{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012603047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","title":"The Improvement of Spinach Growth by Nano-anatase TiO2 Treatment Is Related to Nitrogen Photoreduction","display_name":"The Improvement of Spinach Growth by Nano-anatase TiO2 Treatment Is Related to Nitrogen Photoreduction","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012603047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","mag":"2012603047","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17914222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45954700","display_name":"Biological Trace Element Research","issn_l":"0163-4984","issn":["0163-4984","1559-0720"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Trace Element Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651538","display_name":"Fan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-5459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-5459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101897594","display_name":"Chao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6946-379X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6946-379X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056192445","display_name":"Fengqing Gao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengqing Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111681317","display_name":"Mingyu Su","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyu Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100843905","display_name":"Xiao Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027314690","display_name":"Lei Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6791-7372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6791-7372","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7835-3963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032117360","display_name":"Fashui Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4495-4079","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4495-4079"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fashui Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681634","display_name":"Yang Ping","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4152-1924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4152-1924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254887","display_name":"Suzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bz8aa76","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ping Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 215006, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682","https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682","https://openalex.org/I4405254887"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032117360","https://openalex.org/A5100681634"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682","https://openalex.org/I4405254887"],"apc_list":{"value":4290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4290},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":315,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92768534,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"119","issue":"1","first_page":"77","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":0.31450000405311584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":0.31450000405311584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":0.23270000517368317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11247","display_name":"Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism","score":0.06759999692440033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinach","display_name":"spinach","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fixation","display_name":"nitrogen fixation","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-deficiency","display_name":"nitrogen deficiency","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonium","display_name":"ammonium","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorophyll","display_name":"chlorophyll","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-content","display_name":"protein content","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-yellowing","display_name":"leaf yellowing","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-nitrogen","display_name":"organic nitrogen","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalysis","display_name":"photocatalysis","score":0.5289999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780054949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421117","display_name":"Spinach","level":2,"score":0.9885309934616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413357","display_name":"Anatase","level":4,"score":0.9236482977867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.6030908823013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5303547978401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780357685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154357","display_name":"Nano-","level":2,"score":0.4980168342590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4513487219810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.38705211877822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.31330201029777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218831","display_name":"Photocatalysis","level":3,"score":0.2656649947166443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.21722641587257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.09086653590202332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0659184455871582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.05635300278663635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000644","descriptor_name":"Quaternary Ammonium Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002734","descriptor_name":"Chlorophyll","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009584","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009586","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen Fixation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010084","descriptor_name":"Oxidation-Reduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010777","descriptor_name":"Photochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010940","descriptor_name":"Plant Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013472","descriptor_name":"Sunlight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014025","descriptor_name":"Titanium","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018724","descriptor_name":"Spinacia oleracea","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018724","descriptor_name":"Spinacia oleracea","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053761","descriptor_name":"Nanocomposites","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0046-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45954700","display_name":"Biological Trace Element Research","issn_l":"0163-4984","issn":["0163-4984","1559-0720"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Trace Element Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17914222","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17914222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological trace element research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8409000039100647,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321410","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W582432278","https://openalex.org/W1238502700","https://openalex.org/W1568111217","https://openalex.org/W1775749144","https://openalex.org/W1974907033","https://openalex.org/W1975725480","https://openalex.org/W1981399011","https://openalex.org/W1983902287","https://openalex.org/W1986376081","https://openalex.org/W2001570566","https://openalex.org/W2016755039","https://openalex.org/W2031369417","https://openalex.org/W2042492216","https://openalex.org/W2070059428","https://openalex.org/W2073622741","https://openalex.org/W2102099659","https://openalex.org/W2150377117","https://openalex.org/W2157827172","https://openalex.org/W2384416196","https://openalex.org/W2972162076","https://openalex.org/W3005512649","https://openalex.org/W4238052048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981399011","https://openalex.org/W2041094001","https://openalex.org/W2007935200","https://openalex.org/W2981710963","https://openalex.org/W1983902287","https://openalex.org/W2070059428","https://openalex.org/W2023714951","https://openalex.org/W2031369417","https://openalex.org/W2166634729","https://openalex.org/W3175516844"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
