{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012670902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","title":"Dynamics of Urbanization and Its Impact on Land-Use/Land-Cover: A Case Study of Megacity Delhi","display_name":"Dynamics of Urbanization and Its Impact on Land-Use/Land-Cover: A Case Study of Megacity Delhi","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012670902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","mag":"2012670902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/jep.2011.29147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=8286","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115225164","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Protection","issn_l":"2152-2197","issn":["2152-2197","2152-2219"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Protection","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=8286","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031560325","display_name":"Manju Mohan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0546-646X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0546-646X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manju Mohan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064011942","display_name":"Subhan K. Pathan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289461252","display_name":"Indian Space Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/00cwrns71","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289461252","https://openalex.org/I3148377317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268392","display_name":"Space Applications Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00spsqb74","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268392"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subhan K. Pathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Space Research Organisation, Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad, India;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Space Research Organisation, Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad, India;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289461252","https://openalex.org/I4405268392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021114975","display_name":"Kolli Narendrareddy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kolli Narendrareddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044119844","display_name":"Anurag Kandya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8213-8852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8213-8852"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anurag Kandya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087311788","display_name":"Sucheta Pandey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sucheta Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Studies in Resource Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mum-bai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Studies in Resource Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mum-bai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031560325"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5001,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":235,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92434596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"02","issue":"09","first_page":"1274","last_page":"1283"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.8809000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.8809000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.1136000007390976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13203","display_name":"Environmental Changes in China","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-and-land-cover-change","display_name":"land use and land cover change","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-expansion","display_name":"urban expansion","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delhi","display_name":"Delhi","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/built-up-areas","display_name":"built-up areas","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-body-loss","display_name":"water body loss","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-cover","display_name":"forest cover","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-land-conversion","display_name":"agricultural land conversion","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-growth","display_name":"population growth","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"urban planning","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/megacities","display_name":"megacities","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127040729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174844","display_name":"Megacity","level":2,"score":0.959570050239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.7886241674423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.616206705570221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6150765419006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.6146334409713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5574089288711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16678853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486972","display_name":"Human settlement","level":2,"score":0.5198150873184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29985473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188460","display_name":"Natural resource","level":2,"score":0.4738926291465759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77352025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386191","display_name":"Population growth","level":3,"score":0.45470860600471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C487182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192042","display_name":"Urban sprawl","level":3,"score":0.4429854452610016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114350782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12638","display_name":"Gross domestic product","level":2,"score":0.42422959208488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.4187763035297394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.35692524909973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.30330097675323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.15354669094085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.13663369417190552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.10000267624855042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07574039697647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/jep.2011.29147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=8286","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115225164","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Protection","issn_l":"2152-2197","issn":["2152-2197","2152-2219"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Protection","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.433.3285","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.433.3285","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=8286","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/jep.2011.29147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.29147","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=8286","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115225164","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Protection","issn_l":"2152-2197","issn":["2152-2197","2152-2219"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Protection","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320722","display_name":"Indian Space Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/00cwrns71"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2012670902.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2012670902.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55564261","https://openalex.org/W91179958","https://openalex.org/W1212601590","https://openalex.org/W1502983811","https://openalex.org/W1523879065","https://openalex.org/W1965852574","https://openalex.org/W1977721490","https://openalex.org/W1981939599","https://openalex.org/W2007140250","https://openalex.org/W2043245336","https://openalex.org/W2048995275","https://openalex.org/W2052120796","https://openalex.org/W2060041035","https://openalex.org/W2065179105","https://openalex.org/W2078303489","https://openalex.org/W2083231614","https://openalex.org/W2091523418","https://openalex.org/W2107165817","https://openalex.org/W2141644125","https://openalex.org/W2144994528","https://openalex.org/W2145756337","https://openalex.org/W2264591002","https://openalex.org/W2275128220","https://openalex.org/W2466360470"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3132131768","https://openalex.org/W2601018550","https://openalex.org/W7160111391","https://openalex.org/W2971319632","https://openalex.org/W3039495143","https://openalex.org/W6003498","https://openalex.org/W4379053880","https://openalex.org/W2946466740","https://openalex.org/W4414671875","https://openalex.org/W2011104507"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69,106,173,242],"rapid":[1,33,92],"expansion":[2,81],"of":[3,44,49,91,121,130,144,178,196,249,265,275],"urban":[4,80,126,230,250,279],"areas":[5,169],"due":[6],"to":[7,125,139,157,192,211,252],"rise":[8],"in":[9,26,82,124,175,188,202,209,214,277],"population":[10,95],"and":[11,47,59,79,86,94,170,263],"economic":[12],"growth":[13,96,231],"is":[14,112,181,259],"increasing":[15],"additional":[16,37],"demand":[17],"on":[18,97,246],"natural":[19,50,266],"resources":[20,51],"thereby":[21],"causing":[22],"land-use":[23],"changes":[24,78,101,225],"especially":[25],"megacities.":[27],"Therefore,":[28],"serious":[29],"problems":[30],"associated":[31],"with":[32,118,216,228],"development":[34],"such":[35,233,255],"as":[36,234],"infrastructure,":[38],"informal":[39],"settlements,":[40],"environmental":[41],"pollution,":[42],"destruction":[43],"ecological":[45],"structure":[46],"scarcity":[48],"has":[52,198],"been":[53],"studied":[54,227],"carefully":[55],"using":[56],"remote":[57],"sensing":[58],"GIS":[60],"technologies":[61],"for":[62],"a":[63,203,221],"rapidly":[64],"grown":[65],"megacity":[66],"namely,":[67],"Delhi.":[68],"present":[70],"work":[71],"evaluates":[72],"the":[73,88,98,110,119,145,153,186,229,247,261,273],"land":[74,99,267],"use/land":[75],"cover":[76,100,177],"(LULC)":[77],"Mega":[83],"city":[84,111,147],"Delhi":[85,131],"highlights":[87],"major":[89],"impact":[90],"urbanization":[93],"which":[102,159,270],"needs":[103],"immediate":[104],"attention.":[105],"results":[107,243],"indicate":[108],"that":[109,256],"expanding":[113],"towards":[114,260],"its":[115],"peripheral":[116],"region":[117],"conversion":[120],"rural":[122],"regions":[123],"expansions.":[127],"Built-up":[128],"area":[129,148,195],"witnessed":[132],"an":[133,278],"overall":[134],"increment":[135,174,187],"from":[136,162],"540.7":[137],"km\u00b2":[138,141,150,208,213],"791.96":[140],"or":[142],"16.86%":[143],"total":[146],"(1,490":[149],")":[151],"during":[152],"study":[154],"period":[155,206],"1997":[156,210],"2008":[158],"mainly":[160],"came":[161],"agriculture":[163],"land,":[164,166],"waste":[165],"scrub-land,":[167],"sandy":[168],"water":[171],"bodies.":[172],"forest":[176],"0.5":[179],"%":[180],"very":[182],"small":[183],"when":[184],"considering":[185],"built":[189],"up":[190],"category":[191],"17%.":[193],"Total":[194],"waterbodies":[197,218],"reduced":[199],"by":[200],"52.9%":[201],"ten":[204],"year":[205],"(58.26":[207],"27.43":[212],"2008)":[215],"shallow":[217],"now":[219],"having":[220],"dismal":[222],"presence.":[223],"LULC":[224],"are":[226],"parameters":[232],"population,":[235],"vehicles,":[236],"gross":[237],"state":[238],"domestic":[239],"product":[240],"etc.":[241],"lay":[244],"emphasis":[245],"concepts":[248],"planning":[251],"be":[253],"applied":[254],"more":[257],"consideration":[258],"preservation":[262],"management":[264],"use":[268],"classes":[269],"will":[271],"increase":[272],"quality":[274],"life":[276],"environment.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
