{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011962845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/saf.1993.0017","title":"What Maisie Knew and the Improper Third Person","display_name":"What Maisie Knew and the Improper Third Person","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011962845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/saf.1993.0017","mag":"2011962845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/saf.1993.0017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/saf.1993.0017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/saf.1993.0017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86996156","display_name":"Studies in American fiction","issn_l":"0091-8083","issn":["0091-8083","2158-5806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in American Fiction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006616760","display_name":"Sheila Teahan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sheila Teahan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006616760"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34934423,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"127","last_page":"140"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13174","display_name":"American and British Literature Analysis","score":0.5619999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13174","display_name":"American and British Literature Analysis","score":0.5619999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12461","display_name":"Narrative Theory and Analysis","score":0.22509999573230743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12974","display_name":"Modernist Literature and Criticism","score":0.14169999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/what-maisie-knew","display_name":"What Maisie Knew","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/henry-james","display_name":"Henry James","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-person-narrative","display_name":"third-person narration","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative-voice","display_name":"narrative voice","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacanian-psychoanalysis","display_name":"Lacanian psychoanalysis","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigmund-freud","display_name":"Sigmund Freud","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dora","display_name":"DORA","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychoanalytic-interpretation","display_name":"psychoanalytic interpretation","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative-subjectivity","display_name":"narrative subjectivity","score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-and-other","display_name":"self and other","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shoshana-felman","display_name":"Shoshana Felman","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leon-edel","display_name":"Leon Edel","score":0.4480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.5285661816596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.43792444467544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3705596625804901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.3531954884529114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.33593738079071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/saf.1993.0017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/saf.1993.0017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/saf.1993.0017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86996156","display_name":"Studies in American fiction","issn_l":"0091-8083","issn":["0091-8083","2158-5806"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in American Fiction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W602586915","https://openalex.org/W635905887","https://openalex.org/W1537000467","https://openalex.org/W1570704017","https://openalex.org/W1975000365","https://openalex.org/W1982531585","https://openalex.org/W1987807586","https://openalex.org/W2068715731","https://openalex.org/W2130108966","https://openalex.org/W2317785853","https://openalex.org/W2326621410","https://openalex.org/W2327905770","https://openalex.org/W2798758804","https://openalex.org/W2799009189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317785853","https://openalex.org/W2887247634","https://openalex.org/W2572405479","https://openalex.org/W7153756111","https://openalex.org/W2083699713","https://openalex.org/W7133017708","https://openalex.org/W2541229027","https://openalex.org/W7058249675","https://openalex.org/W2376135534","https://openalex.org/W7132906052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"What":[0,211,311,317],"Maisie":[1,129,151,212,388,543,598],"Knew":[2],"and":[3,26,32,153,157,187,193,217,261,287,297,340,350,396,434,448,456,477,487,495,508,532,565,590,592,642,660],"the":[4,50,97,118,134,138,146,162,167,181,196,241,270,331,384,400,403,451,471,485,525,528,545,551,561,568,585,607,611,625,644,673],"Improper":[5],"Third":[6],"Person":[7],"Sheila":[8,10],"Teahan":[9,11],"Michigan":[12],"State":[13],"University":[14],"Notes":[15],"1.":[16],"The":[17,47,94,189,215,342,366,425,506],"Complete":[18],"Notebooks":[19],"of":[20,49,96,108,133,148,164,180,191,199,204,219,240,259,278,344,368,386,402,418,428,442,454,457,463,510,550,570,588,615,627,639,643,657,675],"Henry":[21,200,220,511,571],"James,":[22,221,512],"ed.":[23,52,347,490],"Leon":[24],"Edel":[25],"Lyall":[27],"H.":[28],"Powers":[29],"(New":[30,99,370,415,573],"York":[31,223,514],"Oxford:":[33],"Oxford":[34],"Univ.":[35,59,102,203,354,373,576,663],"Press,":[36,60,103,206,355,374,577,664],"1987),":[37,375],"pp.":[38,232,421,666],"148,":[39],"149;":[40],"hereafter":[41],"cited":[42,64],"parenthetically":[43,65],"as":[44,66,150,321],"Notebooks.":[45],"2.":[46],"Art":[48],"Novel,":[51],"R.":[53],"W.":[54],"B.":[55],"Lewis":[56],"(Boston:":[57],"Northeastern":[58],"1984),":[61,420,578],"p.":[62,208,357,376,500,518,579],"145,":[63],"AN.":[67],"3.":[68],"As":[69],"Neil":[70,581],"Hertz":[71,582],"has":[72,295],"noted,":[73],"James'":[74,257],"unease":[75],"about":[76,445,470],"his":[77],"novel's":[78,529,546],"subject":[79],"invites":[80],"comparison":[81],"to":[82,116,170,248,274,300,315,324,438,601,605],"Freud's":[83,91],"similar":[84],"defensiveness":[85],"in":[86,93,137,145,161,195,214,505,544,548,560,567,649],"Dora;":[87],"see":[88,185,243,362,474,563,652],"\"Dora's":[89],"Secrets,":[90],"Techniques,\"":[92],"End":[95],"Line":[98],"York:":[100,229,371,416,497],"Columbia":[101,372],"1985).":[104],"4.":[105],"A":[106],"number":[107],"critics,":[109],"however,":[110,623],"assume":[111],"that":[112,128,392,539,554,594,624,646],"it":[113,313,319,333],"is":[114,312,328,599,603,630],"possible":[115],"distinguish":[117],"narrator's":[119,139,168],"language":[120,183],"from":[121],"Maisie's.":[122],"Donna":[123],"Przybylowicz,":[124],"for":[125,175,610],"example,":[126],"argues":[127],"ultimately":[130],"acquires":[131],"mastery":[132],"\"figures\"":[135],"initially":[136],"control:":[140],"\"one":[141],"notes":[142,538],"an":[143,439,461],"increase":[144],"use":[147,163,558],"analogies":[149],"matures":[152],"grows":[154],"more":[155,631],"aware":[156],"a":[158,237,279,637],"concomitant":[159],"reduction":[160],"imagery":[165],"on":[166,269,409,584],"part":[169],"describe":[171],"her":[172,555,559,616],"inchoate":[173],"sensations,":[174],"she":[176,393],"eventually":[177],"initiates":[178],"much":[179],"figurative":[182,534,596],"herself\";":[184],"Desire":[186,566],"Repression:":[188],"Dialectic":[190],"Self":[192],"Other":[194,488],"Late":[197],"Works":[198],"James":[201,572],"(University:":[202],"Alabama":[205],"1986),":[207],"26.":[209],"5.":[210,234],"Knew,":[213],"Novels":[216,507,569],"Tales":[218,509],"New":[222,228,496,513],"Edition,":[224,515],"Vol.":[225,516],"XI":[226],"(1908;":[227],"Scribner's,":[230],"1936),":[231],"14,":[233],"6.":[235],"For":[236,460,636],"Lacanian":[238],"reading":[239,638],"\"residuum,\"":[242],"Dennis":[244],"Foster,":[245],"\"Maisie":[246],"Supposed":[247],"Know:":[249],"Amo(u)ral":[250],"Analysis,\"":[251],"HJR,":[252],"5":[253],"(1984),":[254],"207-216,":[255],"212.":[256],"terminology":[258],"residue":[260,272],"residuum":[262],"resonates":[263],"suggestively":[264],"with":[265],"Shoshana":[266],"Felman's":[267],"reflection":[268],"textual":[271],"inherent":[273],"reading:":[275],"\"the":[276,595],"question":[277],"reading's":[280],"'truth'":[281,305],"must":[282],"be":[283],"at":[284],"least":[285],"complicated":[286],"re-thought":[288],"through":[289],"another":[290],"question,":[291],"which":[292],"Freud,":[293],"indeed,":[294],"raised,":[296],"taught":[298],"us":[299],"articulate:":[301],"what":[302],"does":[303,318,334],"such":[304],"(or":[306],"any":[307],"'truth')":[308],"leave":[309],"out?":[310],"made":[314,604],"miss?":[316],"have":[320,382,467,523],"its":[322,329],"function":[323],"overlook?":[325],"What,":[326],"precisely,":[327],"residue,":[330],"remainder":[332],"not":[335],"account":[336,462],"for?\"":[337],"See":[338],"Literature":[339],"Psychoanalysis:":[341],"Question":[343],"Reading:":[345],"Otherwise,":[346],"Felman":[348],"(Baltimore":[349],"London:":[351,661],"Johns":[352],"Hopkins":[353],"1982),":[356],"117.":[358],"7.":[359],"On":[360],"catachresis,":[361],"J.":[363,653],"Hillis":[364,654],"Miller,":[365,475,655],"Ethics":[367],"Reading":[369],"21.":[377],"8.":[378],"However,":[379],"many":[380,650],"critics":[381,522],"taken":[383],"problem":[385],"\"what":[387],"knew\"":[389],"unironically,":[390],"assuming":[391],"undergoes":[394],"moral":[395],"epistemological":[397],"growth":[398],"over":[399],"course":[401],"novel.":[404],"9.":[405],"\"Anthony":[406],"Trollope,\"":[407],"Essays":[408],"Literature,":[410],"American":[411],"Writers,":[412],"English":[413],"Writers":[414],"Library":[417],"America,":[419],"1330-1356,":[422],"1343.":[423],"10.":[424],"interrelated":[426],"metaphors":[427,466],"locus":[429],"standi,":[430],"\"logic,\"":[431],"\"backbone,\"":[432],"\"ground,\"":[433],"so":[435],"on,":[436],"belong":[437],"entire":[440],"set":[441],"metaphysical":[443],"assumptions":[444],"unity,":[446],"linearity,":[447],"causality":[449],"governing":[450],"Western":[452],"theory":[453],"history":[455],"narrative":[458,530],"fiction.":[459],"how":[464],"these":[465],"conditioned":[468],"thinking":[469],"\"realistic\"":[472],"novel,":[473],"\"Narrative":[476],"History,\"":[478],"ELH,":[479],"41":[480],"(1974),":[481],"455-73.":[482],"11.":[483],"In":[484],"Cage":[486],"Stories,":[489],"S.":[491],"Gorley":[492],"Putt":[493],"(London":[494],"Penguin,":[498],"1972),":[499],"72.":[501],"12.":[502],"\"The":[503],"Pupil,\"":[504],"XI,":[517],"547.":[519],"13.":[520],"Several":[521],"noticed":[524],"connections":[526],"between":[527],"strategy":[531],"Maisie's":[533,628],"\"death.\"":[535],"Carren":[536],"Kaston":[537],"\"James":[540],"himself":[541],"uses":[542],"preface":[547],"some":[549],"same":[552],"ways":[553],"various":[556],"parents":[557],"novel\";":[562],"Imagination":[564],"Brunswick:":[574],"Rutgers":[575],"123.":[580],"comments":[583],"preface's":[586],"\"thematics":[587],"sacrifice":[589],"compensation,\"":[591],"suggests":[593],"death":[597],"said":[600],"endure":[602],"seem":[606],"price":[608],"paid":[609],"remarkable":[612],"transforming":[613],"effects":[614],"wonder\"":[617],"(p.":[618],"125).":[619],"I":[620],"would":[621],"argue,":[622],"effect":[626],"\"wonder\"":[629],"ironic":[632],"than":[633],"redemptive.":[634],"14.":[635],"this":[640],"passage":[641],"novel":[645],"complements":[647],"mine":[648],"respects,":[651],"Versions":[656],"Pygmalion":[658],"(Cambridge":[659],"Harvard":[662],"1990),":[665],"23ff.":[667],"This":[668],"essay":[669],"was":[670],"composed":[671],"before":[672],"appearance":[674],"Miller's...":[676]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}