79],"intelligibility,":[59],"context,":[60],"including":[61],"amount":[63,170],"linguistic":[65],"information":[66],"a":[68],"sentence,":[69],"overall":[71],"length,":[72],"position":[75],"sentence.":[82,175],"Scores":[83],"consistently":[88],"higher":[89],"than":[90],"those":[91],"across":[95],"each":[96],"factor":[97],"considered.":[98,131],"Differences":[99],"greatest":[103],"followed":[109],"by":[110],"words.":[115],"However,":[116],"there":[117],"was":[118],"no":[119],"statistically":[120],"significant":[121],"interaction":[122],"experience":[125],"any":[127],"factors":[130],"Thus,":[132],"data":[134],"do":[135],"not":[136],"support":[137],"hypotheses":[139],"that":[140],"have":[141],"been":[142],"proposed":[143],"differences.":[148],"For":[149],"both":[150],"listeners,":[154],"scores":[155],"varied":[156],"systematically":[157],"depending":[158],"on":[159],"predicted":[162],"intelligibility":[163],"context":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}