{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012580409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","title":"What is codependency?","display_name":"What is codependency?","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012580409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","mag":"2012580409","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1939721"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S640450","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","issn_l":"0021-9762","issn":["0021-9762","1097-4679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"James P. Morgan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136267","display_name":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Psychotherapie Wiesbaden","ror":"https://ror.org/039v0g264","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136267"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James P. Morgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centers for Psychotherapy, Slidell, LA 70461","Centers for Psychotherapy and North Shore Psychiatric Hospital Slidell, Louisiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centers for Psychotherapy, Slidell, LA 70461","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centers for Psychotherapy and North Shore Psychiatric Hospital Slidell, Louisiana","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136267"],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4444,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52631579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"5","first_page":"720","last_page":"729"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11093","display_name":"Personality Disorders and Psychopathology","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11093","display_name":"Personality Disorders and Psychopathology","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11040","display_name":"Personality Traits and Psychology","score":0.017000000923871994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10677","display_name":"Attachment and Relationship Dynamics","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codependency","display_name":"codependency","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependence","display_name":"dependency","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-criteria","display_name":"diagnostic criteria","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-disorders","display_name":"personality disorders","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dsm-iii-r","display_name":"DSM-III-R","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.878000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8279545307159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.43957090377807617}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000437","descriptor_name":"Alcoholism","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012931","descriptor_name":"Social Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017004","descriptor_name":"Codependency, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019966","descriptor_name":"Substance-Related Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S640450","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","issn_l":"0021-9762","issn":["0021-9762","1097-4679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1939721","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1939721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of clinical psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104386390","https://openalex.org/W226040270","https://openalex.org/W422580686","https://openalex.org/W569415008","https://openalex.org/W647316481","https://openalex.org/W1507269005","https://openalex.org/W1557970329","https://openalex.org/W1601314759","https://openalex.org/W1604476085","https://openalex.org/W1970520858","https://openalex.org/W1972018384","https://openalex.org/W1974377303","https://openalex.org/W1975922372","https://openalex.org/W1993648374","https://openalex.org/W1996990950","https://openalex.org/W2012067862","https://openalex.org/W2050006242","https://openalex.org/W2050107851","https://openalex.org/W2076616942","https://openalex.org/W2078285713","https://openalex.org/W2084885453","https://openalex.org/W2085915893","https://openalex.org/W2093444951","https://openalex.org/W2152979982","https://openalex.org/W2259656931","https://openalex.org/W2331185013","https://openalex.org/W4210957923","https://openalex.org/W4255472092","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6762038619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1860718653","https://openalex.org/W2074742240","https://openalex.org/W2056598821","https://openalex.org/W4410472052","https://openalex.org/W308432621","https://openalex.org/W2187674715","https://openalex.org/W2042174748","https://openalex.org/W6999171213","https://openalex.org/W2943804727","https://openalex.org/W2697405676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,30,40,72,102,111],"rapidly":[4],"developing":[5],"codependency":[6,68,114],"movement":[7],"and":[8,34,53,55,74,96,106,108,117],"appeals":[9],"to":[10,12,21,27,71],"psychologists":[11],"investigate":[13],"this":[14],"area":[15],"systematically.":[16],"An":[17],"effort":[18],"is":[19,37,48,92],"made":[20,38],"clarify":[22],"factors":[23],"that":[24,67],"have":[25],"contributed":[26],"confusion":[28],"about":[29],"meaning":[31],"of":[32,42,77,104,113],"codependency,":[33,54],"an":[35,86],"argument":[36],"for":[39],"use":[41],"operationally":[43],"defined":[44],"diagnostic":[45],"criteria.":[46],"Literature":[47],"reviewed":[49],"on":[50],"both":[51],"dependency":[52],"important":[56],"differences":[57],"between":[58],"these":[59],"two":[60],"concepts":[61],"are":[62,99],"discussed.":[63],"Cermak's":[64],"(1986)":[65],"proposition":[66],"be":[69],"added":[70],"Diagnostic":[73],"statistical":[75],"manual":[76],"mental":[78],"disorders--revised":[79],"(DSM-III-R;":[80],"American":[81],"Psychiatric":[82],"Association,":[83],"1987)":[84],"as":[85],"Axis":[87],"II":[88],"personality":[89],"disorder":[90],"also":[91],"considered.":[93],"Research":[94],"possibilities":[95],"clinical":[97],"applications":[98],"explored":[100],"in":[101,109],"areas":[103],"assessment":[105],"treatment":[107],"considering":[110],"comorbidity":[112],"with":[115],"psychological":[116],"physical":[118],"disorders.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
