{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012959083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","title":"A theoretical framework for cognitive and non-cognitive interventions for older adults: stimulation versus compensation","display_name":"A theoretical framework for cognitive and non-cognitive interventions for older adults: stimulation versus compensation","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012959083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","mag":"2012959083","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24354740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165966931","display_name":"Aging & Mental Health","issn_l":"1360-7863","issn":["1360-7863","1364-6915"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging & Mental Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370218","display_name":"Eun Young Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6466-8622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6466-8622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109995039","display_name":"Hanyang Cyber University","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkqcq07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109995039"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eun Young Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Department of Counseling Psychology , Hanyang Cyber University , Seoul , Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Department of Counseling Psychology , Hanyang Cyber University , Seoul , Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109995039"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043085745","display_name":"Ki Woong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-3858","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-3858"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803058125","display_name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb3km46","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I2803058125"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ki Woong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2803058125"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100370218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109995039"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3938,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37014925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"304","last_page":"315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.4717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.4717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.33640000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.10819999873638153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-training","display_name":"cognitive training","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-cognitive-decline","display_name":"age-related cognitive decline","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensatory-adaptation","display_name":"compensatory adaptation","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-rehabilitation","display_name":"cognitive rehabilitation","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontal-brain-activity","display_name":"frontal brain activity","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention","display_name":"attention","score":0.3149999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498506","display_name":"Cognitive training","level":3,"score":0.7614372968673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.7445322275161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6995126605033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6756458878517151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68015696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141235","display_name":"Cognitive rehabilitation therapy","level":3,"score":0.6029794812202454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909801347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141214","display_name":"Cognitive Intervention","level":3,"score":0.5986692309379578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185711340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347381","display_name":"Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance","level":3,"score":0.4971664249897003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984863031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Cognitive decline","level":4,"score":0.477545827627182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4770985245704651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.46292850375175476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4453825354576111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134290984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141241","display_name":"Cognitive skill","level":3,"score":0.4371773898601532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63529061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3424681","display_name":"Cognitive remediation therapy","level":3,"score":0.4228942096233368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.41381117701530457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.35401904582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2751242518424988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2521156668663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.16629984974861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.12820884585380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.06054505705833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003072","descriptor_name":"Cognition Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015928","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Behavioral Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.868404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165966931","display_name":"Aging & Mental Health","issn_l":"1360-7863","issn":["1360-7863","1364-6915"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging & Mental Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24354740","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24354740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aging & mental health","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W616082193","https://openalex.org/W1495227350","https://openalex.org/W1553348774","https://openalex.org/W1566698703","https://openalex.org/W1594067016","https://openalex.org/W1599470299","https://openalex.org/W1839558765","https://openalex.org/W1963516404","https://openalex.org/W1963553614","https://openalex.org/W1966844337","https://openalex.org/W1967192896","https://openalex.org/W1967823816","https://openalex.org/W1980617500","https://openalex.org/W1981596049","https://openalex.org/W1982397575","https://openalex.org/W1983116607","https://openalex.org/W1986342854","https://openalex.org/W1992342615","https://openalex.org/W1997849248","https://openalex.org/W1999489033","https://openalex.org/W2000264541","https://openalex.org/W2001528712","https://openalex.org/W2002963113","https://openalex.org/W2005006314","https://openalex.org/W2006364660","https://openalex.org/W2007744581","https://openalex.org/W2015763500","https://openalex.org/W2029834323","https://openalex.org/W2030716347","https://openalex.org/W2032832443","https://openalex.org/W2037629289","https://openalex.org/W2038371189","https://openalex.org/W2041698746","https://openalex.org/W2044500578","https://openalex.org/W2050980993","https://openalex.org/W2052742260","https://openalex.org/W2053604249","https://openalex.org/W2066785847","https://openalex.org/W2067712656","https://openalex.org/W2070558694","https://openalex.org/W2081896689","https://openalex.org/W2082390711","https://openalex.org/W2086341389","https://openalex.org/W2091337832","https://openalex.org/W2096482701","https://openalex.org/W2096843247","https://openalex.org/W2099361738","https://openalex.org/W2104163310","https://openalex.org/W2107022859","https://openalex.org/W2107056441","https://openalex.org/W2110984549","https://openalex.org/W2116875316","https://openalex.org/W2117094090","https://openalex.org/W2125657871","https://openalex.org/W2127611043","https://openalex.org/W2129030266","https://openalex.org/W2130200498","https://openalex.org/W2131162932","https://openalex.org/W2131366419","https://openalex.org/W2135743611","https://openalex.org/W2136367025","https://openalex.org/W2141151688","https://openalex.org/W2143678358","https://openalex.org/W2143834944","https://openalex.org/W2144190075","https://openalex.org/W2145610370","https://openalex.org/W2145662827","https://openalex.org/W2146300668","https://openalex.org/W2149537840","https://openalex.org/W2149621887","https://openalex.org/W2153038533","https://openalex.org/W2155096497","https://openalex.org/W2161117035","https://openalex.org/W2166192353","https://openalex.org/W2168684970","https://openalex.org/W2321990697","https://openalex.org/W2468443503","https://openalex.org/W3148499377","https://openalex.org/W3215981791","https://openalex.org/W4232352375","https://openalex.org/W4388366620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3131184451","https://openalex.org/W2752204948","https://openalex.org/W6925048644","https://openalex.org/W2803825562","https://openalex.org/W7096379237","https://openalex.org/W2589242045","https://openalex.org/W4293763390","https://openalex.org/W2089725106","https://openalex.org/W4390084514","https://openalex.org/W2980509162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Recently,":[1],"interest":[2,28],"in":[3,29,100,127,147,150,177,185,216],"cognitive":[4,30,42,45,74,81,110,123,135,156,208],"training":[5,37,46,75,160,196,209],"for":[6,15,70,85,108,121],"older":[7,86],"adults":[8],"has":[9],"grown":[10],"significantly,":[11],"reflecting":[12],"a":[13,67],"need":[14],"preserving":[16],"the":[17,52,93,165,169,173,180,186,200,217],"quality":[18],"of":[19,26,73,79,95,106,129,182,203],"life":[20],"into":[21],"late":[22],"adulthood.":[23],"In":[24],"spite":[25],"increasing":[27],"rehabilitation,":[31],"recent":[32],"meta-analyses":[33],"have":[34],"questioned":[35],"reported":[36],"gains":[38],"and":[39,82,97,131,136,152],"determined":[40],"that":[41,194],"gain":[43,53],"from":[44,55,92],"might":[47],"be":[48,164,192],"no":[49],"larger":[50],"than":[51],"observed":[54],"active":[56],"controls":[57],"such":[58],"as":[59],"unspecific,":[60],"non-cognitive":[61,83,137],"activities.":[62],"AIMS:":[63],"This":[64],"paper":[65],"presents":[66],"theoretical":[68],"framework":[69],"clarifying":[71],"specificity":[72],"by":[76],"exploring":[77],"mechanisms":[78],"current":[80,101],"interventions":[84,107,120],"adults.":[87],"By":[88],"differentiating":[89],"compensatory":[90,214],"aspects":[91],"components":[94],"specific":[96,142],"non-specific":[98],"stimulation":[99,113],"training,":[102,138],"two":[103],"related":[104],"strategies":[105],"age-related":[109,122],"decline,":[111],"i.e.,":[112],"versus":[114],"compensation,":[115],"are":[116,125],"proposed.":[117],"OVERVIEW:":[118],"Current":[119],"decline":[124],"reviewed":[126],"terms":[128],"stimulation-":[130],"compensation-focused":[132,159,207],"interventions.":[133],"Stimulation-focused,":[134],"with":[139,179],"or":[140,154],"without":[141],"targets,":[143],"tend":[144],"to":[145,163,198,212],"result":[146],"general":[148],"improvement":[149],"attention":[151],"sensory":[153],"other":[155],"functions.":[157],"Meanwhile,":[158],"is":[161,197,210],"likely":[162],"most":[166],"effective":[167],"when":[168],"intervention":[170],"specifically":[171],"supports":[172],"frontally":[174],"mediating":[175],"activity":[176],"accordance":[178],"direction":[181],"indigenous":[183],"adjustments":[184],"aging":[187],"brain.":[188,218],"CONCLUSIONS:":[189],"It":[190],"can":[191],"inferred":[193],"stimulation-focused":[195],"ameliorate":[199],"adverse":[201],"effects":[202],"neurological":[204],"aging,":[205],"whereas":[206],"primarily":[211],"facilitate":[213],"adaptation":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}