{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014958626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","title":"INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE: A LOAN MECHANISM\u2010DESIGN APPROACH","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE: A LOAN MECHANISM\u2010DESIGN APPROACH","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014958626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","mag":"2014958626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197981039","display_name":"Economics and Politics","issn_l":"0954-1985","issn":["0954-1985","1468-0343"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economics & Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077649520","display_name":"Alex Mourmouras","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1310145890","display_name":"International Monetary Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/05m4rmw09","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1310145890"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ALEX MOURMOURAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["The IMF Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The IMF Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310145890"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027682166","display_name":"Wolfgang Mayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2154-2269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2154-2269"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"WOLFGANG MAYER","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077649520"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310145890"],"apc_list":{"value":3240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3240},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30523885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"126","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.02669999934732914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14112","display_name":"Economic, financial, and policy analysis","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-financial-assistance","display_name":"international financial assistance","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism-design","display_name":"mechanism design","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-financial-institutions","display_name":"international financial institutions","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-economy-of-development","display_name":"political economy of development","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interest-groups","display_name":"interest groups","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-stability","display_name":"political stability","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-reform","display_name":"partial reform","score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"resource allocation","score":0.33000001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777764128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189539","display_name":"Loan","level":2,"score":0.779412031173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.6459238529205322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5628723502159119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5242800116539001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4898039996623993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.45373764634132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4533223509788513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.42258143424987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3738486170768738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.1971631944179535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197981039","display_name":"Economics and Politics","issn_l":"0954-1985","issn":["0954-1985","1468-0343"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economics & Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:bla:ecopol:v:21:y:2009:i:1:p:126-158","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2008.00339.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W564619236","https://openalex.org/W564878257","https://openalex.org/W1522021169","https://openalex.org/W1525356028","https://openalex.org/W1823439115","https://openalex.org/W1883900955","https://openalex.org/W1999373794","https://openalex.org/W2001135780","https://openalex.org/W2060916819","https://openalex.org/W2083131939","https://openalex.org/W2118491091","https://openalex.org/W2131296666","https://openalex.org/W2133888936","https://openalex.org/W2137658278","https://openalex.org/W2150121253","https://openalex.org/W2155652043","https://openalex.org/W2265410431","https://openalex.org/W2498517169","https://openalex.org/W2736679043","https://openalex.org/W2953860023","https://openalex.org/W2953890699","https://openalex.org/W3121592304","https://openalex.org/W3122671172","https://openalex.org/W3159252451","https://openalex.org/W4235820998","https://openalex.org/W4241077718","https://openalex.org/W4318833712","https://openalex.org/W6639242666","https://openalex.org/W6680512949"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066408293","https://openalex.org/W658524536","https://openalex.org/W3123404170","https://openalex.org/W7100177872","https://openalex.org/W2907647862","https://openalex.org/W3121359209","https://openalex.org/W2953913692","https://openalex.org/W3121655466","https://openalex.org/W2463888819","https://openalex.org/W2005338397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"International":[0],"Financial":[1],"Institutions":[2],"(IFIs)":[3],"tie":[4],"resource":[5],"transfers":[6],"to":[7,10,25,32,68,79,100,128,138,174,198],"capital\u2010scarce":[8],"countries":[9],"improvements":[11],"in":[12,92,117],"their":[13,73],"economic":[14,108],"policies":[15,59],"and":[16,31,72,97,133],"institutions.":[17],"The":[18,111],"objective":[19],"of":[20,36,48,50,63,95,104,157,190],"this":[21],"assistance":[22],"is":[23,167,207],"twofold:":[24],"augment":[26],"the":[27,45,61,80,93,102,139,150,155,161,164,175,184,188,204,211],"recipient's":[28],"capital":[29],"base":[30],"improve":[33],"its":[34,130],"allocation":[35],"resources.":[37],"This":[38],"paper":[39],"offers":[40],"a":[41,123,146,178],"political\u2010economy":[42],"explanation":[43],"for":[44,210],"limited":[46],"success":[47],"some":[49],"these":[51],"loan":[52,85,112,151,193],"programs.":[53],"In":[54],"our":[55],"model,":[56],"governments":[57,197],"select":[58],"under":[60],"influence":[62,103],"interest":[64,105,180],"groups.":[65],"Their":[66],"capacity":[67],"absorb":[69],"IFI":[70,176],"loans":[71],"reform":[74,142,185],"efforts":[75],"are":[76,144],"both":[77],"unobservable":[78],"IFI.":[81,140,212],"An":[82],"optimally":[83],"designed":[84,192],"mechanism":[86,113,165,206],"must":[87,135],"create":[88],"sufficient":[89],"incentives":[90,143],"\u2013":[91,99],"form":[94],"rewards":[96],"punishments":[98],"counter":[101],"groups":[106],"on":[107,154,160],"policy":[109],"choices.":[110],"is,":[114],"however,":[115],"constrained":[116],"two":[118],"ways:":[119],"it":[120,134,169],"cannot":[121],"punish":[122],"country":[124],"so":[125,172],"severely":[126],"as":[127],"threaten":[129],"political":[131],"stability":[132],"remain":[136],"affordable":[137],"Whenever":[141],"inadequate,":[145],"government":[147],"will":[148,195],"accept":[149],"but":[152],"cheat":[153],"implementation":[156],"reforms.":[158],"If,":[159],"other":[162],"hand,":[163],"design":[166],"optimal,":[168],"might":[170],"be":[171],"costly":[173,209],"that":[177],"well\u2010entrenched":[179],"group":[181],"can":[182],"block":[183],"program.":[186],"Nonetheless,":[187],"availability":[189],"properly":[191],"mechanisms":[194],"push":[196],"implement":[199],"partial":[200],"reforms":[201],"even":[202],"if":[203],"optimal":[205],"too":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}