{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013989467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","title":"Claim-Evidence Structures in Environmental Science Writing: Modifying Toulmin's Model to Account for Multimodal Arguments","display_name":"Claim-Evidence Structures in Environmental Science Writing: Modifying Toulmin's Model to Account for Multimodal Arguments","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013989467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","mag":"2013989467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164618427","display_name":"Technical Communication Quarterly","issn_l":"1057-2252","issn":["1057-2252","1542-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technical Communication Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020901935","display_name":"Carl Whithaus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3790-6696","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3790-6696"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carl Whithaus","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California","university of california, davis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of california, davis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020901935"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242","https://openalex.org/I84218800"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.4005,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99271461,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"105","last_page":"128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12119","display_name":"Linguistics and Discourse Analysis","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12648","display_name":"Academic Writing and Publishing","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toulmin-model","display_name":"Toulmin model","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-argumentation","display_name":"multimodal argumentation","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-reports","display_name":"scientific reports","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-representation","display_name":"visual representation","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warrants","display_name":"warrants","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-argumentation","display_name":"scientific argumentation","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genre-analysis","display_name":"genre analysis","score":0.3440000116825104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.7250853180885315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7149369716644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152747807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1854913","display_name":"Summative assessment","level":3,"score":0.6003796458244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3941524624824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33828461170196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3382530212402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3284454941749573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.18054154515266418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13419193029403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.10756921768188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10572252.2012.641431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164618427","display_name":"Technical Communication Quarterly","issn_l":"1057-2252","issn":["1057-2252","1542-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technical Communication Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22434748","https://openalex.org/W59945560","https://openalex.org/W583127553","https://openalex.org/W1490781083","https://openalex.org/W1510749722","https://openalex.org/W1520944543","https://openalex.org/W1523361320","https://openalex.org/W1536367817","https://openalex.org/W1658908529","https://openalex.org/W1927726812","https://openalex.org/W1967250415","https://openalex.org/W1978396390","https://openalex.org/W1980850924","https://openalex.org/W1996250712","https://openalex.org/W1997210479","https://openalex.org/W2013421340","https://openalex.org/W2015943138","https://openalex.org/W2016287277","https://openalex.org/W2067442519","https://openalex.org/W2083425820","https://openalex.org/W2085081981","https://openalex.org/W2139756705","https://openalex.org/W2321621029","https://openalex.org/W2478458993","https://openalex.org/W2494018079","https://openalex.org/W2798009166","https://openalex.org/W2886721055","https://openalex.org/W2906151105","https://openalex.org/W3022452870","https://openalex.org/W3035837116","https://openalex.org/W4230448979","https://openalex.org/W4246273598","https://openalex.org/W4292952947","https://openalex.org/W6630365033"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7165675936","https://openalex.org/W2765241725","https://openalex.org/W6998708447","https://openalex.org/W7010899651","https://openalex.org/W4402419121","https://openalex.org/W215544923","https://openalex.org/W3208959576","https://openalex.org/W2125920251","https://openalex.org/W4416076367","https://openalex.org/W1844955205"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"develops":[2],"a":[3,220],"multimodal":[4,223],"model":[5],"for":[6,155],"how":[7],"claims":[8,182],"and":[9,15,27,60,121,170,180,197,204],"evidence":[10,194],"work":[11],"across":[12],"linguistic,":[13],"numeric,":[14,202],"visual":[16,171],"modes":[17],"in":[18,128,173,189,201],"the":[19,50,129,210],"professional":[20],"writing":[21],"of":[22,49,53,63,125,158,167,216],"environmental":[23],"scientists.":[24],"I":[25],"coded":[26],"analyzed":[28],"two":[29],"reports":[30],"(Bacey":[31],"&":[32,39,113],"Barry,":[33],"2008":[34,44],"Bacey":[35],",":[36,38,41,74,89,91,93,95,97,100,102,104,106,108,110,112,115,140],"J.":[37,90,107],"Barry":[40],"T.":[42],"(":[43,117],").":[45,119],"A":[46],"comparison":[47],"study":[48],"proper":[51],"use":[52],"Hester-Dendy\u00ae":[54],"samplers":[55],"to":[56,212],"achieve":[57],"maximum":[58],"diversity":[59],"population":[61],"size":[62],"benthic":[64],"macroinvertebrates":[65],"Sacramento":[66,139],"Valley,":[67],"California":[68,77,143],"(Report":[69,136],"No.":[70],"EH08-2)":[71],".":[72,81,138,147],"Sarcramento":[73],"CA":[75,141],":":[76,142],"Environmental":[78,144],"Protection":[79,145],"Agency":[80,146],"[Google":[82,148],"Scholar];":[83],"Levine":[84,88],"et":[85],"al.,":[86],"2005":[87,118],"Kim":[92],"D.":[94],"Goh":[96],"K.":[98],"S.":[99],"Ganapathy":[101],"C.":[103],"Hsu":[105],"Feng":[109],"H.":[111],"Lee":[114],"P.":[116],"Surface":[120],"ground":[122],"water":[123],"monitoring":[124],"pesticides":[126],"used":[127],"Red":[130],"Imported":[131],"Fire":[132],"Ant":[133],"Control":[134],"Program":[135],"EH05-02)":[137],"Scholar])":[149],"written":[150],"by":[151,162],"research":[152],"scientists":[153],"working":[154],"California's":[156],"Department":[157],"Pesticide":[159],"Regulation":[160],"(DPR)":[161],"applying":[163],"concepts":[164],"from":[165],"studies":[166],"argument,":[168],"genre,":[169],"representations":[172],"science.":[174],"The":[175],"claim-evidence":[176,217],"patterns":[177],"show":[178],"initial":[179],"summative":[181],"as":[183,185],"well":[184],"warrants":[186],"being":[187],"presented":[188],"linguistic":[190,205],"forms;":[191],"however,":[192],"supporting":[193],"(i.e.,":[195],"data":[196],"backing)":[198],"is":[199],"found":[200],"visual,":[203],"forms.":[206],"These":[207],"findings":[208],"highlight":[209],"need":[211],"extend":[213],"Toulmin's":[214],"understanding":[215],"relationships":[218],"into":[219],"more":[221],"robust":[222],"model.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
