{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012263754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","title":"Application patterns when applicants know the odds: Implications for selection research and practice.","display_name":"Application patterns when applicants know the odds: Implications for selection research and practice.","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012263754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","mag":"2012263754","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17371103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166002381","display_name":"Journal of Applied Psychology","issn_l":"0021-9010","issn":["0021-9010","1939-1854"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054077385","display_name":"Nathan R. Kuncel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1846-6429","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1846-6429"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan R. Kuncel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. kunce001@umn.edu","Department of Psychology; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis MN 55455 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. kunce001@umn.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis MN 55455 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028700883","display_name":"David M. Klieger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8875-2543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8875-2543"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David M. Klieger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, IL, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, IL, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4313,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96773308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"92","issue":"2","first_page":"586","last_page":"593"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12602","display_name":"Medical Education and Admissions","score":0.9101999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12602","display_name":"Medical Education and Admissions","score":0.9101999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.05810000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12415","display_name":"Employer Branding and e-HRM","score":0.006800000090152025,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range-restriction-correction","display_name":"range restriction correction","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-standard-deviation","display_name":"population standard deviation","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-ratio","display_name":"selection ratio","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-school-admission-test","display_name":"Law School Admission Test","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-school-admissions","display_name":"law school admissions","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applicant-behavior","display_name":"applicant behavior","score":0.42100000381469727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7600628137588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6880859732627869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6710313558578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.6682107448577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777207495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072146","display_name":"Personnel selection","level":2,"score":0.6019484996795654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5147466659545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.46706801652908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.45624250173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.38435596227645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3492403030395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.16634806990623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.12406408786773682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0974472165107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.07538571953773499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07267212867736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004521","descriptor_name":"Educational Measurement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012570","descriptor_name":"School Admission Criteria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014495","descriptor_name":"Universities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.586","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166002381","display_name":"Journal of Applied Psychology","issn_l":"0021-9010","issn":["0021-9010","1939-1854"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17371103","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17371103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of applied psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W188598433","https://openalex.org/W1987701819","https://openalex.org/W1992228786","https://openalex.org/W2011059286","https://openalex.org/W2019337098","https://openalex.org/W2026429620","https://openalex.org/W2146006411","https://openalex.org/W2161937222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089545896","https://openalex.org/W1919290245","https://openalex.org/W7100736322","https://openalex.org/W287072039","https://openalex.org/W2102816981","https://openalex.org/W4415247331","https://openalex.org/W1776296525","https://openalex.org/W7096641115","https://openalex.org/W2018084860","https://openalex.org/W1943802773"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unlike":[0],"previous":[1],"research":[2],"that":[3,101,115],"found":[4],"small":[5,90],"differences":[6],"between":[7,37],"population":[8,106],"standard":[9,14,107],"deviations":[10,15],"and":[11,49,88],"applicant":[12,65],"pool":[13],"(P.":[16],"R.":[17],"Sackett":[18],"&":[19,27],"D.":[20,24],"J.":[21],"Ostgaard,":[22],"1994;":[23],"S.":[25],"Ones":[26],"C.":[28],"Viswesvaran,":[29],"2003),":[30],"this":[31],"study":[32,61],"revealed":[33],"a":[34],"23%":[35],"disparity":[36],"Law":[38],"School":[39],"Admission":[40],"Test":[41],"(LSAT)":[42],"scores":[43,79,85,120],"of":[44,51,80],"all":[45],"LSAT":[46,52],"test":[47,53],"takers":[48,54],"those":[50,100],"who":[55,82,117,128],"applied":[56],"to":[57],"law":[58,70],"school.":[59],"This":[60],"also":[62],"illustrated":[63],"robust":[64],"self-selection":[66],"behavior":[67],"across":[68],"different":[69],"school":[71],"ranks.":[72],"These":[73],"findings":[74,111],"are":[75],"important,":[76],"because":[77],"predictor":[78],"applicants":[81,116,127],"know":[83,118],"their":[84,119],"in":[86,121],"advance":[87,122],"perceive":[89],"selection":[91],"ratios":[92],"necessitate":[93],"substantially":[94],"smaller":[95],"range":[96],"restriction":[97],"corrections":[98],"than":[99],"would":[102],"be":[103],"required":[104],"by":[105],"deviations.":[108],"Furthermore,":[109],"these":[110],"more":[112],"generally":[113],"reveal":[114],"behave":[123],"quite":[124],"differently":[125],"from":[126],"do":[129],"not.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
