{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012804469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","title":"Through the Looking Glass: Differential Noradenergic Modulation of Prefrontal Cortical Function","display_name":"Through the Looking Glass: Differential Noradenergic Modulation of Prefrontal Cortical Function","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012804469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","mag":"2012804469","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10709220","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2565372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/np.2000.133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/np/2000/609619.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185020647","display_name":"Neural Plasticity","issn_l":"1687-5443","issn":["1687-5443","2090-5904"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Plasticity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/np/2000/609619.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019453928","display_name":"Amy F.T. Arnsten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3420-1308","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3420-1308"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amy F. T. Arnsten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Neurobiology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520-8001, USA. amy.arnsten@yale.edu","Section of Neurobiology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520-8001, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Neurobiology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520-8001, USA. amy.arnsten@yale.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Neurobiology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520-8001, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019453928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":{"value":2830,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2830},"apc_paid":{"value":2830,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2830},"fwci":0.4035,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":240,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34107402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1-2","first_page":"133","last_page":"146"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.6035000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.6035000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.33640000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.022099999710917473,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norepinephrine","display_name":"norepinephrine","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefrontal-cortex","display_name":"prefrontal cortex","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-adrenergic-receptors","display_name":"beta-adrenergic receptors","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha1-adrenergic-receptors","display_name":"alpha1-adrenoceptors","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arousal","display_name":"arousal","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio-improvement","display_name":"signal-to-noise ratio improvement","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-memory-consolidation","display_name":"long-term memory consolidation","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-excitability","display_name":"cortical excitability","score":0.6650000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7812737226486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18680","display_name":"Prefrontal cortex","level":3,"score":0.633838415145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5356075167655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40465926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410568","display_name":"Adrenergic receptor","level":3,"score":0.4422619640827179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186242","display_name":"Norepinephrine","level":3,"score":0.4248255491256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3970750570297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.3111586272716522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.23253202438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22244784235954285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.14360719919204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.10316944122314453}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000223","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009638","descriptor_name":"Norepinephrine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011942","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013312","descriptor_name":"Stress, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013312","descriptor_name":"Stress, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017397","descriptor_name":"Prefrontal Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017397","descriptor_name":"Prefrontal Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/np.2000.133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/np/2000/609619.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185020647","display_name":"Neural Plasticity","issn_l":"1687-5443","issn":["1687-5443","2090-5904"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Plasticity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2565372","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2565372","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Plast","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10709220","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10709220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural plasticity","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.277.9888","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.277.9888","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/2f/53/Neural_Plast_2000_7(1-2)_133-146.tar.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:96f0280e2c8f434d8d7faaf1274ef576","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/96f0280e2c8f434d8d7faaf1274ef576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Neural Plasticity, Vol 7, Iss 1-2, Pp 133-146 (2000)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/np.2000.133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.133","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/np/2000/609619.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185020647","display_name":"Neural Plasticity","issn_l":"1687-5443","issn":["1687-5443","2090-5904"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Plasticity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7543638745","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AG06036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2012804469.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2012804469.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81520806","https://openalex.org/W631551527","https://openalex.org/W1511039218","https://openalex.org/W1561544516","https://openalex.org/W1577271808","https://openalex.org/W1725059567","https://openalex.org/W1896344011","https://openalex.org/W1939596644","https://openalex.org/W1965392517","https://openalex.org/W1968946845","https://openalex.org/W1970116189","https://openalex.org/W1975131753","https://openalex.org/W1976063687","https://openalex.org/W1977542480","https://openalex.org/W1979231658","https://openalex.org/W1982166376","https://openalex.org/W1985431179","https://openalex.org/W1987251140","https://openalex.org/W1987445320","https://openalex.org/W1995391009","https://openalex.org/W1999045454","https://openalex.org/W2000247756","https://openalex.org/W2002927748","https://openalex.org/W2005264554","https://openalex.org/W2007308112","https://openalex.org/W2007497655","https://openalex.org/W2010384191","https://openalex.org/W2011950981","https://openalex.org/W2013045879","https://openalex.org/W2015509669","https://openalex.org/W2018311332","https://openalex.org/W2020869636","https://openalex.org/W2022224180","https://openalex.org/W2022694793","https://openalex.org/W2024391265","https://openalex.org/W2025518593","https://openalex.org/W2032807853","https://openalex.org/W2033720653","https://openalex.org/W2033787640","https://openalex.org/W2034481695","https://openalex.org/W2034867088","https://openalex.org/W2039755273","https://openalex.org/W2042339761","https://openalex.org/W2043583400","https://openalex.org/W2044073424","https://openalex.org/W2050551646","https://openalex.org/W2052682511","https://openalex.org/W2053613681","https://openalex.org/W2053758131","https://openalex.org/W2056475598","https://openalex.org/W2060345740","https://openalex.org/W2062990061","https://openalex.org/W2064018978","https://openalex.org/W2067292897","https://openalex.org/W2070619076","https://openalex.org/W2073571349","https://openalex.org/W2075473160","https://openalex.org/W2077726357","https://openalex.org/W2078599937","https://openalex.org/W2083100628","https://openalex.org/W2084313944","https://openalex.org/W2086479682","https://openalex.org/W2088510883","https://openalex.org/W2090697450","https://openalex.org/W2119410682","https://openalex.org/W2120137657","https://openalex.org/W2129843874","https://openalex.org/W2138940294","https://openalex.org/W2143973533","https://openalex.org/W2147123664","https://openalex.org/W2151542296","https://openalex.org/W2162836049","https://openalex.org/W2168491589","https://openalex.org/W2169499469","https://openalex.org/W2256339756","https://openalex.org/W2403704540","https://openalex.org/W2409319485","https://openalex.org/W4231680538","https://openalex.org/W4318444672","https://openalex.org/W7097323753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096870357","https://openalex.org/W1985339809","https://openalex.org/W7099695071","https://openalex.org/W312121110","https://openalex.org/W2177596836","https://openalex.org/W2389968175","https://openalex.org/W203414121","https://openalex.org/W2042348492","https://openalex.org/W7152438931","https://openalex.org/W4416120563"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ghosts":[0],"rising":[1],"off":[2],"the":[3,15,50,64,72,77],"lakeIn":[4],"to":[5,26],"moonlight":[6],"In":[7],"between":[8],"Never":[9],"so":[10],"alive":[11],"Norepinephrine":[12],"(NE)":[13],"facilitates":[14],"functioning":[16],"of":[17,49,76,106],"many":[18],"brain":[19,29],"areas,":[20],"otten":[21],"by":[22,68],"increasing":[23],"\"signals\"":[24],"relative":[25],"\"noise\".In":[27],"most":[28],"regions,":[30],"NE":[31,70,108],"enhances":[32],"neural":[33],"processing":[34],"through":[35],"actions":[36,62,109],"at":[37],"beta":[38,111],"and":[39,55,59,100,124],"alpha-1":[40,115],"adrenergic":[41,112],"receptors.This":[42],"review":[43],"will":[44],"provide":[45],"a":[46],"brief":[47],"overview":[48],"receptor":[51,116],"mechanisms":[52,67],"influencing":[53],"subcortical":[54],"posterior":[56],"cortical":[57,125],"functions":[58,75],"contrast":[60],"these":[61,107],"with":[63],"very":[65],"different":[66],"which":[69],"modulates":[71],"working":[73],"memory":[74,104],"prefrontal":[78],"cortex":[79],"(PFC;":[80],"Fig.":[81],"1).":[82],"BETA-AND":[83],"ALPHA-I-ADRENOCEPTOR":[84],"STIMULATION":[85],"ENHANCE":[86],"POSTERIOR":[87],"CORTICAL":[88],"AND":[89],"SUBCORTICAL":[90],"FUNCTIONSNE":[91],"has":[92,119],"widespread":[93],"effects":[94,121],"on":[95,122],"arousal":[96],"state,":[97],"stimulus":[98],"processing,":[99],"plasticity":[101],"including":[102],"long-term":[103],"consolidation.Most":[105],"involve":[110],"mechanisms,":[113],"although":[114],"stimulation":[117],"also":[118],"important":[120],"excitability":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
