{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012010919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1815-01","title":"Transport in Delhi, India: Environmental Problems and Opportunities","display_name":"Transport in Delhi, India: Environmental Problems and Opportunities","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012010919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1815-01","mag":"2012010919"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3141/1815-01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1815-01","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1815-01","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080786600","display_name":"Ranjan Kumar Bose","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286858202","display_name":"Energy and Resources Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04ek06320","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286858202"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155917","display_name":"India Habitat Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04sgq7503","country_code":"IN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155917"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranjan Kumar Bose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tata Energy Research Institute, India Habitat Center, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tata Energy Research Institute, India Habitat Center, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286858202","https://openalex.org/I4210155917"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022663599","display_name":"Daniel Sperling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4371-7736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4371-7736","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8744-7651"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Sperling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45738015,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1815","issue":"1","first_page":"3","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.7695000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.7695000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12617","display_name":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","score":0.15000000596046448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.023800000548362732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-transport","display_name":"urban transport","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delhi","display_name":"Delhi","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-pollution","display_name":"air pollution","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/car-ownership","display_name":"car ownership","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-emissions","display_name":"greenhouse gas emissions","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-policy","display_name":"transport policy","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scenario-analysis","display_name":"scenario analysis","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-as-usual-scenario","display_name":"business-as-usual scenario","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transit-use","display_name":"transit use","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cycling","display_name":"cycling","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-behavior","display_name":"travel behavior","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-costs","display_name":"energy costs","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127040729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174844","display_name":"Megacity","level":2,"score":0.809653103351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.7250148057937622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.6334917545318604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.46924805641174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4569038450717926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992611469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3647572","display_name":"Business as usual","level":2,"score":0.4474508762359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.43703192472457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4291013479232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.422088623046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.413948118686676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34491264820098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.21492820978164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.18924802541732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.10293939709663391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3141/1815-01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1815-01","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1815-01","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.9333000183105469}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W618291310","https://openalex.org/W637639089","https://openalex.org/W1560398695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183272189","https://openalex.org/W1482637740","https://openalex.org/W2766149787","https://openalex.org/W2290610643","https://openalex.org/W7043223554","https://openalex.org/W2045721000","https://openalex.org/W2043882805","https://openalex.org/W579981626","https://openalex.org/W637639089","https://openalex.org/W3163378413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Delhi":[0],"is":[1,26,50,102,106,151],"a":[2,28,48,135],"rapidly":[3],"expanding":[4],"megacity.":[5],"Population":[6],"and":[7,13,52,61,69,73,82,93,104,122,146,156,164,176,178,219,223],"vehicle":[8,24,130],"use":[9,174,180],"continue":[10],"to":[11,99,118,133,159,215],"expand,":[12],"vehicles":[14],"are":[15,41],"the":[16,161,198,210],"principal":[17],"source":[18],"of":[19,30,37,47,77,90,167],"severe":[20],"air":[21],"pollution.":[22],"Yet":[23],"ownership":[25],"still":[27],"fraction":[29],"that":[31],"in":[32,115,126,129,138,171],"industrialized":[33],"countries.":[34],"The":[35,108,148],"complexities":[36],"Delhi\u2019s":[38,168],"transport":[39,222],"sector":[40],"examined,":[42],"along":[43],"with":[44,183],"what":[45,101,105],"kind":[46],"future":[49],"likely":[51,103],"how":[53],"it":[54],"might":[55],"be":[56],"altered.":[57],"Indian":[58],"transportation":[59,169],"experts":[60],"political":[62,155],"leaders":[63],"were":[64,97],"interviewed,":[65],"historical":[66],"data":[67],"analyzed,":[68],"various":[70],"policy":[71],"options":[72],"strategies":[74],"reviewed.":[75],"Because":[76],"large":[78],"institutional,":[79],"political,":[80],"economic,":[81,162],"technological":[83],"uncertainties":[84],"as":[85,87],"well":[86],"limited":[88],"knowledge":[89],"travel":[91],"behavior":[92],"preferences,":[94],"two":[95],"scenarios":[96],"created":[98],"characterize":[100],"possible.":[107],"\u201cbusiness-as-usual\u201d":[109],"scenario":[110,150],"extrapolates":[111],"from":[112],"present":[113],"trends":[114],"Delhi,":[116],"modified":[117],"reflect":[119],"existing":[120],"policies":[121],"commitments.":[123],"It":[124],"results":[125],"dramatic":[127],"increases":[128],"use,":[131],"translating":[132],"about":[134],"fourfold":[136],"increase":[137],"transport-related":[139],"greenhouse":[140],"gas":[141],"(GHG)":[142],"emissions":[143,193,206,218],"between":[144],"2000":[145],"2020.":[147],"second":[149],"premised":[152],"on":[153],"strong":[154],"institutional":[157],"leadership":[158],"enhance":[160],"social,":[163],"environmental":[165],"performance":[166],"system":[170],"which":[172],"car":[173],"decreases":[175],"transit":[177],"bicycle":[179],"increase.":[181],"Even":[182],"this":[184],"aggressive":[185],"shift":[186],"toward":[187],"more":[188,194],"environmentally":[189],"benign":[190],"transportation,":[191],"GHG":[192,205,212],"than":[195],"double":[196],"during":[197],"20-year":[199],"period.":[200],"Under":[201],"any":[202],"plausible":[203],"scenario,":[204],"will":[207],"soar,":[208],"but":[209],"lower":[211,221],"path":[213],"leads":[214],"far":[216],"fewer":[217],"much":[220],"energy":[224],"costs.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}