{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013469022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3203","title":"Targeting Toll-like receptors: emerging therapeutics?","display_name":"Targeting Toll-like receptors: emerging therapeutics?","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013469022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3203","mag":"2013469022","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20380038"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/nrd3203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186543748","display_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","issn_l":"1474-1776","issn":["1474-1776","1474-1784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2013469022"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045955281","display_name":"Elizabeth J. Hennessy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-5777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-5777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth J. Hennessy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College Dublin,School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Dublin 2, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin,School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Dublin 2, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061866258","display_name":"Andrew E. Parker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155303","display_name":"Opsona Therapeutics (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a34gy67","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155303"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew E. Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opsona Therapeutics, Institute for Molecular Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, 8, Ireland","Opsona Therapeutics, Institute for Molecular Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opsona Therapeutics, Institute for Molecular Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, 8, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619","https://openalex.org/I4210155303"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opsona Therapeutics, Institute for Molecular Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619","https://openalex.org/I4210155303"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065688806","display_name":"Luke A.J. O'Neill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4333-2748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4333-2748","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8312-138X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luke A. J. O'Neill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College Dublin, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Dublin, 2, Ireland","Trinity College Dublin School of Biochemistry and Immunology Dublin Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Dublin, 2, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin School of Biochemistry and Immunology Dublin Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065688806"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7983,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":917,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98520548,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"293","last_page":"307"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11078","display_name":"Inflammasome and immune disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toll-like-receptors","display_name":"Toll-like receptors","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tlr7-agonist","display_name":"TLR7 agonist","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tlr9-agonist","display_name":"TLR9 agonist","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tlr4-inhibitor","display_name":"TLR4 inhibitor","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjuvants","display_name":"adjuvants","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-immunotherapy","display_name":"cancer immunotherapy","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-bowel-disease","display_name":"inflammatory bowel disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-lupus-erythematosus","display_name":"systemic lupus erythematosus","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sepsis","display_name":"sepsis","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ubiquitination","display_name":"ubiquitination","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microrna-regulation","display_name":"microRNA regulation","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toll-like-receptor-signaling","display_name":"Toll-like receptor signaling","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-discovery","display_name":"drug discovery","score":0.6359999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.662092924118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779138994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15332550","display_name":"TLR9","level":5,"score":0.6594473719596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779836521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14914081","display_name":"TLR7","level":5,"score":0.5928422212600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777575956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187255","display_name":"Rheumatoid arthritis","level":2,"score":0.5517239570617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.4455278813838959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4297301173210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776070231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14914098","display_name":"TLR4","level":3,"score":0.4247726798057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74187038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791","display_name":"Drug discovery","level":2,"score":0.4193274676799774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3584548234939575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776709828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408004","display_name":"Toll-like receptor","level":4,"score":0.32961928844451904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.3010772466659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.24645841121673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.2100658416748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1781633198261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11013039946556091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.08089748024940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190727270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745","display_name":"DNA methylation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015195","descriptor_name":"Drug Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035683","descriptor_name":"MicroRNAs","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051193","descriptor_name":"Toll-Like Receptors","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054875","descriptor_name":"Ubiquitination","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/nrd3203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd3203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186543748","display_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","issn_l":"1474-1776","issn":["1474-1776","1474-1784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:20380038","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20380038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature reviews. Drug discovery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312041","display_name":"Health Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/003hb2249"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":152,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58092882","https://openalex.org/W197610273","https://openalex.org/W1520445572","https://openalex.org/W1539686346","https://openalex.org/W1550542127","https://openalex.org/W1589670817","https://openalex.org/W1592986658","https://openalex.org/W1603251764","https://openalex.org/W1612465238","https://openalex.org/W1670573097","https://openalex.org/W1770811198","https://openalex.org/W1794516118","https://openalex.org/W1934712179","https://openalex.org/W1948711363","https://openalex.org/W1963751749","https://openalex.org/W1964575258","https://openalex.org/W1966049263","https://openalex.org/W1966829374","https://openalex.org/W1968143482","https://openalex.org/W1972776583","https://openalex.org/W1972799331","https://openalex.org/W1973278848","https://openalex.org/W1974102799","https://openalex.org/W1975026318","https://openalex.org/W1976010325","https://openalex.org/W1980168760","https://openalex.org/W1981533568","https://openalex.org/W1986046010","https://openalex.org/W1986211799","https://openalex.org/W1988246030","https://openalex.org/W1988402030","https://openalex.org/W1990215850","https://openalex.org/W1994108614","https://openalex.org/W1994787189","https://openalex.org/W1995217040","https://openalex.org/W1995484660","https://openalex.org/W1998055077","https://openalex.org/W2000342880","https://openalex.org/W2001367588","https://openalex.org/W2002088088","https://openalex.org/W2002623332","https://openalex.org/W2010388697","https://openalex.org/W2011129915","https://openalex.org/W2018881586","https://openalex.org/W2018943533","https://openalex.org/W2022135025","https://openalex.org/W2022890571","https://openalex.org/W2024238985","https://openalex.org/W2024719523","https://openalex.org/W2027614366","https://openalex.org/W2028400695","https://openalex.org/W2028682232","https://openalex.org/W2032655351","https://openalex.org/W2033320490","https://openalex.org/W2034028219","https://openalex.org/W2035454589","https://openalex.org/W2035630729","https://openalex.org/W2036970411","https://openalex.org/W2039461003","https://openalex.org/W2040813255","https://openalex.org/W2041392480","https://openalex.org/W2041521914","https://openalex.org/W2042288276","https://openalex.org/W2042872424","https://openalex.org/W2047411406","https://openalex.org/W2048353858","https://openalex.org/W2051940924","https://openalex.org/W2052064497","https://openalex.org/W2052778285","https://openalex.org/W2053775344","https://openalex.org/W2056198664","https://openalex.org/W2057858743","https://openalex.org/W2065662524","https://openalex.org/W2068933786","https://openalex.org/W2069800916","https://openalex.org/W2070467174","https://openalex.org/W2073250308","https://openalex.org/W2073633978","https://openalex.org/W2073743133","https://openalex.org/W2074131627","https://openalex.org/W2074134575","https://openalex.org/W2075860675","https://openalex.org/W2076038066","https://openalex.org/W2076240627","https://openalex.org/W2078150553","https://openalex.org/W2078928464","https://openalex.org/W2079790110","https://openalex.org/W2081038211","https://openalex.org/W2084454490","https://openalex.org/W2087046352","https://openalex.org/W2087144130","https://openalex.org/W2088091610","https://openalex.org/W2088586178","https://openalex.org/W2089755810","https://openalex.org/W2089774193","https://openalex.org/W2093424661","https://openalex.org/W2096137281","https://openalex.org/W2097747132","https://openalex.org/W2098238590","https://openalex.org/W2099315201","https://openalex.org/W2102326226","https://openalex.org/W2102606063","https://openalex.org/W2102929136","https://openalex.org/W2108022314","https://openalex.org/W2109201764","https://openalex.org/W2110596704","https://openalex.org/W2110768898","https://openalex.org/W2110981014","https://openalex.org/W2112100378","https://openalex.org/W2112710107","https://openalex.org/W2114637517","https://openalex.org/W2115103484","https://openalex.org/W2115381033","https://openalex.org/W2116588127","https://openalex.org/W2116843833","https://openalex.org/W2120211786","https://openalex.org/W2121908572","https://openalex.org/W2125404055","https://openalex.org/W2125945390","https://openalex.org/W2127934565","https://openalex.org/W2127988591","https://openalex.org/W2128897591","https://openalex.org/W2132413368","https://openalex.org/W2134557327","https://openalex.org/W2135876044","https://openalex.org/W2138788149","https://openalex.org/W2141040025","https://openalex.org/W2144575453","https://openalex.org/W2145330783","https://openalex.org/W2149185570","https://openalex.org/W2149697611","https://openalex.org/W2150049900","https://openalex.org/W2150736048","https://openalex.org/W2153872391","https://openalex.org/W2154479392","https://openalex.org/W2156436576","https://openalex.org/W2161367998","https://openalex.org/W2162826697","https://openalex.org/W2163353465","https://openalex.org/W2165221628","https://openalex.org/W2166094088","https://openalex.org/W2166472899","https://openalex.org/W2167640933","https://openalex.org/W2168026864","https://openalex.org/W2168165195","https://openalex.org/W2171139781","https://openalex.org/W2171323358","https://openalex.org/W2318347568","https://openalex.org/W2418944384","https://openalex.org/W2429519378","https://openalex.org/W4241949506","https://openalex.org/W4246077736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2073557608","https://openalex.org/W2119344429","https://openalex.org/W2120211786","https://openalex.org/W1980400099","https://openalex.org/W2331325650","https://openalex.org/W3202142733","https://openalex.org/W4309788050","https://openalex.org/W2513389639","https://openalex.org/W3014427753","https://openalex.org/W2900611152"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":141}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
