{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012808248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","title":"Annulus Fissures Are Mechanically and Chemically Conducive to the Ingrowth of Nerves and Blood Vessels","display_name":"Annulus Fissures Are Mechanically and Chemically Conducive to the Ingrowth of Nerves and Blood Vessels","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012808248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","mag":"2012808248","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22706090"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2012808248"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082209853","display_name":"Manos Stefanakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-7768","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-7768"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manos Stefanakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom","Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049880720","display_name":"Maan Al-Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1624-1402","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1624-1402"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maan Al-Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112677349","display_name":"Ian Harding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-417X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-417X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800201669","display_name":"Frenchay Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03z8x2j90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800201669","https://openalex.org/I4405276282"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Harding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedics, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedics, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800201669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110270148","display_name":"Phillip Pollintine","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Phillip Pollintine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082689566","display_name":"Patricia Dolan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8561-675X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8561-675X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patricia Dolan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011803795","display_name":"John F. Tarlton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-6634","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-6634"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Tarlton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Matrix Biology Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and","Matrix Biology Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matrix Biology Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matrix Biology Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101729729","display_name":"Michael A. Adams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0435-8651","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0435-8651"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Adams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy","and reprint requests to Michael A. Adams, PhD, Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol BS2 8EJ, United Kingdom; E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","reprint requests to Michael A. Adams, PhD, Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol BS2 8EJ, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and reprint requests to Michael A. Adams, PhD, Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol BS2 8EJ, United Kingdom; E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"reprint requests to Michael A. Adams, PhD, Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol BS2 8EJ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049880720","https://openalex.org/A5082209853","https://openalex.org/A5082689566","https://openalex.org/A5101729729","https://openalex.org/A5110270148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.6865,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":137,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98357244,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"22","first_page":"1883","last_page":"1891"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11518","display_name":"Cervical and Thoracic Myelopathy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervertebral-disc-degeneration","display_name":"intervertebral disc degeneration","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discogenic-low-back-pain","display_name":"discogenic low back pain","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nerve-ingrowth","display_name":"nerve ingrowth","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteoglycan-loss","display_name":"proteoglycan loss","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-stress-distribution","display_name":"compressive stress distribution","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleus-pulposus-pressure","display_name":"nucleus pulposus pressure","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfated-glycosaminoglycans","display_name":"sulfated glycosaminoglycans","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disc-water-content","display_name":"disc water content","score":0.7009999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9454232454299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150936888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4769748","display_name":"Annulus (botany)","level":2,"score":0.5978814363479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.5293472409248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001808","descriptor_name":"Blood Vessels","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001808","descriptor_name":"Blood Vessels","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002102","descriptor_name":"Cadaver","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002465","descriptor_name":"Cell Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007403","descriptor_name":"Intervertebral Disc","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007403","descriptor_name":"Intervertebral Disc","qualifier_ui":"Q000294","qualifier_name":"innervation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007403","descriptor_name":"Intervertebral Disc","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010619","descriptor_name":"Phenazines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011509","descriptor_name":"Proteoglycans","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013127","descriptor_name":"Spinal Nerves","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013127","descriptor_name":"Spinal Nerves","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013314","descriptor_name":"Stress, Mechanical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055959","descriptor_name":"Intervertebral Disc Degeneration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0b013e318263ba59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22706090","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22706090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/bb54bda6-d910-4ec4-afe4-70ce15029cf5","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/bb54bda6-d910-4ec4-afe4-70ce15029cf5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Stefanakis, E, Al-Abbasi, MMS, Harding, I, Pollintine, P, Dolan, P, Tarlton, JF & Adams, MA 2012, 'Annulus fissures are mechanically and chemically conducive to the ingrowth of nerves and blood vessels', Spine, vol. 37, no. 22, pp. 1883-1891.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19688766","https://openalex.org/W1543720393","https://openalex.org/W1902549464","https://openalex.org/W1965428427","https://openalex.org/W1966120864","https://openalex.org/W1966979772","https://openalex.org/W1970982790","https://openalex.org/W1971474467","https://openalex.org/W1972404140","https://openalex.org/W1974349801","https://openalex.org/W1974418327","https://openalex.org/W1976797469","https://openalex.org/W1978302169","https://openalex.org/W1980151235","https://openalex.org/W1982323799","https://openalex.org/W1985832887","https://openalex.org/W1990712486","https://openalex.org/W2001857305","https://openalex.org/W2003307220","https://openalex.org/W2005179838","https://openalex.org/W2005310237","https://openalex.org/W2007413067","https://openalex.org/W2007812932","https://openalex.org/W2015869069","https://openalex.org/W2018271742","https://openalex.org/W2019697400","https://openalex.org/W2024369445","https://openalex.org/W2024585159","https://openalex.org/W2025571537","https://openalex.org/W2028023738","https://openalex.org/W2032255522","https://openalex.org/W2032518686","https://openalex.org/W2035554074","https://openalex.org/W2038340109","https://openalex.org/W2040939772","https://openalex.org/W2043208142","https://openalex.org/W2045150537","https://openalex.org/W2058721833","https://openalex.org/W2062712136","https://openalex.org/W2065314516","https://openalex.org/W2068559315","https://openalex.org/W2085313497","https://openalex.org/W2087091839","https://openalex.org/W2090272540","https://openalex.org/W2092809488","https://openalex.org/W2092815019","https://openalex.org/W2104035891","https://openalex.org/W2111152611","https://openalex.org/W2121787709","https://openalex.org/W2144667456","https://openalex.org/W2147504229","https://openalex.org/W2150271931","https://openalex.org/W2156279540","https://openalex.org/W2156956187","https://openalex.org/W2160018962","https://openalex.org/W2163311511","https://openalex.org/W2165503499","https://openalex.org/W2170186142","https://openalex.org/W2338278742","https://openalex.org/W4247637568","https://openalex.org/W4293010689","https://openalex.org/W4296259617"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077463179","https://openalex.org/W2530841072","https://openalex.org/W2563383774","https://openalex.org/W2801605155","https://openalex.org/W2482812392","https://openalex.org/W2092809488","https://openalex.org/W2802839161","https://openalex.org/W7008433079","https://openalex.org/W1994535785","https://openalex.org/W1989097586"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"STUDY":[0],"DESIGN:":[1],"Mechanical":[2],"and":[3,8,28,36,55,61,139,155,172,188,224,240,296],"biochemical":[4],"analyses":[5],"of":[6,22,34,59,99,118,148,217,227,253],"cadaveric":[7,72,133],"surgically":[9,126],"removed":[10,127],"discs.":[11],"OBJECTIVE:":[12],"To":[13],"test":[14],"the":[15,20,32,52,57,94,105,178,221,225,228,266],"hypothesis":[16],"that":[17,74,206,283,291],"fissures":[18,50,123,167,278],"in":[19,51,124,131,145,156,162,185],"annulus":[21,53,78,122,149,166,254],"degenerated":[23,186],"human":[24],"discs":[25,73],"are":[26],"mechanically":[27],"chemically":[29],"conducive":[30,293],"to":[31,82,96,104,114,170,192,257,294],"ingrowth":[33,58],"nerves":[35,60],"blood":[37,62,297],"vessels.":[38,63],"SUMMARY":[39],"OF":[40],"BACKGROUND":[41],"DATA:":[42],"Discogenic":[43],"back":[44],"pain":[45],"is":[46,292],"closely":[47],"associated":[48],"with":[49,56,232,241],"fibrosus,":[54],"METHODS:":[64],"Three":[65],"complementary":[66],"studies":[67],"were":[68,80,142,183,189],"performed.":[69],"First,":[70],"15":[71],"contained":[75,255],"a":[76,87,215,280,289],"major":[77],"fissure":[79,106,179,222],"subjected":[81],"1":[83,151],"kN":[84],"compression,":[85],"while":[86],"miniature":[88],"pressure":[89,194],"transducer":[90],"was":[91,112,209,272],"pulled":[92],"through":[93],"disc":[95,128],"obtain":[97],"distributions":[98],"matrix":[100,290],"compressive":[101,163],"stress":[102,164],"perpendicular":[103],"axis.":[107,180],"Second,":[108],"Safranin":[109,201],"O":[110,202],"staining":[111],"used":[113],"evaluate":[115],"focal":[116,285],"loss":[117,244],"proteoglycans":[119,135,260],"from":[120,220,265],"within":[121,165],"25":[125],"samples.":[129],"Third,":[130],"21":[132],"discs,":[134,187,268],"(sulfated":[136],"glycosaminoglycans":[137],"[sGAGs])":[138],"water":[140,270],"concentration":[141,208],"measured":[143],"biochemically":[144],"disrupted":[146],"regions":[147,252,264],"containing":[150],"or":[152],"more":[153],"fissures,":[154],"adjacent":[157,262],"intact":[158,263],"regions.":[159],"RESULTS:":[160],"Reductions":[161],"averaged":[168],"36%":[169,256],"46%,":[171],"could":[173],"have":[174],"been":[175],"greater":[176,184],"at":[177,214],"Stress":[181],"reductions":[182],"inversely":[190],"related":[191],"nucleus":[193],"(R(2)":[195],"=":[196,199,238,249],"47%;":[197],"P":[198],"0.005).":[200],"stain":[203],"intensity":[204],"indicated":[205],"proteoglycan":[207,243,286],"typically":[210],"reduced":[211,273],"by":[212],"40%":[213],"distance":[216],"600":[218],"\u03bcm":[219],"axis,":[223],"width":[226],"proteoglycan-depleted":[229],"zone":[230],"increased":[231],"age":[233],"(P":[234,245],"<":[235,246],"0.006;":[236],"R(2)":[237,248],"0.29)":[239],"general":[242],"0.001;":[247],"0.32).":[250],"Disrupted":[251],"54%":[258],"less":[259],"than":[261],"same":[267],"although":[269],"content":[271],"only":[274],"slightly.":[275],"CONCLUSION:":[276],"Annulus":[277],"provide":[279],"low-pressure":[281],"microenvironment":[282],"allows":[284],"loss,":[287],"leaving":[288],"nerve":[295],"vessel":[298],"ingrowth.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
