{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014102115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0320","title":"Fracture Toughness Testing of Pipeline Girth Welds","display_name":"Fracture Toughness Testing of Pipeline Girth Welds","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014102115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0320","mag":"2014102115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1115/ipc2004-0320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306497740","display_name":"International Pipeline Conference (IPC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 International Pipeline Conference, Volumes 1, 2, and 3","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111624765","display_name":"G. Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2034-8639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2034-8639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072994098","display_name":"J. A. Gianetto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-452X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-452X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Gianetto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054574390","display_name":"R. Bouchard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Bouchard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075788331","display_name":"John T. Bowker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. T. Bowker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035459010","display_name":"William R. Tyson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-1945","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-1945"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. R. Tyson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5994,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80593247,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1625","last_page":"1634"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10396","display_name":"Fatigue and fracture mechanics","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10396","display_name":"Fatigue and fracture mechanics","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.020500000566244125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14076","display_name":"Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms","score":0.010200000368058681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-toughness-testing","display_name":"fracture toughness testing","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline-girth-welds","display_name":"pipeline girth welds","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crack-tip-opening-displacement","display_name":"crack tip opening displacement","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shielded-metal-arc-welding","display_name":"shielded metal arc welding","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x80-steel","display_name":"X80 pipeline steel","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weld-microstructure","display_name":"weld microstructure","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-compression","display_name":"local compression","score":0.9430000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777434295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959831","display_name":"Girth (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.728999674320221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.622118353843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6011996269226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167773975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1992360","display_name":"Shielded metal arc welding","level":5,"score":0.5545343160629272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97549433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911969","display_name":"Fracture toughness","level":2,"score":0.5332642793655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51830879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008045","display_name":"Crack tip opening displacement","level":4,"score":0.47273504734039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99595764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486802","display_name":"Toughness","level":2,"score":0.47194331884384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.46328204870224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.4344188868999481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.3919919729232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2788075804710388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59085676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q957852","display_name":"Fracture mechanics","level":2,"score":0.2225562036037445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21947547793388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16949471831321716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20480867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422937","display_name":"Arc welding","level":3,"score":0.15253981947898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1413586139678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3450827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1627310","display_name":"Gas tungsten arc welding","level":4,"score":0.1318851113319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75512024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17009280","display_name":"Crack closure","level":3,"score":0.11770465970039368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1115/ipc2004-0320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306497740","display_name":"International Pipeline Conference (IPC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 International Pipeline Conference, Volumes 1, 2, and 3","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385891666","https://openalex.org/W2382231907","https://openalex.org/W3109420460","https://openalex.org/W2800175022","https://openalex.org/W7203659106","https://openalex.org/W4385887677","https://openalex.org/W2088318224","https://openalex.org/W59910848","https://openalex.org/W4385886173","https://openalex.org/W2530996155"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,87,99,168],"guidelines":[1],"and":[2,32,41,127,130,150,172],"recommendations":[3],"for":[4,121,133,152],"fracture":[5],"toughness":[6,173],"testing":[7,95],"of":[8,26,123,135,146,162,170,180],"pipeline":[9,85],"girth":[10,182],"welds":[11,183],"outlined":[12],"in":[13,20,50,80],"CSA":[14,27],"Z662-03,":[15,28],"Annex":[16,24],"K":[17,25],"are":[18,45,97,165],"reviewed":[19],"this":[21],"work.":[22],"In":[23,62],"the":[29,42,63,93,104,114,119,124,128,141,160,178,181],"specimen":[30,148],"type":[31],"notch":[33],"location":[34,149],"have":[35,68],"been":[36,69,186],"grouped":[37],"into":[38],"four":[39],"categories":[40],"CTOD":[43,66],"tests":[44,67],"to":[46,102],"be":[47],"carried":[48],"out":[49],"accordance":[51],"with":[52,174],"either":[53],"BSI":[54],"Standard":[55,59],"7448":[56],"or":[57],"ASTM":[58],"E":[60],"1290.":[61],"present":[64],"study,":[65],"conducted":[70],"on":[71],"a":[72,81],"manual":[73],"shielded-metal-arc":[74],"weld":[75],"(SMAW)":[76],"that":[77,110],"was":[78,101],"prepared":[79],"high":[82],"strength":[83,171],"X80":[84],"steel.":[86],"experimental":[88],"results":[89],"obtained":[90],"by":[91],"applying":[92],"two":[94,108],"standards":[96,109],"compared.":[98],"focus":[100],"identify":[103],"differences":[105],"between":[106],"these":[107],"may":[111],"significantly":[112],"affect":[113],"test":[115,147],"results,":[116],"such":[117,143],"as":[118,144,157,159],"requirements":[120],"straightness":[122],"fatigue":[125],"crack,":[126],"equations":[129],"parameters":[131],"used":[132],"evaluation":[134],"CTOD.":[136],"Some":[137],"additional":[138],"factors":[139],"affecting":[140],"testing,":[142],"selection":[145],"procedures":[151],"targeting":[153],"specific":[154],"weldment":[155],"microstructures":[156],"well":[158],"application":[161],"local":[163],"compression,":[164],"also":[166,185],"discussed.":[167],"variation":[169],"clock":[175],"position":[176],"around":[177],"circumference":[179],"has":[184],"studied.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-06T10:28:23.643775","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
