{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015190015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2007.0063","title":"Northern Visions: Aerial Surveying and the Canadian Mining Industry, 1919-1928","display_name":"Northern Visions: Aerial Surveying and the Canadian Mining Industry, 1919-1928","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015190015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2007.0063","mag":"2015190015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/tech.2007.0063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2007.0063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2007.0063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145330833","display_name":"Technology and Culture","issn_l":"0040-165X","issn":["0040-165X","1097-3729"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079543017","display_name":"Marionne Cronin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marionne Cronin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anthropology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anthropology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079543017"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4296,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96759654,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"2","first_page":"303","last_page":"330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13854","display_name":"Historical Geography and Cartography","score":0.5830000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13854","display_name":"Historical Geography and Cartography","score":0.5830000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12853","display_name":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","score":0.07190000265836716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12219","display_name":"Canadian Identity and History","score":0.0714000016450882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerial-survey","display_name":"aerial survey","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-mining-industry","display_name":"Canadian mining industry","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-shield","display_name":"Canadian Shield","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-exploration","display_name":"mineral exploration","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerial-photography","display_name":"aerial photography","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/royal-canadian-air-force","display_name":"Royal Canadian Air Force","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/department-of-the-interior","display_name":"Department of the Interior","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1920s","display_name":"1920s","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-surveying","display_name":"history of surveying","score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-transfer","display_name":"technology transfer","score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-science-policy","display_name":"government research policy","score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-aviation","display_name":"aviation history","score":0.49900001287460327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23588892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816425","display_name":"Surveyor","level":2,"score":0.9131351113319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133979268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1682108","display_name":"Vision","level":2,"score":0.6501787900924683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176262533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4688034","display_name":"Aerial survey","level":2,"score":0.5654013752937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778787019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223832","display_name":"Dominion","level":2,"score":0.4680319130420685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.44909602403640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018193623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191839","display_name":"Aerial photos","level":2,"score":0.4189188480377197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3156902492046356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.304772287607193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.25995534658432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12220245599746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/tech.2007.0063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2007.0063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2007.0063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145330833","display_name":"Technology and Culture","issn_l":"0040-165X","issn":["0040-165X","1097-3729"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/215387","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/215387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W202305103","https://openalex.org/W323674397","https://openalex.org/W569732844","https://openalex.org/W572905181","https://openalex.org/W600729743","https://openalex.org/W602368365","https://openalex.org/W619479834","https://openalex.org/W648341585","https://openalex.org/W650215952","https://openalex.org/W657232039","https://openalex.org/W1509804082","https://openalex.org/W1518636690","https://openalex.org/W1977681420","https://openalex.org/W1980476787","https://openalex.org/W1992352641","https://openalex.org/W1996055629","https://openalex.org/W2025947462","https://openalex.org/W2031441839","https://openalex.org/W2044721709","https://openalex.org/W2070152922","https://openalex.org/W2071705610","https://openalex.org/W2103297396","https://openalex.org/W2122361759","https://openalex.org/W2158928275","https://openalex.org/W2317307128","https://openalex.org/W2317590407","https://openalex.org/W2319452724","https://openalex.org/W2320246986","https://openalex.org/W2324962692","https://openalex.org/W2326023215","https://openalex.org/W2328870610","https://openalex.org/W2329647595","https://openalex.org/W2330059449","https://openalex.org/W2335547315","https://openalex.org/W2970550168","https://openalex.org/W2981951199","https://openalex.org/W2982210942"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2964041564","https://openalex.org/W2204137218","https://openalex.org/W2072683613","https://openalex.org/W2036986266","https://openalex.org/W3126325715","https://openalex.org/W2484505090","https://openalex.org/W7067328984","https://openalex.org/W2963669661","https://openalex.org/W1982242647","https://openalex.org/W2023743769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Northern":[0],"Visions":[1],"Aerial":[2,228],"Surveying":[3],"and":[4,66,131,135,165,177,243,278,298,370,384,393,400,404,424,431,481,489,498,511,537,545,560,613,632,649],"the":[5,14,19,33,41,57,67,76,90,93,108,111,118,139,145,160,166,170,195,215,221,237,257,261,271,280,291,295,299,307,311,342,378,385,388,428,465,487,490,502,517,543,555,577,607,611,616,640],"Canadian":[6,15,64,94,112,180,258,323,350,380,429,449,503,558,591],"Mining":[7],"Industry,":[8],"1919\u20131928":[9],"Marionne":[10],"Cronin":[11],"In":[12],"1936,":[13,214],"Surveyor,":[16],"journal":[17],"of":[18,43,78,83,87,110,124,144,152,162,169,175,190,205,239,252,260,273,294,303,316,341,387,419,433,441,456,509,519,522,530,547,557,564,586,596,615,618,621,643],"Dominion":[20,216],"Land":[21,217],"Surveyors'":[22,218],"Association,":[23],"introduced":[24],"a":[25,30,37,84,188,202,250,287,318,346,438,582,594,602],"new":[26,34,157],"cover":[27],"illustration.":[28],"Alongside":[29],"field":[31],"surveyor,":[32],"image":[35],"depicted":[36],"floatplane":[38],"rising":[39],"from":[40],"surface":[42],"an":[44,121,224,475],"isolated":[45],"northern":[46],"lake.":[47],"The":[48,337,452,469,524,562],"decision":[49],"to":[50,73,99,103,147,184,276,326,358,368,390,395,448,493,551,576],"identify":[51,277],"surveying":[52,65,178,186,200,226,241,305,549],"with":[53,138,526],"bush":[54],"planes":[55],"reflected":[56,256],"central":[58],"place":[59],"that":[60,255,458,571,579,588,590],"aviation":[61],"occupied":[62],"in":[63,89,107,249,310,486,542,554],"important":[68,641],"contributions":[69],"aircraft":[70,222],"could":[71,231],"make":[72],"mining":[74,95,267,308,351],"through":[75,334],"practice":[77,207],"aerial":[79,185,199,304,335,402,405,434,443,548],"surveying.":[80,336],"As":[81,263],"part":[82],"wider":[85],"growth":[86],"interest":[88],"country's":[91,488],"north,":[92],"industry":[96,119,146,268,309],"had":[97],"begun":[98],"pay":[100],"closer":[101],"attention":[102],"mineral":[104,181,450],"deposits":[105],"located":[106],"heart":[109],"Shield.":[113],"Upon":[114],"entering":[115],"this":[116],"region,":[117],"encountered":[120],"intricate":[122],"geography":[123],"low,":[125],"rolling,":[126],"rocky":[127],"hills,":[128],"muskeg":[129],"bogs,":[130],"innumerable":[132],"lakes,":[133],"rivers,":[134],"creeks.":[136],"Encounters":[137],"land":[140],"would":[141,460],"encourage":[142],"members":[143],"look":[148],"for":[149,330,364,398,639],"alternate":[150],"methods":[151,174,329],"obtaining":[153],"information":[154,332,446],"about":[155,516],"their":[156,360],"environment":[158],"as":[159,187,201,223,265,349,410,464,626],"difficulty":[161],"overland":[163],"travel":[164],"sheer":[167],"immensity":[168],"territory":[171],"made":[172,636],"existing":[173],"mapping":[176],"inappropriate.":[179],"developers":[182],"turned":[183],"means":[189],"overcoming":[191],"these":[192,415,565],"obstacles.":[193],"Throughout":[194],"1920s,":[196],"Canadians":[197],"adopted":[198],"key":[203],"element":[204],"mineral-development":[206],"such":[208,409,601,625],"that,":[209],"by":[210,306],"[End":[211,568],"Page":[212,569],"303]":[213],"Association":[219],"viewed":[220],"iconic":[225],"technology.":[227,523,622],"surveying,":[229,435],"however,":[230],"not":[232,354],"be":[233],"applied":[234],"successfully":[235],"without":[236],"development":[238,473],"appropriate":[240],"practices":[242],"processing":[244,253,331,401],"methods.":[245,362],"These":[246],"adaptations":[247],"resulted":[248,459],"set":[251,595],"techniques":[254,275,397],"context":[259],"1920s.":[262,313],"early":[264,343],"1919,":[266],"insiders":[269],"advocated":[270],"use":[272],"aerial-surveying":[274],"explore":[279],"Shield's":[281],"potential":[282],"resources.1":[283],"However,":[284],"there":[285,572],"was":[286,345],"substantial":[288],"delay":[289,315],"between":[290],"industry's":[292,491],"identification":[293],"technique's":[296],"usefulness":[297],"actual":[300],"commercial":[301],"application":[302],"late":[312],"This":[314,417,507],"almost":[317],"decade":[319],"occurred":[320],"primarily":[321],"because":[322],"users":[324],"needed":[325],"develop":[327,359],"suitable":[328],"gained":[333],"postwar":[338],"economic":[339],"collapse":[340],"1920s":[344],"complicating":[347],"factor,":[348],"companies":[352],"did":[353],"have":[355,635],"sufficient":[356],"resources":[357,392],"own":[361],"Fortunately":[363],"them,":[365],"government":[366],"attitudes":[367,426],"science":[369,559],"technology,":[371,422],"including":[372],"aviation,":[373],"encouraged":[374,474],"certain":[375],"departments,":[376],"namely":[377],"Royal":[379],"Air":[381],"Force":[382],"(RCAF)":[383],"Department":[386],"Interior,":[389],"devote":[391],"energy":[394],"developing":[396],"collecting":[399],"photographs":[403,444],"surveys.":[406],"Institutional":[407],"structures":[408],"interdepartmental":[411],"committees":[412],"further":[413],"supported":[414],"developments.":[416],"interaction":[418],"politics,":[420,647],"economics,":[421,648],"geography,":[423],"cultural":[425],"influenced":[427],"adoption":[430,510],"adaptation":[432,512,546],"eventually":[436,461],"producing":[437],"novel":[439],"method":[440,455],"transforming":[442],"into":[445,606],"useful":[447,532],"developers.":[451],"transparent":[453],"perspective-grid":[454],"transference":[457],"became":[462],"known":[463],"\"Canadian":[466],"grid":[467],"method.\"2":[468],"conditions":[470],"behind":[471],"its":[472],"emphasis":[476],"on":[477],"efficiency,":[478],"robustness,":[479],"speed,":[480],"utility":[482,612],"over":[483,610],"rigorous":[484],"accuracy":[485,540,614],"efforts":[492],"obtain":[494],"greater":[495,499],"control":[496],"over,":[497],"wealth":[500],"from,":[501],"North.":[504],"National":[505],"Styles":[506],"history":[508,556],"naturally":[513],"raises":[514],"questions":[515],"notion":[518,617],"national":[520,584,619,644],"styles":[521,620],"concern":[525],"practical":[527],"application,":[528],"collection":[529],"economically":[531],"information,":[533],"reliability,":[534],"useable":[535],"results,":[536],"speed":[538],"above":[539],"apparent":[541],"selection":[544],"conforms":[550],"other":[552],"patterns":[553,566],"technology.3":[561],"replication":[563],"suggests":[567],"304]":[570],"is":[573],"some":[574],"legitimacy":[575],"claim":[578,603],"Canada":[580],"has":[581],"distinct":[583],"style":[585],"technology;":[587],"is,":[589],"technologies":[592],"exhibit":[593],"shared":[597],"characteristics.":[598],"Of":[599],"course,":[600],"launches":[604],"us":[605],"ongoing":[608],"debates":[609],"While":[623],"historians":[624],"Thomas":[627],"Hughes,":[628],"Mary":[629],"Jo":[630],"Nye,":[631],"Jonathan":[633],"Harwood":[634],"convincing":[637],"arguments":[638],"influence":[642],"contexts,":[645],"institutions,":[646],"culture...":[650]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
