{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015185808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902280306","title":"Cortical projections to nuclei adjacent to oculomotor complex in the medial dien\u2010mesencephalic tegmentum in the monkey","display_name":"Cortical projections to nuclei adjacent to oculomotor complex in the medial dien\u2010mesencephalic tegmentum in the monkey","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015185808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902280306","mag":"2015185808","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6480917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cne.902280306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902280306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902280306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186231","display_name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","issn_l":"0021-9967","issn":["0021-9967","0092-7317","1096-9861","1550-7130"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058228085","display_name":"George R. Leichnetz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184840846","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72019824","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72019824"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. R. Leichnetz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846","https://openalex.org/I72019824"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. F. Spencer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184840846","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72019824","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72019824"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. F. Spencer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846","https://openalex.org/I72019824"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011283939","display_name":"Daniel J. B. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4367-6556","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4367-6556"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184840846","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72019824","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72019824"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. J. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846","https://openalex.org/I72019824"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6245,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":102,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94918011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"228","issue":"3","first_page":"359","last_page":"387"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.490200012922287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.490200012922287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.4203999936580658,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10542","display_name":"Vestibular and auditory disorders","score":0.023800000548362732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticofugal-projections","display_name":"corticofugal projections","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oculomotor-complex","display_name":"oculomotor complex","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontal-eye-field","display_name":"frontal eye field","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rostral-interstitial-nucleus-of-the-medial-longitudinal-fasciculus","display_name":"rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleus-of-darkschewitsch","display_name":"nucleus of Darkschewitsch","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstitial-nucleus-of-cajal","display_name":"interstitial nucleus of Cajal","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inferior-parietal-lobule","display_name":"inferior parietal lobule","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontal-lobe","display_name":"frontal lobe","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oculomotor-nucleus","display_name":"oculomotor nucleus","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oculomotor-control","display_name":"oculomotor control","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776351355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397367","display_name":"Medial longitudinal fasciculus","level":4,"score":0.7304260730743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.7149622440338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24566897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943621","display_name":"Tegmentum","level":4,"score":0.6116307377815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.6019343137741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5692552924156189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192351223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640536","display_name":"Pretectal area","level":4,"score":0.5496779084205627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163895629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3009543","display_name":"Cytoarchitecture","level":2,"score":0.49139657616615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121731113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141373","display_name":"Parvocellular cell","level":3,"score":0.4636569619178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780723820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934178","display_name":"Nucleus","level":2,"score":0.44923076033592224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781203944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950852","display_name":"Oculomotor nucleus","level":4,"score":0.44195571541786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777348757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346577","display_name":"Cortex (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.4210740327835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552161191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185080","display_name":"Midbrain","level":3,"score":0.1740584671497345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.13558441400527954}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002428","descriptor_name":"Cebus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004027","descriptor_name":"Diencephalon","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004525","descriptor_name":"Efferent Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005625","descriptor_name":"Frontal Lobe","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009847","descriptor_name":"Olivary Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010296","descriptor_name":"Parietal Lobe","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011149","descriptor_name":"Pons","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012453","descriptor_name":"Saimiri","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013681","descriptor_name":"Tegmentum Mesencephali","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cne.902280306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902280306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902280306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186231","display_name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","issn_l":"0021-9967","issn":["0021-9967","0092-7317","1096-9861","1550-7130"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:6480917","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6480917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of comparative neurology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W628926655","https://openalex.org/W1582697909","https://openalex.org/W1591620634","https://openalex.org/W1825334082","https://openalex.org/W1827197145","https://openalex.org/W1886830920","https://openalex.org/W1930970642","https://openalex.org/W1966740151","https://openalex.org/W1983052003","https://openalex.org/W1983942873","https://openalex.org/W1984446252","https://openalex.org/W1985291436","https://openalex.org/W1991256512","https://openalex.org/W1991473733","https://openalex.org/W1992566958","https://openalex.org/W2004286693","https://openalex.org/W2004423901","https://openalex.org/W2007739626","https://openalex.org/W2012871568","https://openalex.org/W2013447916","https://openalex.org/W2013878069","https://openalex.org/W2013975808","https://openalex.org/W2017132932","https://openalex.org/W2019594601","https://openalex.org/W2021369238","https://openalex.org/W2022522075","https://openalex.org/W2026939584","https://openalex.org/W2029545450","https://openalex.org/W2033363720","https://openalex.org/W2033720653","https://openalex.org/W2034897939","https://openalex.org/W2036158022","https://openalex.org/W2036295622","https://openalex.org/W2049596591","https://openalex.org/W2051784497","https://openalex.org/W2060165382","https://openalex.org/W2065274468","https://openalex.org/W2065506886","https://openalex.org/W2068394894","https://openalex.org/W2068897126","https://openalex.org/W2073649185","https://openalex.org/W2074184966","https://openalex.org/W2074433776","https://openalex.org/W2074462792","https://openalex.org/W2081753023","https://openalex.org/W2083509845","https://openalex.org/W2083583994","https://openalex.org/W2084005611","https://openalex.org/W2085408953","https://openalex.org/W2087033328","https://openalex.org/W2089711125","https://openalex.org/W2092580017","https://openalex.org/W2094368719","https://openalex.org/W2094503771","https://openalex.org/W2103127649","https://openalex.org/W2125089960","https://openalex.org/W2136131831","https://openalex.org/W2171970951","https://openalex.org/W2174251182","https://openalex.org/W2345529545","https://openalex.org/W2409583756","https://openalex.org/W2415822951","https://openalex.org/W2415831369","https://openalex.org/W2418523622","https://openalex.org/W2473587299","https://openalex.org/W2626421650","https://openalex.org/W3087756695","https://openalex.org/W4229720672"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074772179","https://openalex.org/W2140032807","https://openalex.org/W153282496","https://openalex.org/W2033489682","https://openalex.org/W2004423901","https://openalex.org/W2148638229","https://openalex.org/W2091015241","https://openalex.org/W2102951987","https://openalex.org/W2136131831","https://openalex.org/W2065506886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cortical":[0],"projections":[1,83,200,244,356],"to":[2,50,57,74,86,92,132,149,199,226,271,338,340,354],"cell":[3,95],"groups":[4,96],"surrounding":[5],"the":[6,13,19,43,71,77,88,93,98,106,116,120,123,127,143,150,155,161,165,194,207,214,218,227,246,263,272,287,290,296,308,322,327,341,358,378,382],"oculomotor":[7,44,273],"complex":[8,344],"were":[9,40,65],"studied":[10],"by":[11,238],"using":[12],"retrograde":[14,89,110],"and":[15,26,47,60,79,84,111,142,178,188,221,350,368],"anterograde":[16,112],"capabilities":[17],"of":[18,70,81,122,154,164,169,175,206,217,232,292,330,377,381],"horseradish":[20],"peroxidase":[21],"(HRP)":[22],"technique":[23],"in":[24,67,97,119,160,279,295,303,357,375,385],"old":[25],"new":[27],"world":[28],"monkeys.":[29],"Fluid":[30],"HRP":[31,37,62,293],"injections":[32],"or":[33,241,299],"transcannular":[34,283],"solid":[35],"polyacrylamide":[36],"gel":[38,63,284],"implants":[39,64,285],"made":[41,66],"into":[42,213,286],"nucleus":[45,153,168,174,182,231],"(OMN)":[46],"adjacent":[48],"nuclei":[49],"label":[51,75],"retrogradely":[52,276],"corticofugal":[53],"neurons":[54,278],"that":[55,115,201,307,332],"project":[56,148,339],"this":[58],"region,":[59],"cortical":[61],"various":[68],"areas":[69],"frontal":[72,107,128,247,264],"lobe":[73],"anterogradely":[76],"trajectories":[78],"terminations":[80],"cortico-paraoculomotor":[82],"thus":[85],"confirm":[87],"findings.":[90],"Projections":[91],"paraoculomotor":[94],"medial":[99,156,172],"dien-mesencephalic":[100],"tegmentum":[101],"originate":[102],"almost":[103],"exclusively":[104],"from":[105,245],"lobe.":[108],"Both":[109],"studies":[113],"confirmed":[114],"prearcuate":[117],"cortex":[118,141,384],"concavity":[121],"arcuate":[124],"sulcus,":[125],"including":[126],"eye":[129,265,311,386],"field,":[130,167,220],"and,":[131],"a":[133,203,222],"lesser":[134],"extent,":[135],"suprarcuate":[136],"rostral":[137,151],"dorsal":[138,162],"area":[139,186,190,254,268],"6":[140,187],"dorsomedial":[144,179],"convexity":[145],"(area":[146],"9),":[147],"interstitial":[152,230],"longitudinal":[157],"fasciculus":[158],"(riMLF)":[159],"region":[163,216],"prerubral":[166,219],"Darkschewitsch":[170],"(ND),":[171],"accessory":[173],"Bechterew":[176],"(NB)":[177],"parvocellular":[180,208],"red":[181,209],"(dmPRN).":[183],"The":[184,229,249,371],"premotor":[185],"motor":[189,364],"4":[191],"cortex,":[192],"on":[193],"other":[195,300],"hand,":[196],"give":[197,352],"rise":[198,353],"target":[202,361],"larger":[204],"portion":[205],"nucleus,":[210],"extending":[211],"rostrally":[212,316],"ventral":[215],"rather":[223],"intense":[224],"projection":[225],"ND.":[228],"Cajal":[233],"(IC)":[234],"was":[235],"distinguished":[236],"more":[237],"its":[239,315],"light,":[240],"lack":[242],"of,":[243],"cortex.":[248],"inferior":[250,342],"parietal":[251],"lobule":[252],"(IPL,":[253],"7)":[255],"which":[256,360],"has":[257],"certain":[258],"common":[259],"physiological":[260],"properties":[261],"with":[262,321],"field":[266],"(FEF":[267],"8)":[269],"related":[270],"system,":[274],"lacked":[275],"labeled":[277],"all":[280],"cases":[281],"where":[282],"OMN":[288],"eliminated":[289],"possibility":[291],"uptake":[294],"corpus":[297],"callosum":[298],"structures":[301],"traversed":[302],"needle":[304],"injections,":[305],"suggesting":[306],"IPL":[309],"affects":[310],"movement":[312,387],"primarily":[313],"through":[314],"directed":[317],"corticocortical":[318],"associational":[319],"connections":[320],"FEF.":[323],"In":[324],"additional":[325],"cases,":[326],"ND-NB-dmPRN":[328],"configuration":[329],"cells":[331],"receives":[333],"FEF":[334],"input":[335],"is":[336,346],"shown":[337],"olivary":[343],"(i.e.,":[345],"pre-olivo-cerebellar),":[347],"whereas":[348],"riMLF":[349],"IC":[351],"descending":[355],"MLF,":[359],"extraocular":[362],"muscle":[363],"nuclei,":[365],"vestibular":[366],"complex,":[367],"spinal":[369],"cord.":[370],"results":[372],"are":[373],"discussed":[374],"terms":[376],"potential":[379],"role":[380],"cerebral":[383],"mechanisms.":[388]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}