{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013421689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a240011","title":"Europe 1992 and Strategic Change in the International Automobile Industry","display_name":"Europe 1992 and Strategic Change in the International Automobile Industry","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013421689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a240011","mag":"2013421689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1068/a240011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a240011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a240011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87933477","display_name":"Environment and Planning A Economy and Space","issn_l":"0308-518X","issn":["0308-518X","1472-3409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042048359","display_name":"Peter Dicken","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P Dicken","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042048359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.8321,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98543062,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":"11","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14503","display_name":"Globalization, Economics, and Policies","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"automotive industry","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-change","display_name":"strategic change","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-market","display_name":"internal market","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transnational-integration","display_name":"transnational integration","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-integration","display_name":"corporate integration","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nissan","display_name":"Nissan","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European Union","score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-development-strategy","display_name":"industrial development strategy","score":0.4090000092983246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.6794938445091248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6372085213661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985089533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8932","display_name":"European market","level":2,"score":0.5158337950706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.5127078294754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.49636322259902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4869047701358795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190974861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048268","display_name":"European integration","level":3,"score":0.46347081661224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.46322086453437805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.44930604100227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770814","display_name":"Market integration","level":2,"score":0.4409346878528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.39133918285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.36670470237731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.34127479791641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3224291205406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2435915172100067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20515823364257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1407022476196289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10848110914230347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1068/a240011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a240011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a240011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87933477","display_name":"Environment and Planning A Economy and Space","issn_l":"0308-518X","issn":["0308-518X","1472-3409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:pio:envira:v:24:y:1992:i:1:p:11-31","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.envplan.com/abstract.cgi?id=a240011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:envira:v:24:y:1992:i:1:p:11-31","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1068/a240011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W561899426","https://openalex.org/W1520843661","https://openalex.org/W1581889335","https://openalex.org/W1991203768","https://openalex.org/W2028697296","https://openalex.org/W2032782043","https://openalex.org/W2045306488","https://openalex.org/W2068577707","https://openalex.org/W2132799711","https://openalex.org/W2605909519","https://openalex.org/W4243222393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905875219","https://openalex.org/W2595092036","https://openalex.org/W2120024821","https://openalex.org/W2415024008","https://openalex.org/W2004754673","https://openalex.org/W7168271372","https://openalex.org/W2012315629","https://openalex.org/W2521741721","https://openalex.org/W616365394","https://openalex.org/W171077705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Western":[0],"Europe":[1,125,179],"is":[2,51,70,110,140,146],"the":[3,10,19,23,27,65,93,101,113,116,127,130,142,173,184],"world's":[4],"largest":[5],"automobile":[6,14,24,103,122,154],"market":[7],"and":[8,38],"also":[9,45],"major":[11,118,150],"region":[12,28],"of":[13,21,34,43,60,67,80,92,107,115,120,129,166,172],"production.":[15],"Until":[16],"1986,":[17],"with":[18],"arrival":[20],"Nissan,":[22],"industry":[25,53],"in":[26,54,73,124,126,177],"was":[29],"shared":[30],"between":[31],"a":[32,57,81,164],"mixture":[33],"US":[35],"transnational":[36,98],"producers":[37,123],"indigenous":[39],"European":[40,83,132,144],"producers,":[41],"some":[42,91],"which":[44],"operate":[46],"plants":[47],"outside":[48],"Europe.":[49],"It":[50],"an":[52],"which,":[55],"although":[56],"substantial":[58],"degree":[59],"corporate":[61],"integration":[62,99],"has":[63],"occurred,":[64],"impact":[66],"historical":[68],"circumstances":[69],"still":[71],"evident":[72],"its":[74],"current":[75],"locational":[76],"structure.":[77],"The":[78,105,169],"creation":[79],"Single":[82,143],"Market":[84,145],"after":[85],"1992":[86],"will":[87],"remove":[88],"at":[89],"least":[90],"internal":[94],"barriers":[95],"to":[96,111,137,148,162,183],"full":[97],"by":[100],"European-based":[102],"producers.":[104],"purpose":[106],"this":[108],"paper":[109],"explore":[112],"strategies":[114],"three":[117],"groups":[119],"volume":[121],"context":[128],"changing":[131],"situation.":[133,185],"A":[134],"basic":[135],"question":[136],"be":[138],"posed":[139],"whether":[141,157],"likely":[147,161],"stimulate":[149],"strategic":[151],"changes":[152],"amongst":[153],"manufacturers":[155],"or":[156],"we":[158],"are":[159],"more":[160],"see":[163],"continuation":[165],"existing":[167],"strategies.":[168],"potential":[170],"implications":[171],"recent":[174],"political":[175],"upheavals":[176],"Eastern":[178],"add":[180],"further":[181],"complexity":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
