{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013743216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","title":"NETWORK CONNECTIONS THAT EVOLVE TO CONTEND WITH THE INVERSE OPTICS PROBLEM","display_name":"NETWORK CONNECTIONS THAT EVOLVE TO CONTEND WITH THE INVERSE OPTICS PROBLEM","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013743216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","mag":"2013743216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/13.9.1158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"C. Ng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126319","display_name":"Duke-NUS Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/02j1m6098","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. Sundararajan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126319","display_name":"Duke-NUS Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/02j1m6098","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Sundararajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. Hogan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126319","display_name":"Duke-NUS Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/02j1m6098","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Hogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053542806","display_name":"Dale Purves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-4338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-4338"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126319","display_name":"Duke-NUS Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/02j1m6098","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}],"countries":["SG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Purves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.Department of Neurobiology, Research Drive, Duke University Medical center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.Department of Neurobiology, Research Drive, Duke University Medical center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10997533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"9","first_page":"1158","last_page":"1158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightness-perception","display_name":"lightness perception","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-scene-statistics","display_name":"natural scene statistics","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolved-neural-networks","display_name":"evolved neural networks","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lateral-inhibition","display_name":"lateral inhibition","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"contrast","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cumulative-probability","display_name":"cumulative probability","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luminance","display_name":"luminance","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptual-inference","display_name":"perceptual inference","score":0.33000001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73313986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355386","display_name":"Luminance","level":2,"score":0.781089186668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6594736576080322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.5660789608955383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.5150265693664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.502471923828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4860577881336212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4743684232234955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15123163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500096","display_name":"Psychophysics","level":3,"score":0.47157803177833557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.45966944098472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.4109647274017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3723636865615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3474584221839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.32996267080307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2848397493362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26758062839508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20301905274391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.18304234743118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14890801906585693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.09843707084655762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1167/13.9.1158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/13.9.1158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042906014","https://openalex.org/W1975833035","https://openalex.org/W2011925573","https://openalex.org/W1989250199","https://openalex.org/W7100179454","https://openalex.org/W2128393352","https://openalex.org/W2161083217","https://openalex.org/W2076141636","https://openalex.org/W2046755553","https://openalex.org/W2058901297"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"fundamental":[1],"problem":[2,47],"in":[3,13,182,210,239],"vision":[4,218],"is":[5],"understanding":[6],"how":[7],"useful":[8],"perceptions":[9],"and":[10,39,63,94,98,118,172,174,224],"behaviors":[11],"arise":[12],"the":[14,20,54,68,76,123,126,131,135,144,148,175,190,194,202,206,220,229,240],"absence":[15],"of":[16,23,37,57,78,110,125,134,168,232,252],"direct":[17],"information":[18,142],"about":[19,143],"physical":[21,145,237],"sources":[22,146],"retinal":[24],"stimuli":[25,136,234],"(the":[26],"inverse":[27],"optics":[28],"problem).":[29],"With":[30],"respect":[31],"to":[32,120,122,130,164,178,196,226,235],"light":[33,233,254,258],"intensity,":[34],"psychophysical":[35,166],"studies":[36],"lightness":[38,169],"brightness":[40],"show":[41],"that":[42,51,216],"humans":[43],"contend":[44,227],"with":[45,53,82,108,228],"this":[46,72],"by":[48],"generating":[49],"percepts":[50],"accord":[52],"cumulative":[55,132],"probabilities":[56,133],"naturally":[58],"occurring":[59],"luminance":[60,112,124],"patterns":[61,109,255],"(Yang":[62],"Purves,":[64],"2004).":[65],"To":[66],"understand":[67],"neural":[69,80],"mechanisms":[70,225],"underlying":[71,147],"strategy,":[73],"we":[74],"examined":[75],"connections":[77,101],"simple":[79],"networks":[81,105,139],"four":[83],"neurons":[84],"(a":[85],"target":[86,127,191],"sensor,":[87,90],"a":[88,95],"context":[89,207],"an":[91],"integrating":[92],"neuron":[93],"response":[96],"neuron)":[97],"three":[99],"synaptic":[100],"between":[102],"them.":[103],"The":[104,138,159,185,249],"were":[106,162],"presented":[107,269],"adjacent":[111],"values":[113],"drawn":[114],"from":[115,189,205],"natural":[116,253],"scenes":[117],"evolved":[119,160,176,186],"respond":[121],"sensor":[128,192,208],"according":[129],"experienced.":[137],"had":[140],"no":[141],"stimuli;":[149],"nor":[150],"did":[151],"they":[152],"perform":[153],"feature":[154],"analysis":[155],"or":[156],"represent":[157],"images.":[158],"responses":[161],"similar":[163],"human":[165],"functions":[167],"magnitude":[170],"estimation":[171],"contrast,":[173],"connectivity":[177],"lateral":[179],"inhibition":[180],"observed":[181],"biological":[183],"circuitry.":[184],"excitatory":[187],"connection":[188,204],"allows":[193],"network":[195],"non-linearly":[197],"scale":[198],"its":[199],"responses,":[200],"whereas":[201],"inhibitory":[203],"results":[209],"contrast":[211],"effects.":[212],"These":[213],"observations":[214],"imply":[215],"animal":[217],"uses":[219],"same":[221],"general":[222],"strategy":[223],"inherent":[230],"inability":[231],"specify":[236],"parameters":[238],"environment.":[241],"Reference:":[242],"Yang":[243],"Z":[244],"&":[245],"Purves":[246],"D":[247],"(2004)":[248],"statistical":[250],"structure":[251],"determines":[256],"perceived":[257],"intensity.":[259],"Proc":[260],"Natl":[261],"Acad":[262],"Sci":[263],"USA":[264],"101:":[265],"8745-8750.":[266],"Meeting":[267],"abstract":[268],"at":[270],"VSS":[271],"2013":[272]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}