{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014698979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2112307","title":"Returning to School and Women's Occupational Attainment","display_name":"Returning to School and Women's Occupational Attainment","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014698979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2112307","mag":"2014698979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2112307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2112307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2112307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36718530","display_name":"Sociology of Education","issn_l":"0038-0407","issn":["0038-0407","1939-8573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sociology of Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000543646","display_name":"Diane Felmlee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4211-0489","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4211-0489"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diane H. Felmlee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000543646"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4068,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96851202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"1","first_page":"29","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.5547000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.5547000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.2087000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13989","display_name":"Labour Market and Migration","score":0.1468999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-attainment","display_name":"occupational attainment","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-prestige","display_name":"occupational prestige","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-mobility","display_name":"occupational mobility","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-women","display_name":"Black women","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-women","display_name":"white women","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-barriers","display_name":"structural barriers","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-rewards","display_name":"job rewards","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779297142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412","display_name":"Educational attainment","level":2,"score":0.5804179906845093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145472048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829367","display_name":"Sociology of Education","level":2,"score":0.4623412489891052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910887555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282773","display_name":"Occupational mobility","level":2,"score":0.4502682685852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42960830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604521","display_name":"Status attainment","level":4,"score":0.4389427900314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4351186752319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4342021644115448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.36077558994293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.3115640878677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2782043218612671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.257059782743454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.17036184668540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15175214409828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.10116615891456604}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2112307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2112307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2112307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36718530","display_name":"Sociology of Education","issn_l":"0038-0407","issn":["0038-0407","1939-8573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sociology of Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.833299994468689,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.7882999777793884,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W590626245","https://openalex.org/W1520289698","https://openalex.org/W1596819205","https://openalex.org/W1970545374","https://openalex.org/W1983779505","https://openalex.org/W1988540481","https://openalex.org/W2000563834","https://openalex.org/W2003180212","https://openalex.org/W2005232000","https://openalex.org/W2009710423","https://openalex.org/W2029030416","https://openalex.org/W2035977433","https://openalex.org/W2043843087","https://openalex.org/W2070821786","https://openalex.org/W2113532537","https://openalex.org/W2329718980","https://openalex.org/W2479762086","https://openalex.org/W3044348100"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035334449","https://openalex.org/W7099214445","https://openalex.org/W2526969789","https://openalex.org/W2025026040","https://openalex.org/W2062224117","https://openalex.org/W4400746712","https://openalex.org/W7098506864","https://openalex.org/W7095629545","https://openalex.org/W1975627132","https://openalex.org/W1966386321"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"More":[0],"and":[1,31,43,54,79,101],"more":[2,41,126],"women":[3,30,33,119],"are":[4,72,124,163],"returning":[5,84],"to":[6,39,60,85,95,122,128,165],"school":[7,96,123],"after":[8],"a":[9],"period":[10],"of":[11,64,83,133,159],"employment":[12],"in":[13,47,108,112,141],"the":[14,22,36,65,130,146],"labor":[15,37],"force.":[16],"The":[17,62],"study":[18],"reported":[19],"here":[20],"examined":[21],"factors":[23],"that":[24,28,69,92,118,149],"make":[25],"it":[26],"likely":[27,127],"white":[29,80],"black":[32,77],"will":[34],"leave":[35],"force":[38],"obtain":[40],"schooling":[42,151],"whether":[44],"this":[45],"increase":[46],"education":[48],"significantly":[49],"improves":[50],"their":[51,134],"wage":[52,99],"levels":[53],"job":[55,70],"prestige":[56,104],"when":[57],"they":[58,138],"return":[59,94,121],"work.":[61],"results":[63],"initial":[66],"analysis":[67],"revealed":[68],"rewards":[71],"an":[73,113],"important":[74],"influence":[75],"on":[76],"women's":[78,81,93,153],"rates":[82],"school.":[86],"In":[87,144],"addition,":[88],"regression":[89],"analyses":[90],"demonstrated":[91],"yields":[97],"modest":[98],"increases":[100],"increased":[102],"occupational":[103,114,131,154],"(with":[105],"certain":[106],"exceptions)":[107],"subsequent":[109],"jobs.":[110],"Data":[111],"mobility":[115],"table":[116],"show":[117,148],"who":[120],"also":[125],"improve":[129],"category":[132],"job,":[135],"although":[136],"usually":[137],"remain":[139],"employed":[140],"gender-typical":[142],"occupations.":[143],"general,":[145],"findings":[147],"additional":[150],"benefits":[152],"attainment,":[155],"but,":[156],"perhaps":[157],"because":[158],"structural":[160],"barriers,":[161],"there":[162],"limitations":[164],"these":[166],"benefits.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
