{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012205653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/08916939908995972","title":"Lack of Association between CTLA-4 Gene Polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese Subjects","display_name":"Lack of Association between CTLA-4 Gene Polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese Subjects","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012205653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/08916939908995972","mag":"2012205653","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10052685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3109/08916939908995972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/08916939908995972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/08916939908995972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41163404","display_name":"Autoimmunity","issn_l":"0891-6934","issn":["0891-6934","1026-7859","1607-842X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320449","host_organization_name":"Informa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Autoimmunity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064259516","display_name":"Tatsuo Yanagawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0712-9339","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0712-9339"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142693","display_name":"Nerima General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0405qn567","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142693"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tatsuo Yanagawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Nerima General Hospital, 2\u201341\u20131 Asahigaoka, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 176-8530, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Nerima General Hospital, 2\u201341\u20131 Asahigaoka, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 176-8530, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109132579","display_name":"Taro Maruyama","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taro Maruyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Saitama Chuo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saitama Chuo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109282319","display_name":"Kiyohide Gomi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142693","display_name":"Nerima General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0405qn567","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142693"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiyohide Gomi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Nerima General Hospital, 2\u201341\u20131 Asahigaoka, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 176-8530, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Nerima General Hospital, 2\u201341\u20131 Asahigaoka, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 176-8530, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025888553","display_name":"Matsuo Taniyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7287-2297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7287-2297"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119182057","display_name":"SHOWA Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mzk4q39","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119182057"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matsuo Taniyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Showa University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Showa University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119182057"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027738324","display_name":"Akira Kasuga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akira Kasuga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Denryoku Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Denryoku Hospital, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111649880","display_name":"Yukako Ozawa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yukako Ozawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ookura Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ookura Hospital, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037881333","display_name":"Masako Terauchi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203951103","display_name":"Keio University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masako Terauchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Keio University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Keio University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115602916","display_name":"Hiroshi Hirose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8759-6510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8759-6510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203951103","display_name":"Keio University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Hirose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Keio University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Keio University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063280077","display_name":"Hiroshi Maruyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-5800","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-5800"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203951103","display_name":"Keio University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Maruyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Keio University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Keio University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108254709","display_name":"Takao Saruta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203951103","display_name":"Keio University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takao Saruta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Keio University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Keio University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203951103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064259516"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142693"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7811344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"53","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ctla-4","display_name":"CTLA-4","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-polymorphism","display_name":"genetic polymorphism","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-susceptibility","display_name":"genetic susceptibility","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gad65-autoantibodies","display_name":"GAD65 antibodies","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-regulation","display_name":"T cell regulation","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-population","display_name":"Japanese population","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hla","display_name":"HLA","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-disease","display_name":"autoimmune disease","score":0.43799999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149737253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3240252","display_name":"Polymorphism (computer science)","level":4,"score":0.5782802700996399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.5180487632751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5119510889053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.479579359292984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21705690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2907609","display_name":"CTLA-4","level":4,"score":0.45139452815055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4463886618614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4132896065711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780130043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192360","display_name":"Autoimmunity","level":3,"score":0.4109702706336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.40934714674949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.364247590303421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.18862706422805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.1738753616809845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15482696890830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.09150266647338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069594","descriptor_name":"Abatacept","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000943","descriptor_name":"Antigens, Differentiation","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001323","descriptor_name":"Autoantibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005968","descriptor_name":"Glutamate Decarboxylase","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007527","descriptor_name":"Isoenzymes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011110","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015551","descriptor_name":"Autoimmunity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015703","descriptor_name":"Antigens, CD","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018796","descriptor_name":"Immunoconjugates","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044466","descriptor_name":"Asian People","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060908","descriptor_name":"CTLA-4 Antigen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3109/08916939908995972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/08916939908995972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/08916939908995972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41163404","display_name":"Autoimmunity","issn_l":"0891-6934","issn":["0891-6934","1026-7859","1607-842X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320449","host_organization_name":"Informa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Autoimmunity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10052685","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10052685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Autoimmunity","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9789000153541565}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978689845","https://openalex.org/W1999913155","https://openalex.org/W2015085911","https://openalex.org/W2020775082","https://openalex.org/W2032281752","https://openalex.org/W2035064373","https://openalex.org/W2039656950","https://openalex.org/W2052838541","https://openalex.org/W2059442774","https://openalex.org/W2062329960","https://openalex.org/W2074891952","https://openalex.org/W2079490247","https://openalex.org/W2093592442","https://openalex.org/W2127591233","https://openalex.org/W2130445686","https://openalex.org/W2132353098","https://openalex.org/W2137221262","https://openalex.org/W2160933808","https://openalex.org/W4230271022","https://openalex.org/W4231975303"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2462784074","https://openalex.org/W2147188058","https://openalex.org/W2093592442","https://openalex.org/W1996780216","https://openalex.org/W2505461192","https://openalex.org/W7099327623","https://openalex.org/W2063006696","https://openalex.org/W2025399446","https://openalex.org/W2138382893","https://openalex.org/W2352624652"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Susceptibility":[0],"to":[1,20,33],"insulin-dependent":[2],"diabetes":[3],"mellitus":[4],"(IDDM)":[5],"is":[6,22,41,51],"determined":[7],"by":[8,104],"both":[9],"environmental":[10],"and":[11,29,73,89,135,137,150,171],"genetic":[12],"factors.":[13],"The":[14,159],"main":[15],"gene":[16,36,44,65,87,170],"associated":[17],"with":[18,71],"predisposition":[19],"IDDM":[21,32,72,155,172],"HLA.":[23],"Recent":[24],"studies":[25],"have":[26],"described":[27],"linkage":[28],"association":[30,166],"of":[31,55,62,99,130,144],"the":[34,60,105,128,154,168,174],"CTLA-4":[35,40,64,86,131,145,169],"(IDDM12)":[37],"in":[38,67,127,133,142,153,173],"Caucasians.":[39],"a":[42,52,63,118],"candidate":[43],"for":[45],"T-cell-mediated":[46],"autoimmune":[47],"diseases":[48],"because":[49],"it":[50],"negative":[53],"regulator":[54],"T-cell":[56],"proliferation.":[57],"We":[58],"investigated":[59,82],"distribution":[61,129],"polymorphism":[66,88,111],"110":[68],"Japanese":[69,175],"patients":[70,134],"200":[74],"control":[75],"subjects.":[76],"In":[77],"84":[78],"patients,":[79],"we":[80],"also":[81],"associations":[83],"between":[84,167],"this":[85],"GAD65":[90,113,148],"antibody":[91,114],"positivity.":[92],"An":[93],"A/G":[94],"transition":[95],"at":[96],"position":[97],"49":[98],"exon":[100],"1":[101],"was":[102,115,123,140],"analyzed":[103],"polymerase":[106],"chain":[107],"reaction-restriction":[108],"fragment":[109],"length":[110],"method.":[112],"detected":[116],"using":[117],"radioligand":[119],"binding":[120],"assay.":[121],"There":[122],"no":[124,138],"significant":[125],"difference":[126,139],"alleles":[132,146],"controls":[136],"observed":[141],"prevalence":[143],"when":[147],"antibody-positive":[149],"-negative":[151],"individuals":[152],"groups":[156],"were":[157],"compared.":[158],"present":[160],"study":[161],"did":[162],"not":[163],"support":[164],"an":[165],"population.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
