{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012251700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629409369020","title":"Lead and other potentially toxic heavy metals in soil","display_name":"Lead and other potentially toxic heavy metals in soil","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012251700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629409369020","mag":"2012251700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00103629409369020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629409369020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629409369020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159568494","display_name":"Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis","issn_l":"0010-3624","issn":["0010-3624","1532-2416"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071200454","display_name":"Garn A. Wallace","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127632","display_name":"Wallace Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/03awk9p59","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127632"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garn A. Wallace","raw_affiliation_strings":["a  Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle,  El Segundo ,  CA ,  90245","Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle, El Segundo , CA , 90245"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a  Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle,  El Segundo ,  CA ,  90245","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127632"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle, El Segundo , CA , 90245","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127632"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082428212","display_name":"A. M. Wallace","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6193-6438","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6193-6438","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4425-8591","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-7506"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127632","display_name":"Wallace Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/03awk9p59","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127632"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Wallace","raw_affiliation_strings":["a  Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle,  El Segundo ,  CA ,  90245","Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle, El Segundo , CA , 90245"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a  Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle,  El Segundo ,  CA ,  90245","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127632"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wallace Laboratories , 365 Coral Circle, El Segundo , CA , 90245","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127632"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127632"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4821,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63121817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1-2","first_page":"137","last_page":"141"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10790","display_name":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13793","display_name":"Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead","display_name":"lead","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metals-in-soil","display_name":"heavy metals in soil","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-bioavailability","display_name":"lead bioavailability","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-lead-exposure","display_name":"childhood lead exposure","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaded-gasoline","display_name":"leaded gasoline","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-based-paint","display_name":"lead-based paint","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compost","display_name":"compost","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micronutrient-toxicity","display_name":"micronutrient toxicity","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-soils","display_name":"urban soils","score":0.6970000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6263221502304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776053758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105789","display_name":"Heavy metals","level":2,"score":0.6172853112220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508345","display_name":"Lead (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5524724721908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5058250427246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65580899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212734","display_name":"Soil contamination","level":3,"score":0.45863234996795654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.37049180269241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.28697237372398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.23303380608558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19241955876350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00103629409369020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629409369020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629409369020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159568494","display_name":"Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis","issn_l":"0010-3624","issn":["0010-3624","1532-2416"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.4699999988079071}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990805024","https://openalex.org/W2005850363","https://openalex.org/W2022158491","https://openalex.org/W2037595156","https://openalex.org/W2045734909","https://openalex.org/W2066412690","https://openalex.org/W2075202507","https://openalex.org/W2076254395","https://openalex.org/W2107884279","https://openalex.org/W2298801795","https://openalex.org/W3213346494"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557327625","https://openalex.org/W2018094249","https://openalex.org/W2188283420","https://openalex.org/W2104137649","https://openalex.org/W7100291880","https://openalex.org/W2016633432","https://openalex.org/W2080214593","https://openalex.org/W2091428143","https://openalex.org/W7033517741","https://openalex.org/W2266531525"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Regulatory":[0],"levels":[1],"of":[2,9,94,103,109,159,185],"lead":[3,43,57,96,110,139,149,160],"are":[4,24,44,92,144],"becoming":[5],"increasingly":[6],"stringent":[7],"because":[8],"hazards":[10],"to":[11,58,66,70,182],"children.":[12,30],"Levels":[13],"as":[14,16,36,38],"little":[15,37],"15":[17,34],"mg":[18],"dL\u20101":[19],"in":[20,29,76,140,161,180],"the":[21,71,77,85,98,171,183],"blood":[22],"stream":[23],"associated":[25],"with":[26],"chronic":[27],"disorders":[28],"Not":[31],"more":[32],"than":[33,153,167],"and":[35,53,126,135,157],"5":[39],"parts":[40],"per":[41,115,122,129],"billion":[42],"recommended":[45],"for":[46,117,131,138],"drinking":[47],"water.":[48],"Leaded":[49],"gasoline,":[50],"leaded":[51],"paint":[52],"composts":[54],"have":[55,177],"added":[56],"soil":[59,82,156],"although":[60],"that":[61,89,106],"from":[62],"compost":[63],"is":[64],"believed":[65],"be":[67,151,164],"essentially":[68],"unavailable":[69],"food":[72,99],"chain":[73],"at":[74],"least":[75],"short":[78],"term.":[79],"Wallace":[80],"Laboratories\u2019":[81],"testing":[83],"on":[84,170],"national":[86],"basis":[87],"indicates":[88],"some":[90],"soils":[91],"capable":[93],"passing":[95],"into":[97],"chain.":[100],"The":[101],"State":[102],"California":[104],"recommends":[105],"daily":[107],"intake":[108],"not":[111],"exceed":[112],"75":[113],"\u03bcg":[114,121,128],"day":[116,123,130],"an":[118],"adult,":[119],"20":[120,154],"during":[124],"pregnancy":[125],"6":[127],"a":[132],"child.":[133],"Soil":[134],"plant":[136],"tests":[137],"urban":[141],"situations":[142],"especially":[143],"indicated.":[145],"In":[146],"general":[147],"DTPA\u2010extractable":[148],"should":[150,163],"less":[152,166],"mg/kg":[155,169],"concentrations":[158],"plants":[162],"considerably":[165],"3":[168],"dry":[172],"weight":[173],"basis.":[174],"Some":[175],"growers":[176],"supplied":[178],"micronutrients":[179],"excess":[181],"point":[184],"toxicity.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}