{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015129456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.4774","title":"Performance of discrete heat engines and heat pumps in finite time","display_name":"Performance of discrete heat engines and heat pumps in finite time","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015129456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.4774","mag":"2015129456","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11031518"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreve.61.4774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.4774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.4774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224030","display_name":"Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics","issn_l":"1063-651X","issn":["1063-651X","1095-3787","1538-4519"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review E","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2015129456"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0003007","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001310135","display_name":"Tova Feldmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tova Feldmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086549023","display_name":"Ronnie Kosloff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-2523","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-2523"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronnie Kosloff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2211,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":280,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92355297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"5","first_page":"4774","last_page":"4790"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12139","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines","score":0.09629999846220016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10568","display_name":"Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-time-thermodynamics","display_name":"finite-time thermodynamics","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-pumps","display_name":"heat pumps","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-friction","display_name":"internal friction","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-level-system","display_name":"two-level system","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-allocation","display_name":"time allocation","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooling-rate","display_name":"cooling rate","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absolute-zero","display_name":"absolute zero","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adiabatic-processes","display_name":"adiabatic processes","score":0.5149999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57198161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178185","display_name":"Heat engine","level":2,"score":0.8126183748245239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6230644583702087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5766490697860718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5290530920028687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779301550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217236","display_name":"Working fluid","level":2,"score":0.5168869495391846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776461528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131313","display_name":"Heat pump","level":3,"score":0.5016937255859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.48758357763290405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780611706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114704","display_name":"Gas engine","level":2,"score":0.4425082802772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97278139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81182","display_name":"Absolute zero","level":2,"score":0.4218951165676117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3481755256652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3066979646682739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3054516911506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.2896818518638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107706546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189124","display_name":"Heat exchanger","level":2,"score":0.11584332585334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreve.61.4774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.4774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.61.4774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224030","display_name":"Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics","issn_l":"1063-651X","issn":["1063-651X","1095-3787","1538-4519"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review E","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11031518","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11031518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:physics/0003007","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0003007","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0003007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:429403","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/429403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.physics/0003007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.physics/0003007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.physics/0003007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.261.9613","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.261.9613","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0003007v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:physics/0003007","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0003007","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0003007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332923","display_name":"U.S. Navy","ror":"https://ror.org/03ar0mv07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2015129456.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2015129456.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W203559588","https://openalex.org/W1966666259","https://openalex.org/W1967134497","https://openalex.org/W1980479358","https://openalex.org/W1980512205","https://openalex.org/W1981964766","https://openalex.org/W1992649154","https://openalex.org/W1996488676","https://openalex.org/W2002451065","https://openalex.org/W2014547956","https://openalex.org/W2018147731","https://openalex.org/W2021631433","https://openalex.org/W2031451638","https://openalex.org/W2031739539","https://openalex.org/W2037871720","https://openalex.org/W2043004931","https://openalex.org/W2043511530","https://openalex.org/W2045973135","https://openalex.org/W2050923762","https://openalex.org/W2053964821","https://openalex.org/W2057324934","https://openalex.org/W2060006475","https://openalex.org/W2060519296","https://openalex.org/W2061075080","https://openalex.org/W2064780549","https://openalex.org/W2070031110","https://openalex.org/W2072047597","https://openalex.org/W2075554857","https://openalex.org/W2080257772","https://openalex.org/W2082590981","https://openalex.org/W2084255008","https://openalex.org/W2085618819","https://openalex.org/W2086912754","https://openalex.org/W2090840721","https://openalex.org/W2147179008","https://openalex.org/W2161766689","https://openalex.org/W2497739440","https://openalex.org/W2520901979","https://openalex.org/W2596773272","https://openalex.org/W2947076156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244743358","https://openalex.org/W4236925059","https://openalex.org/W1967092292","https://openalex.org/W1975746535","https://openalex.org/W2187253311","https://openalex.org/W2093925464","https://openalex.org/W2984404442","https://openalex.org/W1986208567","https://openalex.org/W2029441488","https://openalex.org/W2460442796"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,15,46,53,81,104,137],"performance":[1,83,105,139],"in":[2],"finite":[3],"time":[4,64,69,119,127],"of":[5,18,23,26,56,97,106,140],"a":[6,49,99,110,131],"discrete":[7],"heat":[8,100,111],"engine":[9,20,58,108,142],"with":[10,61,70,87,128],"internal":[11,43],"friction":[12,47],"is":[13,21,33,59,84,102,113,147,151,154],"analyzed.":[14],"working":[16],"fluid":[17],"the":[19,37,42,57,67,71,79,90,95,107,118,122,125,129,141,144,157,166],"composed":[22],"an":[24],"ensemble":[25],"noninteracting":[27],"two":[28],"level":[29],"systems.":[30],"External":[31],"work":[32],"applied":[34],"by":[35],"changing":[36],"external":[38,91],"field":[39],"and":[40,73,124],"thus":[41],"energy":[44],"levels.":[45],"induces":[48],"minimal":[50],"cycle":[51,96],"time.":[52],"power":[54],"output":[55],"optimized":[60,86],"respect":[62,88],"to":[63,89,163],"allocation":[65,120],"between":[66,121],"contact":[68,126],"hot":[72],"cold":[74,145],"baths":[75],"as":[76,78,109],"well":[77],"adiabats.":[80],"engine's":[82],"also":[85,114],"fields.":[92],"By":[93,116],"reversing":[94],"operation":[98],"pump":[101,112],"constructed.":[103],"optimized.":[115],"varying":[117],"adiabats":[123],"reservoir":[130],"universal":[132],"behavior":[133],"can":[134],"be":[135],"identified.":[136],"optimal":[138,158],"when":[143,165],"bath":[146],"approaching":[148],"absolute":[149,169],"zero":[150,164],"studied.":[152],"It":[153],"found":[155],"that":[156],"cooling":[159],"rate":[160],"converges":[161],"linearly":[162],"temperature":[167],"approaches":[168],"zero.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-11-15T12:55:33.944570","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
