{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012175187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","title":"Why Choose Cardiothoracic Surgery as a Career?","display_name":"Why Choose Cardiothoracic Surgery as a Career?","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012175187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","mag":"2012175187","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21676678"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1532/hsf98.20101117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138719210","display_name":"The Heart Surgery Forum","issn_l":"1098-3511","issn":["1098-3511","1522-6662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874769","host_organization_name":"Carden Jennings Publishing Co.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874769"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Carden Jennings Publishing Co."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Heart Surgery Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007046818","display_name":"Raja R. Gopaldas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raja R. Gopaldas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65203, USA. Gopaldasr@health.missouri.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65203, USA. Gopaldasr@health.missouri.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067419086","display_name":"Faisal G. Bakaeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9546-936X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9546-936X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal G. Bakaeen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022425060","display_name":"Danny Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2183-6072","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2183-6072"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danny Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011477558","display_name":"Joseph Stapleton Coselli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-5988","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-5988"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph S. Coselli","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113512831","display_name":"Denton A. Cooley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denton A. Cooley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2366184,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"142","last_page":"142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12168","display_name":"Health and Medical Research Impacts","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-room-staff","display_name":"surgical workforce","score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-artery-bypass-grafting","display_name":"coronary artery bypass grafting","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percutaneous-coronary-intervention","display_name":"percutaneous coronary intervention","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimally-invasive-cardiac-surgery","display_name":"minimally invasive cardiac surgery","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mentoring","display_name":"mentoring","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-residency-training","display_name":"surgical residency training","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-workforce-shortage","display_name":"surgical workforce shortage","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market","display_name":"labor market","score":0.3269999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8283485174179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776535583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967647","display_name":"Mentorship","level":2,"score":0.812028706073761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20387591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930752","display_name":"Specialty","level":2,"score":0.6632394194602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160022790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2964004","display_name":"Cardiothoracic surgery","level":2,"score":0.6027370095252991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.41933003067970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2922452390193939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.10385754704475403}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078329","descriptor_name":"Workforce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002322","descriptor_name":"Career Mobility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007587","descriptor_name":"Job Description","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008611","descriptor_name":"Mentors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013903","descriptor_name":"Thoracic Surgery","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013903","descriptor_name":"Thoracic Surgery","qualifier_ui":"Q000193","qualifier_name":"education","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1532/hsf98.20101117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138719210","display_name":"The Heart Surgery Forum","issn_l":"1098-3511","issn":["1098-3511","1522-6662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874769","host_organization_name":"Carden Jennings Publishing Co.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874769"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Carden Jennings Publishing Co."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Heart Surgery Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21676678","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21676678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The heart surgery forum","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1532/hsf98.20101117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20101117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138719210","display_name":"The Heart Surgery Forum","issn_l":"1098-3511","issn":["1098-3511","1522-6662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327874769","host_organization_name":"Carden Jennings Publishing Co.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327874769"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Carden Jennings Publishing Co."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Heart Surgery Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W577565580","https://openalex.org/W1969089620","https://openalex.org/W1982635616","https://openalex.org/W1998657243","https://openalex.org/W2011660769","https://openalex.org/W2013992486","https://openalex.org/W2070454314","https://openalex.org/W2089204790","https://openalex.org/W2142276965","https://openalex.org/W2154961998","https://openalex.org/W2319958596","https://openalex.org/W2323901529","https://openalex.org/W3151487115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965148900","https://openalex.org/W4308553511","https://openalex.org/W2181654265","https://openalex.org/W2155833041","https://openalex.org/W2056621974","https://openalex.org/W2157681160","https://openalex.org/W1998657243","https://openalex.org/W2155971364","https://openalex.org/W2111939781","https://openalex.org/W3125389764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98],"future":[1,100],"of":[2,12,33,63,73,80,89,109,114,118,147,161],"cardiothoracic":[3,148],"surgery":[4],"faces":[5,36],"a":[6,26,46,87,105,107,141],"lofty":[7],"challenge":[8],"with":[9,38,121],"the":[10,30,58,70,77,95,110,115,122,155,170],"advancement":[11],"percutaneous":[13],"technology":[14],"and":[15,29,41,137,150,167,173,182],"minimally":[16],"invasive":[17],"approaches.":[18],"Coronary":[19],"artery":[20],"bypass":[21],"grafting":[22],"(CABG)":[23],"surgery,":[24],"once":[25],"lucrative":[27],"operation":[28],"driving":[31],"force":[32],"our":[34,51,81,159],"specialty,":[35],"challenges":[37,157],"competitive":[39],"stenting":[40],"poor":[42],"reimbursements,":[43],"contributing":[44],"to":[45,50,67,135],"drop":[47],"in":[48],"applicants":[49],"specialty":[52],"that":[53,61,131],"is":[54,140],"further":[55],"fueled":[56],"by":[57],"negative":[59],"information":[60],"members":[62],"other":[64],"specialties":[65],"impart":[66],"trainees.":[68],"In":[69],"current":[71],"era":[72],"explosive":[74],"technological":[75],"progress,":[76],"great":[78],"diversity":[79],"field":[82],"should":[83],"be":[84,104],"viewed":[85],"as":[86],"source":[88],"excitement,":[90],"rather":[91],"than":[92],"confusion,":[93],"for":[94],"upcoming":[96],"generation.":[97],"ideal":[99],"cardiac":[101,112],"surgeon":[102],"must":[103],"\"surgeon-innovator,\"":[106],"reincarnation":[108],"pioneering":[111],"surgeons":[113],"\"golden":[116],"age\"":[117],"medicine.":[119],"Equipped":[120],"right":[123],"skills,":[124],"new":[125],"graduates":[126],"will":[127,132],"land":[128],"high-quality":[129],"jobs":[130],"help":[133],"them":[134],"mature":[136],"excel.":[138],"Mentorship":[139],"key":[142],"component":[143],"at":[144],"all":[145],"stages":[146],"training":[149],"career":[151],"development.":[152],"We":[153],"review":[154],"main":[156],"facing":[158],"specialty--length":[160],"training,":[162],"long":[163],"hours,":[164],"financial":[165],"hardship,":[166],"uncertainty":[168],"about":[169],"future,":[171],"mentorship,":[172],"jobs--and":[174],"we":[175],"present":[176],"individual":[177],"perspectives":[178],"from":[179],"both":[180],"residents":[181],"faculty":[183],"members.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
