{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012190894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838159009386722","title":"Political argumentation and violations of audience expectations: An analysis of the bush\u2010rather encounter","display_name":"Political argumentation and violations of audience expectations: An analysis of the bush\u2010rather encounter","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012190894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838159009386722","mag":"2012190894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08838159009386722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838159009386722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838159009386722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143982487","display_name":"Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media","issn_l":"0883-8151","issn":["0883-8151","1550-6878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Broadcasting &amp; Electronic Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110473354","display_name":"Lynda Lee Kaid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynda Lee Kaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor of Communication, University of Oklahoma"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor of Communication, University of Oklahoma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088462182","display_name":"Valerie Cryer Downs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59897056","display_name":"California State University, Long Beach","ror":"https://ror.org/0080fxk18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie Cryer Downs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor of Speech Communication, California State University\u2010Long Beach"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor of Speech Communication, California State University\u2010Long Beach","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sandra Ragan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Ragan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor of Communication, University of Oklahoma"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor of Communication, University of Oklahoma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.5146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98836751,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.018200000748038292,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12119","display_name":"Linguistics and Discourse Analysis","score":0.009100000374019146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-argumentation","display_name":"political argumentation","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audience-expectations","display_name":"audience expectations","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/george-h-w-bush","display_name":"George H. W. Bush","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dan-rather","display_name":"Dan Rather","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cbs-evening-news","display_name":"CBS Evening News","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversational-norms","display_name":"conversational norms","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-image","display_name":"political image","score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audience-response","display_name":"audience response","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1988-presidential-election","display_name":"1988 presidential election","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777310092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1410600","display_name":"Rebuttal","level":2,"score":0.984329342842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65059942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270105","display_name":"Argumentation theory","level":2,"score":0.7643198370933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5755723714828491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9529602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506858","display_name":"Photojournalism","level":3,"score":0.49598249793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95480931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5287668","display_name":"Documentary evidence","level":2,"score":0.45123109221458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67101536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535910","display_name":"George (robot)","level":2,"score":0.4307905435562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.42996081709861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42306646704673767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4106591045856476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4001513123512268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.29792356491088867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.28915348649024963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2215389609336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.20367535948753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.150174081325531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.1490136682987213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13266053795814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.07931935787200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119657128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11633","display_name":"Photography","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08838159009386722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838159009386722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838159009386722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143982487","display_name":"Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media","issn_l":"0883-8151","issn":["0883-8151","1550-6878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Broadcasting &amp; Electronic Media","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W643781455","https://openalex.org/W1533108885","https://openalex.org/W1554626463","https://openalex.org/W1555873965","https://openalex.org/W1985847870","https://openalex.org/W1988836979","https://openalex.org/W2028394852","https://openalex.org/W2054401041","https://openalex.org/W2054474790","https://openalex.org/W2061630911","https://openalex.org/W2068470266","https://openalex.org/W2076884975","https://openalex.org/W2087015698","https://openalex.org/W2113634246","https://openalex.org/W2484301423","https://openalex.org/W2505946565","https://openalex.org/W2766518967","https://openalex.org/W2766675736","https://openalex.org/W4250661224","https://openalex.org/W4254878567","https://openalex.org/W4300467406"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W39222444","https://openalex.org/W56547874","https://openalex.org/W2243626882","https://openalex.org/W2135861940","https://openalex.org/W7218041807","https://openalex.org/W1985200229","https://openalex.org/W2028018583","https://openalex.org/W2515486814","https://openalex.org/W2041112725","https://openalex.org/W175684152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"analyzed":[2],"the":[3,13,27,32,37,44,55],"1988":[4],"encounter":[5],"between":[6],"George":[7],"Bush":[8],"and":[9,35,57,75],"Dan":[10],"Rather":[11],"on":[12],"CBS":[14],"Evening":[15],"News":[16],"as":[17],"an":[18],"attack\u2010rebuttal":[19],"sequence.":[20],"The":[21],"experimental":[22],"study":[23],"considered":[24],"reactions":[25],"to":[26,36,54],"5\u00bd\u2010minute":[28],"mini\u2010documentary":[29,45,56],"(attack)":[30],"preceding":[31],"actual":[33],"interview":[34,39,58],"live":[38],"(rebuttal)":[40],"itself.":[41],"Respondents":[42],"seeing":[43],"only":[46],"had":[47],"more":[48],"negative":[49],"views":[50],"of":[51,68],"Bush;":[52],"exposure":[53],"together":[59],"enhanced":[60],"Bush's":[61],"image":[62],"while":[63],"Rather's":[64],"evaluations":[65],"decreased.":[66],"Violations":[67],"audience":[69],"expectations":[70],"about":[71],"television":[72],"news":[73],"structure":[74],"conversational":[76],"norms":[77],"may":[78],"have":[79],"accounted":[80],"for":[81],"strong":[82],"viewer":[83],"reactions.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
