{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014216758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","title":"Pathways for Knowledge: How Companies Learn Through People","display_name":"Pathways for Knowledge: How Companies Learn Through People","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014216758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","mag":"2014216758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230903","display_name":"Engineering Management Journal","issn_l":"1042-9247","issn":["1042-9247","2377-0643"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077766388","display_name":"William R. Truran","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William R. Truran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stevens Institute of Technology","Stevens Inst of Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stevens Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stevens Inst of Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077766388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40051199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"15","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12028","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","score":0.788100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12028","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","score":0.788100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.14419999718666077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13163","display_name":"Organizational Learning and Leadership","score":0.04650000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-learning","display_name":"organizational learning","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"knowledge management","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-transfer","display_name":"knowledge transfer","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-personnel","display_name":"R&D personnel","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sharing","display_name":"information sharing","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tacit-knowledge","display_name":"tacit knowledge","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-communication","display_name":"informal communication","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-competencies","display_name":"core competencies","score":0.8650000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.503325879573822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776604539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423395","display_name":"Knowledge sharing","level":2,"score":0.5015754699707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.49218621850013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4833330810070038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.47567692399024963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.4695340394973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169735623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430172","display_name":"Organizational learning","level":2,"score":0.44230738282203674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3877636790275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33044254779815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30742037296295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.22614094614982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17917165160179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15451011061668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.1998.11415003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230903","display_name":"Engineering Management Journal","issn_l":"1042-9247","issn":["1042-9247","2377-0643"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W207984132","https://openalex.org/W653152665","https://openalex.org/W1495419098","https://openalex.org/W1513610974","https://openalex.org/W2045462450","https://openalex.org/W2047729773","https://openalex.org/W2062317934","https://openalex.org/W2062628378","https://openalex.org/W2174565250","https://openalex.org/W2798278799","https://openalex.org/W4242799929","https://openalex.org/W4301377693","https://openalex.org/W4388147587","https://openalex.org/W6609997600","https://openalex.org/W6638404845"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026461656","https://openalex.org/W206047677","https://openalex.org/W1604874226","https://openalex.org/W284124841","https://openalex.org/W1997373437","https://openalex.org/W3040024194","https://openalex.org/W2778046620","https://openalex.org/W2702083820","https://openalex.org/W113515401","https://openalex.org/W7112123224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"reports":[1],"state":[2],"that":[3,120,152,201],"an":[4],"organization":[5],"may":[6],"be":[7],"more":[8,134],"successful":[9,215,251],"if":[10],"the":[11,23,35,39,52,56,66,76,88,111,124,130,153,160,204,226,237,243,255,270,276,279],"company":[12,71,131,139,168,183,271],"exhibits":[13],"a":[14,45,70,179,193],"high":[15],"level":[16],"of":[17,22,27,68,75,123,129,137,182,207,211,214,239,245,250,267,278,284],"learning.":[18],"Learning":[19],"and":[20,60,99,104,144,218,230,242,281],"storage":[21],"knowledge":[24,57,125,140],"gained":[25],"is":[26,58,186,291],"great":[28],"importance":[29],"to":[30,192,203,225,257,293],"this":[31],"end.":[32],"Where":[33],"do":[34],"people":[36,80,114,217,235],"within":[37],"R&D,":[38],"area":[40],"generating":[41],"new":[42,265],"products":[43],"for":[44,48,116,234],"company,":[46],"look":[47,115],"knowledge?":[49],"What":[50],"are":[51],"means":[53,155,174],"by":[54,78,90,172],"which":[55,79,91],"conveyed,":[59],"between":[61],"whom?":[62],"This":[63,261],"paper":[64],"explores":[65],"issue":[67],"how":[69],"learns":[72],"through":[73,146],"investigation":[74],"pathways":[77],"convey":[81],"information.":[82],"A":[83,209,248,287],"structured":[84],"interview":[85],"process":[86],"elicited":[87],"avenues":[89],"R&D":[92],"personnel":[93],"in":[94,223],"top":[95],"American":[96],"companies":[97,220,253],"find":[98],"transmit":[100],"knowledge.":[101],"Several":[102],"interesting":[103,212],"provocative":[105],"opinions":[106],"were":[107,221,236],"obtained:":[108],"1)":[109],"on":[110],"average,":[112],"when":[113],"knowledge,":[117],"they":[118],"consider":[119],"about":[121],"64%":[122],"base":[126],"resides":[127],"outside":[128],"boundaries;":[132],"2)":[133],"than":[135],"half":[136],"all":[138],"transmission":[141],"flows":[142],"verbally":[143],"informally":[145],"ad":[147],"hoc":[148],"channels,":[149],"giving":[150],"evidence":[151],"communication":[154],"has":[156],"changed":[157],"greatly":[158],"over":[159],"past":[161],"decade.":[162],"Ten":[163],"years":[164],"ago,":[165],"most":[166],"large":[167],"information":[169,184],"was":[170,254],"sent":[171],"explicit":[173],"(e.g.,":[175],"formal":[176],"documents).":[177],"Today,":[178],"growing":[180],"amount":[181],"sharing":[185],"taking":[187],"place":[188],"via":[189],"fax":[190],"and,":[191],"greater":[194],"degree,":[195],"email.":[196],"From":[197],"near":[198],"zero":[199],"at":[200],"time,":[202],"present":[205],"range":[206],"25%.":[208],"number":[210],"indicators":[213],"learning":[216,219,252],"described,":[222],"addition":[224],"documented":[227],"success":[228],"rates":[229],"good":[231,259],"ROI.":[232],"Measures":[233],"diversity":[238],"projects":[240],"given":[241],"breadth":[244],"questions":[246],"asked.":[247],"measure":[249],"ability":[256],"hire":[258],"people.":[260],"study":[262,290],"gives":[263],"significant":[264],"dimensions":[266],"needs":[268],"beyond":[269],"boundaries.":[272],"It":[273],"also":[274],"reinforces":[275],"concept":[277],"tacit":[280],"informal":[282],"nature":[283],"core":[285],"competencies.":[286],"further":[288],"descriptive":[289],"anticipated":[292],"confirm":[294],"these":[295],"findings.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
