{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015110103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790711003599443","title":"The multilingual reader: advantages in understanding and decoding German sentence structure when reading German as an L3","display_name":"The multilingual reader: advantages in understanding and decoding German sentence structure when reading German as an L3","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015110103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790711003599443","mag":"2015110103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14790711003599443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790711003599443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790711003599443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116265073","display_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","issn_l":"1479-0718","issn":["1479-0718","1747-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11475/15180","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000596200","display_name":"Elisabeth Peyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6998-363X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6998-363X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elisabeth Peyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Multilingualism, University of Fribourg, Criblet 13, Fribourg/Freiburg, CH-1700, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Multilingualism, University of Fribourg, Criblet 13, Fribourg/Freiburg, CH-1700, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017513183","display_name":"Irmtraud Kaiser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-2529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-2529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irmtraud Kaiser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Multilingualism, University of Fribourg, Criblet 13, Fribourg/Freiburg, CH-1700, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Multilingualism, University of Fribourg, Criblet 13, Fribourg/Freiburg, CH-1700, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077339465","display_name":"Raphael Berthel\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-4116","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-4116"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raphael Berthele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Multilingualism, University of Fribourg, Criblet 13, Fribourg/Freiburg, CH-1700, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Multilingualism, University of Fribourg, Criblet 13, Fribourg/Freiburg, CH-1700, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000596200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91993564,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"225","last_page":"239"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.36469998955726624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.36469998955726624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14081","display_name":"Linguistic Education and Pedagogy","score":0.2849000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.2272000014781952,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german-as-a-third-language","display_name":"German as a third language","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilingualism","display_name":"multilingualism","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"reading comprehension","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german-sentence-structure","display_name":"German sentence structure","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding","display_name":"decoding","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-as-a-first-language","display_name":"English as a first language","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/italian-learners","display_name":"Italian learners","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/french-learners","display_name":"French language students","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-language-reading","display_name":"foreign language reading","score":0.4909999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.9100983142852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6133272647857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114010052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150352","display_name":"Foreign language","level":2,"score":0.5987887978553772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.5841968059539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5815528035163879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.510111391544342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4757899045944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45155370235443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.43486249446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.4112810492515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24739742279052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.071796715259552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.06516307592391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14790711003599443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790711003599443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790711003599443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116265073","display_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","issn_l":"1479-0718","issn":["1479-0718","1747-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcollection.zhaw.ch:11475/15180","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11475/15180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401811","display_name":"Z\u00fcrcher Hochschule f\u00fcr Angewandte Wissenschaften digital collection (Zurich University of Applied Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200744771","host_organization_name":"ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200744771"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcollection.zhaw.ch:11475/15180","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11475/15180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401811","display_name":"Z\u00fcrcher Hochschule f\u00fcr Angewandte Wissenschaften digital collection (Zurich University of Applied Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200744771","host_organization_name":"ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200744771"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W167288222","https://openalex.org/W208032900","https://openalex.org/W403917926","https://openalex.org/W575919606","https://openalex.org/W580287341","https://openalex.org/W602217524","https://openalex.org/W617370810","https://openalex.org/W639358783","https://openalex.org/W1032082979","https://openalex.org/W1516682213","https://openalex.org/W1528217860","https://openalex.org/W1539500366","https://openalex.org/W1595475969","https://openalex.org/W1597746417","https://openalex.org/W1606518274","https://openalex.org/W1846118977","https://openalex.org/W1867395783","https://openalex.org/W1967252151","https://openalex.org/W1974743709","https://openalex.org/W1989842645","https://openalex.org/W2019395240","https://openalex.org/W2031063288","https://openalex.org/W2034409938","https://openalex.org/W2049693625","https://openalex.org/W2050132847","https://openalex.org/W2056977501","https://openalex.org/W2057402807","https://openalex.org/W2057552174","https://openalex.org/W2086130628","https://openalex.org/W2116786397","https://openalex.org/W2154480717","https://openalex.org/W2182030569","https://openalex.org/W2190384866","https://openalex.org/W2198504923","https://openalex.org/W2214945847","https://openalex.org/W2514473540","https://openalex.org/W2547000759","https://openalex.org/W2593780435","https://openalex.org/W2620557174","https://openalex.org/W2735740030","https://openalex.org/W2798756171","https://openalex.org/W2900494935","https://openalex.org/W2901140256","https://openalex.org/W3099900413","https://openalex.org/W3126634597","https://openalex.org/W4229742165","https://openalex.org/W4229939006","https://openalex.org/W4233420827"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7030423884","https://openalex.org/W2013211646","https://openalex.org/W1998627764","https://openalex.org/W2497254936","https://openalex.org/W7027651175","https://openalex.org/W7019921471","https://openalex.org/W7155753148","https://openalex.org/W2013320430","https://openalex.org/W2609246758","https://openalex.org/W7028362209"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,48],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"Italian":[3],"and":[4,69,108],"French":[5,64],"students'":[6,54,109],"grammatical":[7,42],"problems":[8],"while":[9],"reading":[10,24,55,155],"in":[11,57,95,131,140,147,156],"German":[12,86],"as":[13],"an":[14,157],"L3":[15],"or":[16,65,67],"L4.":[17],"For":[18],"the":[19,51,81,97,105,141,144,148],"study,":[20],"we":[21,121],"developed":[22],"a":[23],"test":[25,40,107],"which":[26],"consists":[27],"of":[28,85,99,117,143,150],"invented":[29],"encyclopaedia":[30],"articles":[31,36],"on":[32,72,154],"imaginary":[33],"animals.":[34],"These":[35],"enabled":[37],"us":[38],"to":[39,126,136],"various":[41],"structures":[43],"for":[44,138],"their":[45,58,70,89],"receptive":[46,129],"difficulty.":[47],"paper":[49],"discusses":[50],"relationship":[52],"between":[53,104],"competence":[56,94,112],"other":[59,132],"foreign":[60,133],"languages":[61,134],"(mostly":[62],"English,":[63],"Italian,":[66],"Spanish)":[68],"results":[71,77],"our":[73],"German-reading":[74,106],"test.":[75],"Our":[76],"show":[78],"that":[79],"especially":[80],"less":[82],"advanced":[83],"readers":[84],"benefit":[87],"from":[88],"English-reading":[90],"competence.":[91],"With":[92],"increasing":[93],"German,":[96],"influence":[98],"English":[100],"decreases.":[101],"Furthermore,":[102],"correlations":[103],"overall":[110],"foreign-language-reading":[111],"hint":[113],"at":[114,124],"possible":[115],"advantages":[116],"being":[118],"multilingual.":[119],"Thus,":[120],"will":[122],"aim":[123],"exploring":[125],"what":[127],"extent":[128],"competences":[130],"serve":[135],"compensate":[137],"weaknesses":[139],"knowledge":[142],"target":[145],"language,":[146],"hope":[149],"complementing":[151],"existing":[152],"research":[153],"L3.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
