{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014877462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","title":"Is There Always Escalation of Commitment?","display_name":"Is There Always Escalation of Commitment?","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014877462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","mag":"2014877462"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147670119","display_name":"Psychological Reports","issn_l":"0033-2941","issn":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101086113","display_name":"Ming S. Singer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming S. Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Canterbury"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109010017","display_name":"Alan E. Singer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan E. Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Canterbury"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Canterbury","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2819,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54881266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"3","first_page":"816","last_page":"818"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13841","display_name":"Psychology of Social Influence","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escalation-of-commitment","display_name":"escalation of commitment","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-feedback","display_name":"negative feedback","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"replication","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making","display_name":"decision-making","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.4090000092983246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158981924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799353","display_name":"Escalation of commitment","level":2,"score":0.9514141082763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7625874280929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776056953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1182511","display_name":"De-escalation","level":2,"score":0.6664607524871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83030740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267236","display_name":"Organizational commitment","level":2,"score":0.6443879008293152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781162219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26250693","display_name":"Replicate","level":2,"score":0.5722253918647766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5614738464355469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5563409328460693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.4707385003566742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11631008982658386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09592989087104797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0761387050151825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147670119","display_name":"Psychological Reports","issn_l":"0033-2941","issn":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030475984","https://openalex.org/W2031180753","https://openalex.org/W2065317969","https://openalex.org/W2130173750"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2510953699","https://openalex.org/W3173516710","https://openalex.org/W4411436092","https://openalex.org/W4233314148","https://openalex.org/W7099131925","https://openalex.org/W1961096551","https://openalex.org/W2169517738","https://openalex.org/W3164669268","https://openalex.org/W1607044228","https://openalex.org/W3186539350"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,29,54],"Staw":[1],"(1976)":[2],"study":[3,10,31],"and":[4,49],"the":[5,23,35,44,82,86,93],"Bazerman,":[6],"et":[7],"al.":[8],"(1984)":[9],"showed":[11,63],"that":[12,64],"individuals":[13],"responsible":[14],"for":[15,43,92],"negative":[16,50,72],"consequences":[17],"consistently":[18],"escalated":[19],"their":[20],"commitment":[21,38,70,80],"to":[22,33,85],"previously":[24],"chosen":[25],"course":[26],"of":[27,37,46,58,69],"action.":[28],"present":[30,55],"attempted":[32],"replicate":[34],"escalation":[36,68],"phenomenon.":[39],"Staw's":[40],"experimental":[41],"procedures":[42],"condition":[45],"high":[47],"responsibility":[48],"feedback":[51],"were":[52,96],"followed.":[53],"sample":[56],"consisted":[57],"93":[59],"university":[60],"students.":[61],"Analysis":[62],"there":[65],"was":[66,75],"no":[67],"following":[71,81],"feedback.":[73],"There":[74],"a":[76],"significant":[77],"reduction":[78],"in":[79],"initial":[83],"allocations":[84],"Industrial":[87],"Products":[88],"Division.":[89],"Possible":[90],"interpretations":[91],"inconsistent":[94],"findings":[95],"proposed.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
