{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012190278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474x.39426","title":"Properties and formulation of oral drug delivery systems of protein and peptides","display_name":"Properties and formulation of oral drug delivery systems of protein and peptides","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012190278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474x.39426","mag":"2012190278"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/0250-474x.39426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474x.39426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474x.39426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87963693","display_name":"Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","issn_l":"0250-474X","issn":["0250-474X","1998-3743"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009238456","display_name":"Ajay Semalty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2512-8516","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2512-8516"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185052938","display_name":"Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mvp1q86","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185052938"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Semalty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246 174, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246 174, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185052938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069759625","display_name":"Mona Semalty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-6366","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-6366"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185052938","display_name":"Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mvp1q86","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185052938"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mona Semalty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246 174, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246 174, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185052938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070643862","display_name":"Ravindra Pal Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-6513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-6513"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185052938","display_name":"Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mvp1q86","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185052938"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246 174, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246 174, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185052938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107856733","display_name":"SK Saraf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SK Saraf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Pharmacy, NIEC, Lucknow - 226 001, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Pharmacy, NIEC, Lucknow - 226 001, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012146396","display_name":"Shubhini Awasthi Saraf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4180-0931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4180-0931"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubhini Saraf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Pharmacy BBDNITM, Lucknow - 226 001, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Pharmacy BBDNITM, Lucknow - 226 001, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5387,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77956204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"6","first_page":"741","last_page":"741"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10256","display_name":"Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems","score":0.01080000028014183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10411","display_name":"Proteins in Food Systems","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-drug-delivery","display_name":"oral drug delivery","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-drugs","display_name":"protein drugs","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-peptides","display_name":"peptide therapeutics","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-bioavailability","display_name":"oral bioavailability","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-stability","display_name":"protein stability","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intestinal-absorption","display_name":"intestinal absorption","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrointestinal-barrier","display_name":"gastrointestinal barrier","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzyme-degradation","display_name":"enzyme degradation","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-formulations","display_name":"drug formulation","score":0.4819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.5926246643066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806","display_name":"Drug delivery","level":2,"score":0.5874053239822388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.47685492038726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.4735930263996124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.34720462560653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3295781910419464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3221016824245453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1477467119693756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/0250-474x.39426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474x.39426","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474x.39426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87963693","display_name":"Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","issn_l":"0250-474X","issn":["0250-474X","1998-3743"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5524691","https://openalex.org/W36927247","https://openalex.org/W48033824","https://openalex.org/W52227285","https://openalex.org/W57282146","https://openalex.org/W108503247","https://openalex.org/W128881153","https://openalex.org/W148173877","https://openalex.org/W154395965","https://openalex.org/W184211056","https://openalex.org/W199106019","https://openalex.org/W243395131","https://openalex.org/W569476610","https://openalex.org/W597514109","https://openalex.org/W653459322","https://openalex.org/W1494436906","https://openalex.org/W1511036913","https://openalex.org/W1558206741","https://openalex.org/W1586323081","https://openalex.org/W1598549103","https://openalex.org/W1646658765","https://openalex.org/W1974931622","https://openalex.org/W1977611018","https://openalex.org/W1985090509","https://openalex.org/W1986332278","https://openalex.org/W1987999251","https://openalex.org/W1989641932","https://openalex.org/W1990057891","https://openalex.org/W1993284793","https://openalex.org/W1998785306","https://openalex.org/W1999165523","https://openalex.org/W2000272041","https://openalex.org/W2001008105","https://openalex.org/W2003745745","https://openalex.org/W2013687791","https://openalex.org/W2016587975","https://openalex.org/W2016605000","https://openalex.org/W2035205072","https://openalex.org/W2046183665","https://openalex.org/W2047603891","https://openalex.org/W2055482526","https://openalex.org/W2055593353","https://openalex.org/W2057008152","https://openalex.org/W2063147272","https://openalex.org/W2067380828","https://openalex.org/W2067516397","https://openalex.org/W2070223231","https://openalex.org/W2073025812","https://openalex.org/W2078107139","https://openalex.org/W2079316908","https://openalex.org/W2081368196","https://openalex.org/W2089063329","https://openalex.org/W2095087036","https://openalex.org/W2133854477","https://openalex.org/W2145059303","https://openalex.org/W2161941892","https://openalex.org/W2165473561","https://openalex.org/W2256865305","https://openalex.org/W2281259626","https://openalex.org/W2320089891","https://openalex.org/W2406457509","https://openalex.org/W2414371742"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406972967","https://openalex.org/W1978793089","https://openalex.org/W1985304698","https://openalex.org/W1482791816","https://openalex.org/W2025437344","https://openalex.org/W4407533977","https://openalex.org/W1994971111","https://openalex.org/W4412036991","https://openalex.org/W2114373080","https://openalex.org/W158699884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"most":[1],"protein":[2,44,106,138],"pharmaceuticals":[3],"are":[4,94,110,117],"usually":[5],"formulated":[6],"as":[7,18],"a":[8],"solution":[9],"or":[10],"suspension":[11],"and":[12,26,37,81,100,107,129,134,139],"delivered":[13],"by":[14,83],"invasive":[15],"routes":[16],"such":[17],"subcutaneous":[19],"injections,":[20],"major":[21,67,112],"efforts":[22],"in":[23,63,86,114,119],"both":[24],"academic":[25],"industrial":[27],"laboratories":[28],"have":[29],"been":[30,73],"directed":[31],"towards":[32],"developing":[33],"effective":[34],"oral":[35,40,115,137],"formulations":[36,49],"increasing":[38],"the":[39,46,52,59,76,89,120,125],"absorption":[41],"of":[42,48,65,79,105,111,136],"intact":[43],"through":[45],"use":[47],"that":[50],"protect":[51],"macromolecule":[53],"and/or":[54],"enhance":[55],"it's":[56],"uptake":[57],"into":[58],"intestinal":[60],"mucosa.":[61],"However,":[62],"spite":[64],"these":[66],"attempts,":[68],"relatively":[69],"little":[70],"progress":[71],"has":[72],"made.":[74],"For":[75],"efficient":[77],"delivery":[78,142],"peptides":[80],"proteins":[82],"non-parenteral":[84],"route,":[85],"particular":[87],"via":[88],"gastrointestinal":[90],"tract,":[91],"novel":[92,130],"concepts":[93],"needed":[95],"to":[96],"overcome":[97],"significant":[98],"enzymatic":[99],"diffusion":[101],"barriers.":[102],"The":[103],"properties":[104],"peptides,":[108],"which":[109],"interest":[113],"delivery,":[116],"highlighted":[118],"article.":[121],"This":[122],"article":[123],"reviews":[124],"various":[126],"problems":[127],"associated":[128],"approaches":[131],"for":[132],"formulation":[133],"development":[135],"peptide":[140],"drug":[141],"systems.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}