{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015080701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.640294","title":"Correlation between geometrical and intrinsic classification of general astigmatic laser beams","display_name":"Correlation between geometrical and intrinsic classification of general astigmatic laser beams","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015080701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.640294","mag":"2015080701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.640294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.640294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.640294","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039285532","display_name":"G. Neme\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0344-2897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0344-2897"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George Nemes","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTiGMAT (United States)","ASTiGMAT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTiGMAT (United States)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTiGMAT","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039285532"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21461109,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"6101","issue":null,"first_page":"610118","last_page":"610118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.8281000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.8281000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14158","display_name":"Optical Systems and Laser Technology","score":0.15029999613761902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-moment","display_name":"second moment","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abcd-optical-system","display_name":"ABCD optical system","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-propagation","display_name":"beam propagation","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-schell-model","display_name":"Gaussian-Schell model","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-symmetry","display_name":"beam symmetry","score":0.5090000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6197072863578796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5300547480583191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72319582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584304","display_name":"Degenerate energy levels","level":2,"score":0.5169717669487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4867258369922638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.45774027705192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984025587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser beams","level":3,"score":0.4558521509170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21030012","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.44347354769706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4403853714466095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4261277914047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27132371068000793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.2652820944786072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.22158551216125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1901247799396515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.640294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.640294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.640294","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997881261","https://openalex.org/W2005535171","https://openalex.org/W2015168335","https://openalex.org/W2020652830","https://openalex.org/W2022168382","https://openalex.org/W2029037421","https://openalex.org/W2032849929","https://openalex.org/W2042867620","https://openalex.org/W2085378573","https://openalex.org/W2088914284","https://openalex.org/W2126746841","https://openalex.org/W2162446142","https://openalex.org/W2167029779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042867620","https://openalex.org/W2162446142","https://openalex.org/W2064915520","https://openalex.org/W1986874114","https://openalex.org/W4321259148","https://openalex.org/W2088914284","https://openalex.org/W4214745574","https://openalex.org/W3207030408","https://openalex.org/W2066247001","https://openalex.org/W13682227"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24,104,230],"second-order":[1],"moments":[2],"method":[3,7],"is":[4,30,233],"a":[5,17,165,234],"standard":[6],"to":[8,137,140],"characterize":[9],"laser":[10],"beams.":[11],"All":[12],"beams":[13,29,52,76,214,243],"are":[14,135],"described":[15,224],"by":[16,115],"beam":[18,125,151,162,202],"matrix,":[19],"with":[20,164],"specific":[21],"mathematical":[22,156,192],"properties.":[23],"geometrical":[25,102],"classification":[26,96,109],"of":[27,43,74,89,91,97,100,110,145,168,182,194,228,236],"these":[28],"based":[31],"on":[32,40,184],"their":[33,101,245],"matrix":[34,126,163],"structure,":[35],"or":[36,58],"symmetry,":[37],"rather":[38],"than":[39],"the":[41,51,62,75,94,107,111,117,142,150,160,169,172,175,185,191,195,200,220],"symmetry":[42],"beams'":[44],"cross":[45],"sections":[46],"in":[47,199,216],"freespace":[48],"propagation.":[49],"Accordingly,":[50],"can":[53,188],"be":[54],"stigmatic,":[55],"simple":[56],"astigmatic,":[57],"general":[59,112,123,212,241],"astigmatic.":[60],"On":[61],"other":[63,173],"hand,":[64],"at":[65],"propagation":[66],"through":[67],"ABCD-type":[68],"optical":[69],"systems,":[70],"some":[71],"intrinsic":[72,95,108,118,246],"properties":[73,193],"remain":[77],"invariant.":[78],"Two":[79],"independent":[80],"invariant":[81],"quantities":[82,197],"define":[83],"two":[84,154],"classes":[85],"and":[86,120,139,171,218,244],"four":[87],"types":[88],"families":[90],"beams,":[92,98,114],"providing":[93],"irrespective":[99],"classification.":[103,247],"paper":[105],"reveals":[106],"astigmatic":[113,124,213,242],"determining":[116],"class":[119],"family":[121],"each":[122,227],"belongs":[127],"to.":[128],"First,":[129],"we":[130,178,187,205],"summarize":[131],"previous":[132],"results":[133,144],"which":[134],"important":[136],"understand":[138],"obtain":[141],"new":[143],"this":[146],"paper.":[147],"This":[148],"includes":[149],"description":[152],"using":[153,159],"more":[155],"models,":[157],"one":[158],"same":[161],"different":[166,196],"order":[167],"elements,":[170],"being":[174],"gaussian-Schell-model.":[176],"Then":[177],"show":[179],"what":[180],"kind":[181],"information":[183,221],"invariants":[186],"retrieve":[189],"from":[190],"used":[198],"three":[201],"descriptions.":[203],"Finally":[204],"analyze":[206],"all":[207,237],"possible":[208],"non-degenerate":[209],"matrices":[210,239],"representing":[211,240],"(ten":[215],"all)":[217],"apply":[219],"retrieved":[222],"as":[223],"above":[225],"for":[226],"them.":[229],"final":[231],"result":[232],"list":[235],"ten":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}