{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013791296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","title":"Rapid silent response to repeated target symbols by dyslexic and nondyslexic children","display_name":"Rapid silent response to repeated target symbols by dyslexic and nondyslexic children","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013791296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","mag":"2013791296","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/698784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61781353","display_name":"Brain and Language","issn_l":"0093-934X","issn":["0093-934X","1090-2155"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain and Language","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004058896","display_name":"Rita G. Rudel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R RUDEL","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University USA","College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004058896"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":{"value":3170,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3170},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3045,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94499052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"52","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dyslexia","display_name":"dyslexia","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-automatized-naming","display_name":"rapid automatized naming","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancellation-task","display_name":"cancellation task","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disabilities","display_name":"learning disabilities","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-functions","display_name":"language functions","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.4359999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8579790592193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5658402442932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506058694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132971","display_name":"Dyslexia","level":3,"score":0.5097166895866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5078738331794739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.45258766412734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4257810413837433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.4237591028213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4035799503326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.34152698516845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.25125908851623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004410","descriptor_name":"Dyslexia","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007360","descriptor_name":"Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007859","descriptor_name":"Learning Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011578","descriptor_name":"Psycholinguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011932","descriptor_name":"Reading","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-934x(78)90043-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61781353","display_name":"Brain and Language","issn_l":"0093-934X","issn":["0093-934X","1090-2155"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain and Language","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:698784","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/698784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain and language","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1153682118","https://openalex.org/W1608605182","https://openalex.org/W1970123059","https://openalex.org/W1992172589","https://openalex.org/W1993149113","https://openalex.org/W2005534344","https://openalex.org/W2009110498","https://openalex.org/W2013103870","https://openalex.org/W2047305780","https://openalex.org/W2049514025","https://openalex.org/W2050493990","https://openalex.org/W2078155107","https://openalex.org/W2080851888","https://openalex.org/W2083079461","https://openalex.org/W2085112900","https://openalex.org/W2094471574","https://openalex.org/W2577664326","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005534344","https://openalex.org/W2129900161","https://openalex.org/W2947137685","https://openalex.org/W1971204966","https://openalex.org/W4379208975","https://openalex.org/W2760816291","https://openalex.org/W2293363725","https://openalex.org/W2229784339","https://openalex.org/W2010460175","https://openalex.org/W2072475827"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}