{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014021179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.766679","title":"Enhancement of overwritten text in the Archimedes Palimpsest","display_name":"Enhancement of overwritten text in the Archimedes Palimpsest","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014021179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.766679","mag":"2014021179"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.766679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.766679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.766679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111854641","display_name":"Keith T. Knox","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295339012","display_name":"Boeing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04sm5zn07","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295339012"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keith T. Knox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boeing LTS (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boeing LTS (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295339012"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111854641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295339012"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":53.2402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9985229,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"6810","issue":null,"first_page":"681004","last_page":"681004"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archimedes-palimpsest","display_name":"Archimedes Palimpsest","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-imaging","display_name":"spectral imaging","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrow-band-imaging","display_name":"narrow-band imaging","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-unmixing","display_name":"spectral unmixing","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-ray-fluorescence","display_name":"X-ray fluorescence","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-gall-ink","display_name":"iron gall ink","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-icons","display_name":"Byzantine icons","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manuscript-preservation","display_name":"manuscript conservation","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-greek-manuscripts","display_name":"ancient Greek manuscripts","score":0.3880000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780845164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q226697","display_name":"Parchment","level":2,"score":0.9151298999786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778261517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274076","display_name":"Palimpsest","level":2,"score":0.7080377340316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4750269055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3839631676673889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.26980727910995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.16385048627853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.11689430475234985}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.766679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.766679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.766679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990545809","https://openalex.org/W7132645656","https://openalex.org/W2097524526","https://openalex.org/W2032313972","https://openalex.org/W843396619","https://openalex.org/W2033880213","https://openalex.org/W1508685679","https://openalex.org/W806220593","https://openalex.org/W7100223545","https://openalex.org/W2002080892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Archimedes":[1,60],"Palimpsest":[2],"is":[3,54,75],"a":[4,26,36,47],"thousand-year":[5],"old":[6],"overwritten":[7,22],"parchment":[8],"manuscript,":[9],"containing":[10],"several":[11],"treatises":[12],"by":[13,77,99,106,185],"Archimedes.":[14],"Eight":[15],"hundred":[16],"years":[17],"ago,":[18],"it":[19,158,180],"was":[20,120],"erased,":[21],"and":[23,52,56,91,155,178],"bound":[24],"into":[25,92],"prayer":[27],"book.":[28],"In":[29],"the":[30,33,58,70,79,85,88,93,118,133,136,142,148,152,161,172,175,186,189,192],"middle":[31],"of":[32,49,102,117,144,174,191],"twentieth":[34],"century,":[35],"few":[37],"pages":[38],"were":[39],"painted":[40,137],"over":[41],"with":[42,81,122],"forged":[43],"Byzantine":[44],"icons.":[45,138],"Today,":[46],"team":[48],"imagers,":[50],"scholars":[51,187],"conservators":[53],"recovering":[55],"interpreting":[57],"erased":[59,71,149,176],"writings.":[61],"Two":[62],"different":[63],"methods":[64],"have":[65,166],"been":[66,129,167],"used":[67,130],"to":[68,131,146,156,160,182],"reveal":[69],"undertext.":[72],"Spectral":[73],"information":[74],"obtained":[76],"illuminating":[78],"manuscript":[80],"narrow-band":[82],"light":[83],"from":[84,111],"ultraviolet,":[86],"through":[87],"visible":[89,159],"wavebands":[90],"near-infrared":[94],"wavelengths.":[95],"Characters":[96],"are":[97],"extracted":[98],"combining":[100],"pairs":[101],"spectral":[103,107],"bands":[104],"or":[105],"unmixing":[108],"techniques":[109,165],"adapted":[110],"remote":[112],"sensing.":[113],"Lastly,":[114],"since":[115],"all":[116],"text":[119,150,177],"written":[121],"iron":[123],"gall":[124],"ink,":[125],"X-Ray":[126],"fluorescence":[127],"has":[128],"expose":[132],"ink":[134],"underneath":[135],"This":[139],"paper":[140],"describes":[141],"use":[143],"color":[145],"enhance":[147],"in":[151],"processed":[153],"images":[154],"make":[157,179],"scholars.":[162],"Special":[163],"pseudocolor":[164],"developed":[168],"that":[169],"significantly":[170],"increase":[171],"contrast":[173],"possible":[181],"be":[183],"read":[184],"despite":[188],"presence":[190],"obscuring,":[193],"overlaid":[194],"text.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}