{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013284596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","title":"A randomised controlled trial of vaginal clindamycin for early pregnancy bacterial vaginosis","display_name":"A randomised controlled trial of vaginal clindamycin for early pregnancy bacterial vaginosis","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013284596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","mag":"2013284596","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11117774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173111","display_name":"BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology","issn_l":"0306-5456","issn":["0306-5456","1365-215X","1470-0328","1471-0528"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059537441","display_name":"Merja Kurkinen\u2010R\u00e4ty","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Merja Kurkinen\u2010R\u00e4ty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University, Finland","Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007239985","display_name":"Salme Vuopala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salme Vuopala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109253205","display_name":"Markku Koskela","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markku Koskela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Microbiology, Oulu University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Oulu University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034424404","display_name":"Minnamaija Kekki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minnamaija Kekki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Helsinki University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Helsinki University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025850305","display_name":"Tapio Kurki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tapio Kurki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Helsinki University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Helsinki University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004698044","display_name":"Jorma A. Paavonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-606X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-606X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorma Paavonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Helsinki University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Helsinki University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060340970","display_name":"Pentti I. Jouppila","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pentti Jouppila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059537441"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":{"value":5190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7649,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":108,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93321709,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"107","issue":"11","first_page":"1427","last_page":"1432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11290","display_name":"Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2729","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11232","display_name":"Urinary Tract Infections Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-vaginosis","display_name":"bacterial vaginosis","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clindamycin","display_name":"clindamycin","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaginal-treatment","display_name":"vaginal treatment","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-pregnancy","display_name":"early pregnancy","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preterm-birth","display_name":"preterm birth","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/puerperal-infection","display_name":"postpartum infection","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pregnancy-outcomes","display_name":"pregnancy outcomes","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-efficacy","display_name":"treatment efficacy","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singleton-pregnancy","display_name":"singleton pregnancy","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prenatal-screening","display_name":"prenatal screening","score":0.6779999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8931859731674194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779952448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804521","display_name":"Bacterial vaginosis","level":2,"score":0.83388352394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777458120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422273","display_name":"Clindamycin","level":3,"score":0.7346290349960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.6384556293487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.5966598987579346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.5636240243911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205501099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188990","display_name":"Gram staining","level":3,"score":0.5553188920021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778376644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253111","display_name":"Gestational age","level":3,"score":0.47043296694755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.4107235074043274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.23356053233146667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000282","descriptor_name":"Administration, Intravaginal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002981","descriptor_name":"Clindamycin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011251","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Complications, Infectious","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011256","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011261","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Trimester, First","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016585","descriptor_name":"Vaginosis, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016975","descriptor_name":"Gardnerella","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11660.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173111","display_name":"BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology","issn_l":"0306-5456","issn":["0306-5456","1365-215X","1470-0328","1471-0528"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11117774","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11117774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330138","display_name":"Oulun Yliopistollinen Sairaala","ror":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1783060902","https://openalex.org/W1972997207","https://openalex.org/W1984052453","https://openalex.org/W1985659402","https://openalex.org/W2000487319","https://openalex.org/W2004248562","https://openalex.org/W2009599544","https://openalex.org/W2020044680","https://openalex.org/W2030868865","https://openalex.org/W2031898981","https://openalex.org/W2040174879","https://openalex.org/W2054342635","https://openalex.org/W2060858779","https://openalex.org/W2064118966","https://openalex.org/W2069251121","https://openalex.org/W2071816179","https://openalex.org/W2114629982","https://openalex.org/W2154296030","https://openalex.org/W2317894502","https://openalex.org/W2322463613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057373894","https://openalex.org/W4231338585","https://openalex.org/W2896317272","https://openalex.org/W2142079607","https://openalex.org/W2060858779","https://openalex.org/W1971502646","https://openalex.org/W6948882668","https://openalex.org/W2980749490","https://openalex.org/W1985441096","https://openalex.org/W2083122102"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"whether":[3,162],"treatment":[4,198,320],"of":[5,47,72,81,126,144,202,205,213,216,263,270,283,300,327,336],"bacterial":[6],"vaginosis":[7],"(BV)":[8],"with":[9,19,242],"vaginal":[10,49,73],"clindamycin":[11,179,265,319],"affects":[12],"pregnancy":[13,328],"outcome.":[14],"MATERIALS":[15],"AND":[16],"METHODS:":[17],"Mothers":[18],"singleton":[20],"pregnancies":[21],"and":[22,90,109,135,303],"without":[23],"previous":[24],"preterm":[25,107,141,171,301,337],"delivery":[26],"in":[27,31,39,154,177,184,199,230,234,244,260,289,311,323],"17":[28,200,211],"health":[29],"centres":[30],"Oulu":[32,64],"from":[33,101],"March":[34,37],"1996":[35],"Until":[36],"1998,":[38],"whom":[40,127],"BV":[41,163,193,237,246,284,314,322],"was":[42,84,99,106,148,174,194,227,285],"diagnosed":[43],"by":[44],"Gram":[45,82],"stain":[46,83],"a":[48,69,228],"swab":[50],"at":[51,63,91],"the":[52,57,92,113,119,178,185,206,217,264,271,298,307,324,334],"first":[53,325],"antenatal":[54],"visit":[55],"(at":[56],"12th":[58],"gestational":[59,94],"week)":[60],"were":[61,124,130,137,258],"randomised":[62,147],"University":[65],"Hospital":[66],"to":[67,161,332],"have":[68],"one-week":[70],"course":[71],"clindamycin,":[74],"or":[75,165,339],"placebo.":[76],"A":[77],"follow":[78],"up":[79],"sample":[80],"taken":[85],"two":[86],"weeks":[87],"after":[88,197],"randomisation":[89],"30th":[93],"weeks.":[95],"Pregnancy":[96],"outcome":[97,105,115],"data":[98],"obtained":[100],"hospital":[102],"records.":[103],"Primary":[104],"birth,":[108],"puerperal":[110,231,304,340],"infectious":[111,232,305],"morbidity":[112,233],"other":[114],"measure.":[116],"RESULTS:":[117],"During":[118],"study":[120],"period":[121],"1956":[122],"women":[123,146],"screened,":[125],"143":[128],"(7.3%)":[129],"BV-":[131],"positive.":[132],"One":[133],"hundred":[134],"one":[136],"randomised.":[138],"The":[139,170,281],"total":[140],"birth":[142,152,172,302,338],"rate":[143,173],"BV+":[145],"9.9%":[149],"(10/101).":[150],"Preterm":[151],"occurred":[153],"20.7%":[155],"(6/29)":[156],"vs":[157,181,210,267],"0%":[158],"(0/26)":[159],"according":[160],"persisted":[164,238,315],"not":[166,248,330],"(P":[167],"<":[168],"0.01).":[169],"13.7%":[175],"(7/51)":[176],"group":[180,187],"6.0%":[182],"(3/50)":[183],"placebo":[186,272],"(OR":[188,221,252,275],"2.5,":[189],"95%":[190,223,254,277],"CI":[191,224,255,278],"0.6-10).":[192],"cured":[195],"just":[196],"out":[201,212],"51":[203],"(33%)":[204],"clindamycin-":[207],"treated":[208,219,266,273],"patients":[209,220,235],"50":[214],"(34%)":[215],"placebo-":[218],"1.0,":[222],"0.4-2.2).":[225],"There":[226],"difference":[229],"where":[236,313],"(31%,":[239],"9/29)":[240],"compared":[241],"those":[243],"which":[245],"did":[247,329],"persist":[249],"(7.7%,":[250],"1/26)":[251],"5.4,":[253],"1.04-28).":[256],"Infections":[257],"seen":[259],"4/51":[261],"(8%)":[262],"10/50":[268],"(20%)":[269],"cases,":[274],"0.3,":[276],"0.1-1.2).":[279],"CONCLUSION:":[280],"prevalence":[282],"lower":[286],"than":[287],"expected":[288],"this":[290],"low":[291],"risk":[292,299,308,335],"population,":[293],"but":[294],"nevertheless":[295],"it":[296],"increased":[297],"morbidity,":[306],"being":[309],"highest":[310],"cases":[312],"during":[316],"pregnancy.":[317],"Vaginal":[318],"for":[321],"trimester":[326],"appear":[331],"reduce":[333],"infections.":[341]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
