{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012050700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","title":"Making Farmers Conservative: Japanese Farmers, Land Reform and Socialism","display_name":"Making Farmers Conservative: Japanese Farmers, Land Reform and Socialism","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012050700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","mag":"2012050700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156748156","display_name":"Social Science Japan Journal","issn_l":"1369-1465","issn":["1369-1465","1468-2680"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Science Japan Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=922834","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067676228","display_name":"James Babb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James BABB","raw_affiliation_strings":["James BABB is Lecturer in Japanese politics in the Department of Politics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. He has published two books, Tanaka: The Making of Postwar Japan (Longman, 2000) and Business and Politics in Japan (Manchester University Press, 2001), and is currently working on a variety of other projects examining Japanese politics and political history","Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James BABB is Lecturer in Japanese politics in the Department of Politics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. He has published two books, Tanaka: The Making of Postwar Japan (Longman, 2000) and Business and Politics in Japan (Manchester University Press, 2001), and is currently working on a variety of other projects examining Japanese politics and political history","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067676228"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"apc_list":{"value":3569,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3569},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53676972,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"175","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11789","display_name":"Land Rights and Reforms","score":0.06989999860525131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11862","display_name":"Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-farmers","display_name":"Japanese farmers","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agrarian-reform","display_name":"land reform","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japan-socialist-party","display_name":"Japan Socialist Party","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservatism","display_name":"conservatism","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-cooperatives","display_name":"agricultural cooperatives","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-communist-party","display_name":"Japanese Communist Party","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-occupation-of-japan","display_name":"Allied occupation of Japan","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-politics","display_name":"rural politics","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-socialization","display_name":"political socialization","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-fragmentation","display_name":"party fragmentation","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postwar-japan","display_name":"postwar Japan","score":0.5350000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501299471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7272","display_name":"Socialism","level":4,"score":0.7197692394256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777178263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208128","display_name":"Land reform","level":3,"score":0.6441717743873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542948173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6186","display_name":"Communism","level":3,"score":0.5798851251602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137607661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66493932","display_name":"Land tenure","level":3,"score":0.5370537042617798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5334287881851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.4726656675338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96640997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163004","display_name":"Conservatism","level":3,"score":0.46532437205314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.4599420726299286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.42677438259124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4044116735458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3548707067966461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3421131372451782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.33714962005615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10429313778877258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.082273930311203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyi037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156748156","display_name":"Social Science Japan Journal","issn_l":"1369-1465","issn":["1369-1465","1468-2680"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Science Japan Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:3124699636","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=922834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.25405/ncl.34622337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34622337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34622337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402485","display_name":"Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","host_organization_name":"Newcastle University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.25405/ncl.34622337.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34622337.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25405/ncl.34622337.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402485","display_name":"Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","host_organization_name":"Newcastle University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3124699636","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=922834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W332220049","https://openalex.org/W363008329","https://openalex.org/W656552388","https://openalex.org/W1482743124","https://openalex.org/W1503313351","https://openalex.org/W1519231113","https://openalex.org/W1607465912","https://openalex.org/W1988968457","https://openalex.org/W1997156881","https://openalex.org/W2098533187","https://openalex.org/W2107992979","https://openalex.org/W2317469524","https://openalex.org/W2486638996","https://openalex.org/W2796928252","https://openalex.org/W3154385873","https://openalex.org/W4210708713","https://openalex.org/W4249767395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2328028029","https://openalex.org/W2989605111","https://openalex.org/W1498873150","https://openalex.org/W628086228","https://openalex.org/W2008975128","https://openalex.org/W7208456456","https://openalex.org/W4404853249","https://openalex.org/W4238205557","https://openalex.org/W1899951289","https://openalex.org/W2312797978"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Under":[0],"the":[1,6,22,27,36,40,52,60,68,100,106,117,129,145,170],"Allied":[2],"Occupation,":[3],"immediately":[4],"after":[5],"end":[7],"of":[8,39,77,134,144,154,159,165,172],"Second":[9],"World":[10],"War,":[11],"pent-up":[12],"tenant":[13],"farmer":[14,28,97],"frustration":[15],"was":[16,33,87,115,137,149,169],"translated":[17],"into":[18,161],"substantial":[19],"support":[20,32,168],"for":[21,94],"Japan":[23,101],"Socialist":[24,90],"Party":[25,103],"through":[26],"union":[29],"movement.":[30],"This":[31,85],"enhanced":[34],"by":[35,128],"institutional":[37,78],"mechanisms":[38],"land":[41,45,61,155],"reform":[42,46,62],"process,":[43],"particularly":[44],"committees":[47],"(nochi":[48],"iinkai),":[49],"in":[50,96,105],"which":[51],"Socialists":[53,69,118],"played":[54],"a":[55,120,152,162,173],"predominant":[56],"role.":[57],"However,":[58],"as":[59],"process":[63],"came":[64,124],"to":[65,72,89,125,140],"an":[66,74],"end,":[67],"were":[70],"unable":[71],"capture":[73],"emerging":[75],"site":[76],"influence":[79],"over":[80],"farmers,":[81],"agricultural":[82,107],"cooperatives":[83,108],"(nokyo).":[84],"failure":[86],"due":[88,139],"fragmentation":[91],"and":[92,104],"competition":[93],"power":[95],"unions":[98],"with":[99,109],"Communist":[102],"centrist":[110],"conservative":[111,166],"forces.":[112],"The":[113,157],"result":[114],"that":[116,123],"lost":[119],"key":[121,163],"constituency":[122],"be":[126],"dominated":[127],"conservatives.":[130],"Nonetheless,":[131],"this":[132],"conservatism":[133],"Japanese":[135],"farmers":[136,160],"not":[138],"inherent":[141],"cultural":[142],"orientations":[143],"rural":[146],"population":[147],"nor":[148],"it":[150],"simply":[151],"product":[153],"reform.":[156],"transformation":[158],"pillar":[164],"party":[167],"outcome":[171],"political":[174],"process.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
