{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014809557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19870388","title":"Direct two's-complement algorithm for xy \u00b1 z","display_name":"Direct two's-complement algorithm for xy \u00b1 z","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-05-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014809557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19870388","mag":"2014809557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/el:19870388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19870388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19870388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149016011","display_name":"Electronics Letters","issn_l":"0013-5194","issn":["0013-5194","1350-911X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113612474","display_name":"Stamatis Vassiliadis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2335-1543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2335-1543"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Vassiliadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Corporation, 1701 North Street, Endicott, NY 13760, USA","IBM Corp., Endicott, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corporation, 1701 North Street, Endicott, NY 13760, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corp., Endicott, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084304226","display_name":"M. Putrino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Putrino","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Corporation, 1701 North Street, Endicott, NY 13760, USA","IBM (United States), Armonk, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corporation, 1701 North Street, Endicott, NY 13760, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM (United States), Armonk, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053709803","display_name":"E. Swartz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Swartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Corporation, 1701 North Street, Endicott, NY 13760, USA","IBM (United States), Armonk, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corporation, 1701 North Street, Endicott, NY 13760, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM (United States), Armonk, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"10","first_page":"538","last_page":"540"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11693","display_name":"Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic","score":0.34940001368522644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.0284000001847744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-s-complement-arithmetic","display_name":"two's complement arithmetic","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/array-multiplier","display_name":"array multiplier","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signed-number-representation","display_name":"signed number representation","score":0.33000001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112313634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886648","display_name":"Complement (music)","level":5,"score":0.7888650894165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6026513576507568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5877866744995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5816806554794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135598885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366302","display_name":"Row","level":2,"score":0.5231565237045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5016508102416992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.4677583873271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201290732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130762","display_name":"Multiplication algorithm","level":3,"score":0.46392711997032166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.4594598114490509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104140500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088159","display_name":"Row and column spaces","level":3,"score":0.44933459162712097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4457133114337921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43460142612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.2547520399093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188082640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780899","display_name":"Complementation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/el:19870388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19870388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19870388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149016011","display_name":"Electronics Letters","issn_l":"0013-5194","issn":["0013-5194","1350-911X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388459175","https://openalex.org/W1722319089","https://openalex.org/W3149499795","https://openalex.org/W1967014965","https://openalex.org/W2048773562","https://openalex.org/W2000925424","https://openalex.org/W38068735","https://openalex.org/W2160958013","https://openalex.org/W2366944062","https://openalex.org/W2007452896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"algorithm":[1],"for":[2,15],"the":[3],"direct":[4,30],"computation":[5],"of":[6],"multiplication":[7],"with":[8],"add":[9],"or":[10],"subtract":[11],"operations":[12],"is":[13],"described":[14],"two's-complement":[16],"notation":[17],"requiring":[18],"no":[19,23],"additional":[20],"rows":[21],"and":[22],"negative":[24],"terms":[25],"as":[26],"compared":[27],"to":[28],"a":[29],"array":[31],"multiplier.":[32]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}