{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014006221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","title":"Evaluation of Plasmodium Infestation and Malarial Complications among Pre-School Going Children in District Lower Dir, Pakistan","display_name":"Evaluation of Plasmodium Infestation and Malarial Complications among Pre-School Going Children in District Lower Dir, Pakistan","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014006221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","mag":"2014006221"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","pdf_url":"http://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/jbls/article/download/7174/6528","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764385188","display_name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","issn_l":"2157-6076","issn":["2157-6076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328141805","host_organization_name":"Macrothink Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328141805"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Macrothink Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/jbls/article/download/7174/6528","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023078047","display_name":"Jehan Zeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-9935","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-9935"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jehan Zeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, University of Hazara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, University of Hazara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109454884","display_name":"Mian Sayed Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mian Sayed Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, Hazara University","Department: Zoology, Hazara University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, Hazara University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department: Zoology, Hazara University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026025781","display_name":"Naseer Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6401-7563","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6401-7563","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8964-7071"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naseer Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department: Animal sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department: Animal sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101757112","display_name":"Hamid Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2166-0887","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2166-0887"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36001604","display_name":"University of Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02t2qwf81","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36001604"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36001604"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103440629","display_name":"Musharaf Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Musharaf Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, Hazara University","Department: Zoology, Hazara University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, Hazara University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department: Zoology, Hazara University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103002179","display_name":"Ghulam Nabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5256-0083","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5256-0083"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12469534","display_name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","ror":"https://ror.org/04s9hft57","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghulam Nabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quaid-i-azam University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quaid-i-azam University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12469534"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042245782","display_name":"Abid Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3030-3371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3030-3371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I246743127","display_name":"The University of Agriculture, Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02sp3q482","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abid Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering\r\nThe University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering#R##N#The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering\r\nThe University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering#R##N#The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"81","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10091","display_name":"Malaria Research and Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10091","display_name":"Malaria Research and Control","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12178","display_name":"Bird parasitology and diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malaria","display_name":"malaria","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmodium-vivax","display_name":"Plasmodium vivax","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmodium-falciparum","display_name":"Plasmodium falciparum","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-malaria-infection","display_name":"mixed malaria infection","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malaria-complications","display_name":"malaria complications","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/g6pd-deficiency","display_name":"glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neonatal-sepsis","display_name":"neonatal sepsis","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-birth-weight","display_name":"low birth weight","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-distress","display_name":"respiratory distress","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lower-dir","display_name":"Lower Dir","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malaria-control","display_name":"malaria control","score":0.6769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156","display_name":"Malaria","level":2,"score":0.83323073387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779997623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311376","display_name":"Plasmodium vivax","level":4,"score":0.7441960573196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776451879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1292038","display_name":"Infestation","level":2,"score":0.6761869192123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778371730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311383","display_name":"Plasmodium falciparum","level":3,"score":0.6142464280128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.472739577293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.46511486172676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017819844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886475","display_name":"Blood smear","level":3,"score":0.4367290139198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4227990210056305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141983124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188008","display_name":"Respiratory distress","level":2,"score":0.4113122224807739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.38122206926345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.23569545149803162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.13824370503425598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","pdf_url":"http://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/jbls/article/download/7174/6528","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764385188","display_name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","issn_l":"2157-6076","issn":["2157-6076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328141805","host_organization_name":"Macrothink Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328141805"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Macrothink Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7174","pdf_url":"http://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/jbls/article/download/7174/6528","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764385188","display_name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","issn_l":"2157-6076","issn":["2157-6076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328141805","host_organization_name":"Macrothink Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328141805"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Macrothink Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322799","display_name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","ror":"https://ror.org/038y3sz68"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2014006221.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2014006221.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180285881","https://openalex.org/W658624297","https://openalex.org/W1482118833","https://openalex.org/W1604080297","https://openalex.org/W1636938975","https://openalex.org/W1918693921","https://openalex.org/W1973065305","https://openalex.org/W1973318954","https://openalex.org/W1977786447","https://openalex.org/W2011291580","https://openalex.org/W2026271953","https://openalex.org/W2035138891","https://openalex.org/W2066729340","https://openalex.org/W2074848794","https://openalex.org/W2091761591","https://openalex.org/W2092365405","https://openalex.org/W2094226710","https://openalex.org/W2103147419","https://openalex.org/W2107954822","https://openalex.org/W2115170345","https://openalex.org/W2120134173","https://openalex.org/W2124136925","https://openalex.org/W2129816308","https://openalex.org/W2137827130","https://openalex.org/W2171192683","https://openalex.org/W2188369661","https://openalex.org/W2414599074","https://openalex.org/W2462219813","https://openalex.org/W2801114077"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7203577749","https://openalex.org/W4415261333","https://openalex.org/W2749915228","https://openalex.org/W6949994889","https://openalex.org/W3193305549","https://openalex.org/W2256662711","https://openalex.org/W2779862278","https://openalex.org/W7100653560","https://openalex.org/W2091761591","https://openalex.org/W2982827108"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,26,37,68,82],"this":[3],"study":[4],"was":[5,113],"to":[6,75],"show":[7],"Plasmodium":[8,95,98],"species":[9,103,169],"burden":[10],"and":[11,33,46,53,58,101,106,122,150,171],"symptoms":[12,129],"consistent":[13],"with":[14,94,164],"malaria":[15,126,158],"related":[16],"complications":[17],"among":[18],"pre-school":[19],"going":[20],"children":[21,128],"in":[22,115,174],"North":[23],"Western":[24],"part":[25],"Pakistan":[27],"(Timergara,":[28],"Munda,":[29],"Maidan,":[30],"Samar":[31],"Bagh":[32],"Talash).":[34],"A":[35],"total":[36],"1312":[38],"blood":[39],"samples":[40,91],"were":[41,63,72,92,155],"collected":[42],"during":[43],"winter,":[44],"autumn":[45,116],"summer":[47,120],"(2011),":[48],"from":[49],"males":[50],"(808,":[51],"61.5%)":[52],"females":[54],"(504,":[55],"38.4%).":[56],"Microscopy":[57],"rapid":[59],"diagnostic":[60],"tests":[61],"(RDT)":[62],"used":[64],"for":[65],"the":[66,79],"detection":[67],"plasmodium":[69],"species.":[70],"Questionnaires":[71],"also":[73],"designed":[74],"collect":[76],"information":[77],"about":[78],"health":[80],"conditions":[81],"malarial":[83],"symptomatic":[84,127],"children.":[85],"Overall":[86],"data":[87],"revealed":[88],"that":[89],"6.9%":[90],"infected,":[93],"vivax":[96,105],"(96.7%),":[97],"falciparum":[99],"(2.1%)":[100],"mixed":[102],"(P.":[104],"P.":[107],"falciparum)":[108],"(1.0%).":[109],"Highest":[110],"infection":[111],"rate":[112],"recorded":[114],"(2.87%)":[117],"followed":[118],"by":[119],"(2.45%)":[121],"winter":[123],"(1.73%).":[124],"Among":[125],"like":[130],"severe":[131],"temperature":[132],"(9.85%)":[133],"lower":[134],"RBS":[135],"count":[136],"(3.7%),":[137],"Glucose":[138],"6-phosphate":[139],"dehydrogenase":[140],"(G-6PD)":[141],"deficiency":[142],"(0.65%),":[143,146],"respiratory":[144],"distress":[145],"neonatal":[147],"sepsis":[148],"(0.64%)":[149],"low":[151],"birth":[152],"weight":[153],"(0.42%)":[154],"observed.":[156],"Shortly":[157],"control":[159],"efforts":[160],"should":[161],"be":[162],"taken":[163],"an":[165],"emphasis":[166],"on":[167],"improving":[168],"diagnosis":[170],"treatment":[172],"availability":[173],"district":[175],"Dir":[176],"Lower.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}